I-optic neuritis

Imizwa ye-optic ithwala izithombe zalokho iso elikubonayo ebuchosheni. Lapho le nzwa ivuvukala noma ivuvuka, ibizwa ngokuthi i-optic neuritis. Kungadala ukubona okungazelelwe, okuncishisiwe esweni elithintekile.

Imbangela ngqo ye-optic neuritis ayaziwa.

Imizwa ye-optic ithwala imininingwane ebonakalayo isuke esweni lakho iye ebuchosheni. Inzwa ingakhukhumala lapho ivuvuka ngokuzumayo. Ukuvuvukala kungalimaza imicu yezinzwa. Lokhu kungadala ukulahleka kombono okufishane noma kwesikhathi eside.

Izimo ezixhunywe ne-optic neuritis zifaka:

• Izifo ezizimele, kufaka phakathi i-lupus, i-sarcoidosis, nesifo se-Behçet
• I-Cryptococcosis, ukutheleleka kwefungal
• Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane, kufaka phakathi isifo sofuba, ugcunsula, isifo seLyme, ne-meningitis
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane, kufaka phakathi i-virus encephalitis, isimungumungwane, irubella, ingxibongo, i-herpes zoster, uqwilikana, ne-mononucleosis
• Izifo zokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi i-mycoplasma pneumonia nezinye izifo ezivamile zokuphefumula
• I-Multiple sclerosis

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukulahleka kombono esweni elilodwa ngaphezu kwehora noma amahora ambalwa
• Izinguquko endleleni umfundi asabela ngayo ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo
• Ukulahleka kombono wombala
• Ubuhlungu lapho uhambisa iso

Ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezokwelapha kungasiza ukukhipha izifo ezihlobene. Ukuhlolwa kungafaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kombono wombala
• I-MRI yobuchopho, kufaka phakathi izithombe ezikhethekile ze-optic nerve
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-acuity ebonakalayo
• Ukuhlolwa kwenkambu ebonakalayo
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-disc optic usebenzisa i-ophthalmoscopy engaqondile

Umbono uvame ukubuyela kokujwayelekile kungakapheli amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu kungekho ukwelashwa.

AmaCorticosteroids anikezwa ngomthambo (IV) noma athathwe ngomlomo (ngomlomo) angakusheshisa ukutakula. Kodwa-ke, umbono wokugcina awungcono ngama-steroids kunangaphandle. Ama-Oral steroids angakhuphula amathuba okuvela futhi.

Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungadingeka ukuthola imbangela ye-neuritis. Isimo esidala inkinga singakwazi ukwelashwa.

Abantu abane-optic neuritis ngaphandle kwesifo esifana ne-multiple sclerosis banethuba elihle lokululama.

I-optic neuritis ebangelwa yi-multiple sclerosis noma ezinye izifo ezizimele komzimba inombono ompofu. Kodwa-ke, ukubona esweni elithintekile kusengabuyela kokujwayelekile.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Imiphumela emibi yomzimba ebanzi evela kuma-corticosteroids
• Ukulahleka kombono

Abanye abantu abanesiqephu se-optic neuritis bazoba nezinkinga zemizwa kwezinye izindawo emzimbeni noma bahlakulele i-multiple sclerosis.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha uma ulahlekelwa ngokungazelelwe ngombono kwelinye iso, ikakhulukazi uma unezinhlungu zamehlo.

Uma utholwe une-optic neuritis, shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma:

• Umbono wakho uyancipha.
• Ubuhlungu esweni buba bukhulu kakhulu.
• Izimpawu zakho azithuthuki phakathi kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu.

I-Retro-bulbar neuritis; I-Multiple sclerosis - i-optic neuritis; I-optic nerve - i-optic neuritis

• Multiple sclerosis - ukukhipha

• Ukwakheka kwamehlo kwangaphandle nangaphakathi

ICalabresi PA. I-Multiple sclerosis nezimo zokudonswa kwesistimu yezinzwa eziphakathi. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 383.

UMoss HE, uGuercio JR, uBalcer LJ. Ukuvuvukala kwe-optic neuropathies ne-neuroretinitis. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ama-eds. I-Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 9.7.

UPrasad S, uBalcer LJ. Ukungajwayelekile kwe-optic nerve ne-retina. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 17.