Igciwane leChikungunya

I-Chikungunya igciwane elidluliselwa kubantu ngokulunywa omiyane abanalesi sifo. Izimpawu zihlanganisa umkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu obuhlangene. Igama elithi chikungunya (liphinyiselwe "chik-en-gun-ye") igama lesi-Afrika elisho "ukugoba ngenxa yobuhlungu."

Ngemininingwane esesikhathini, sicela uvakashele iwebhusayithi yeCenters for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) - www.cdc.gov/chikungunya.

Lapho kutholakala khona uChikungunya

Ngaphambi kuka-2013, leli gciwane lalitholakala kuphela e-Afrika, e-Asia, eYurophu, nasolwandle lwaseNdiya nasePacific. Ngasekupheleni kuka-2013, ukuqubuka kwenzeka okokuqala emazweni aseMelika eziqhingini zaseCaribbean.

Emazweni aseMelika, ukudluliswa kwendawo kwalesi sifo kutholakale emazweni nasezindaweni ezingama-44. Lokhu kusho ukuthi omiyane abakulezo zindawo banegciwane futhi balisabalalisa kubantu.

Kusukela ngo-2014, lesi sifo sitholakale kubahambi abeza eMelika bevela ezindaweni ezithintekile eMelika. Ukudluliswa kwendawo kwenzeke eFlorida, ePuerto Rico, nase-U.S.Virgin Islands.

Isakazeka Kanjani IChikungunya

Omiyane basakaza igciwane kubantu. Omiyane balicosha leli gciwane uma bondla abantu abanalo. Basabalalisa igciwane lapho beluma abanye abantu.

Omiyane abasabalalisa i-chikungunya bawuhlobo olufanayo olusabalalisa umkhuhlane wedenga, onezimpawu ezifanayo. Lezi zimiyane zivame ukondla abantu emini.

Izimpawu zikhula ezinsukwini ezi-3 kuya kwezi-7 ngemuva kokulunywa umiyane onaleli gciwane. Lesi sifo sisakazeka kalula. Iningi labantu abatheleleka banezimpawu.

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu umkhuhlane nobuhlungu obuhlangene. Ezinye izimpawu zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ukuvuvukala okuhlangene
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha
• Isicanucanu
• I-Rash

Izimpawu ziyefana nomkhuhlane futhi zingaba nzima, kepha imvamisa azibulali. Iningi labantu liyalulama ngesonto. Abanye banezinhlungu ezihlangene izinyanga noma ngaphezulu. Lesi sifo singaholela ekufeni kwabantu abadala asebebuthaka.

Akukho ukwelashwa kwe-chikungunya. Njengegciwane lomkhuhlane, kufanele ligijime. Ungathatha izinyathelo ukusiza ukukhulula izimpawu:

• Phuza uketshezi oluningi ukuze uhlale unamanzi.
• Thola ukuphumula okuningi.
• Thatha ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), noma i-acetaminophen (iTylenol) ukuqeda ubuhlungu nomkhuhlane.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma uthuthukisa izimpawu ze-chikungunya. Yazisa umhlinzeki wakho uma ngabe usanda kuhamba endaweni lapho igciwane lisakazeka khona. Umhlinzeki wakho angenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukubheka lesi sifo.

Awukho umuthi wokugoma wokuvikela i-chikungunya. Indlela engcono yokugwema ukuthola igciwane ukuthi ugweme ukulunywa omiyane. Uma usendaweni lapho kukhona ukudluliswa kwegciwane endaweni, thatha lezi zinyathelo ukuzivikela:

• Uma kungashisi kakhulu, zimboze ngemikhono emide, amabhulukwe amade, amasokisi nesigqoko.
• Sebenzisa izingubo ezifakwe i-permethrin.
• Sebenzisa ukuxosha izinambuzane nge-DEET, i-picaridin, i-IR3535, uwoyela we-lemon eucalyptus, noma i-para-menthane-diol. Uma usebenzisa i-sunscreen, gcoba okuphindisela izinambuzane ngemuva kokugcoba ilanga.
• Lala ekamelweni elinomoya opholile noma ngamawindi anezikrini. Bheka izikrini ngezimbobo ezinkulu.
• Susa amanzi amile kunoma iziphi iziqukathi zangaphandle ezifana namabhakede, izimbiza zezimbali, nezindawo zokugeza izinyoni.
• Uma ulele ngaphandle, lala ngaphansi kwenetha lokuvimba omiyane.

Uma uthola i-chikungunya, zama ukugwema ukulunywa omiyane ukuze ungadluliseli abanye leli gciwane.

Ukutheleleka ngegciwane leChikungunya; Chikungunya

• Umiyane, ukudla kwabantu abadala esikhunjeni

Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo iwebhusayithi. Igciwane leChikungunya. www.cdc.gov/chikungunya. Kubuyekezwe uDisemba 17, 2018. Kufinyelelwe ngoMeyi 29, 2019.

UDockrell DH, uSundar S, u-Angus BJ, uHobson RP. Izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ku: Ralston SH, ID Penman, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, eds. Izimiso zikaDavidson kanye Nokuzijwayeza Kwezokwelapha. Umhla ka-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 11.

UKhabbaz R, uBell BP, uSchuchat A, et al. Izinsongo zezifo ezithathelwanayo ezikhulayo neziphindayo. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, uHlelo Olubuyekeziwe. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 14.

URothe C, uJong EC. Izifo ezithathelwanayo eziqhamukayo kanye nomhambi wamazwe omhlaba. Ku: Sanford CA, Pottinger PS, Jong EC, ama-eds. Incwadi Yezokwelapha Nezokushisa. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 3.

• Chikungunya