Izinduna

Izinduna yisimo sesikhumba esidala izinduna noma "ama-zits." Ama-Whiteheads, ama-blackheads, nobomvu, ama-patches avuvukile esikhumba (njengama-cysts) angavela.

Izinduna zenzeka lapho izimbotshana ezincane ebusweni besikhumba zigcwala. Lezi zimbobo zibizwa ngokuthi ama-pores.

• I-pore ngayinye ivula ku-follicle. I-follicle iqukethe izinwele nendlala kawoyela. Uwoyela okhishwa yindlala usiza ukususa amangqamuzana amadala esikhumba futhi ugcine isikhumba sakho sithambile.
• Izindlala zingavinjwa ngenhlanganisela noma uwoyela namaseli esikhumba, ukuvinjelwa kubizwa nge-plug noma i-comedone. Uma phezulu kwepulagi kumhlophe, kubizwa ngokuthi i-whitehead. Ibizwa nge-blackhead uma phezulu kwepulagi kumnyama.
• Uma amabhaktheriya avaleleka epulaki, amasosha omzimba angase asabele kuwo, abangele izinduna.
• Izinduna ezijulile esikhunjeni sakho zingadala ama-cysts aqinile, abuhlungu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-nodulocystic acne.

Izinduna zivame kakhulu entsheni, kepha noma ngubani angathola izinduna, ngisho nezingane. Inkinga ivamise ukusebenza emindenini.

Ezinye izinto ezingadala induna zibandakanya:

• Izinguquko zeHormonal ezenza isikhumba sibe oilier. Lokhu kungahle kuhlobene nokuthomba, ukuya esikhathini, ukukhulelwa, amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, noma ukucindezeleka.
• Imikhiqizo yokugcoba nezinwele ezinamafutha noma ezinamafutha.
• Izidakamizwa ezithile (njenge-steroids, i-testosterone, i-estrogen, ne-phenytoin). Izinto zokulawula inzalo, njengama-IUD aqukethe izidakamizwa, zingenza izinduna zibe zimbi kakhulu.
• Ukujuluka okukhulu nomswakama.
• Ukuthinta ngokweqile, ukuphumula noma ukuxubha isikhumba.

Ucwaningo alukhombisi ukuthi ushokoledi, amantongomane, kanye nokudla okunamafutha kudala induna. Kodwa-ke, ukudla okunoshukela ocwengekile noma imikhiqizo yobisi kungahle kuhlobene nezinduna kwabanye abantu, kepha lokhu kuxhumana kuyimpikiswano.

Izinduna zivame ukuvela ebusweni nasemahlombe. Kungenzeka futhi esiqwini, ezingalweni, emilenzeni nasezinqeni. Izinguquko zesikhumba zifaka:

• Ukuqhekeka kwamaqhuqhuva esikhumba
• Ama-cysts
• Amapapu (amabhampu amancane abomvu)
• Ama-pustules (amabhamu abomvu amancane aqukethe ubomvu omhlophe noma ophuzi)
• Ububomvu obuzungeze ukuqhuma kwesikhumba
• Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba
• I-Whiteheads
• AmaBlackheads

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakwazi ukuxilonga induna ngokubheka isikhumba sakho. Ukuhlolwa akudingeki ezimweni eziningi. Isiko lamagciwane lingenziwa ngamaphethini athile enduna noma ukukhipha ukutheleleka uma uqhubu olukhulu lwamaqhubu luqhubeka.

UKUZINAKEKELA

Izinyathelo ongazithatha ukusiza induna yakho:

• Hlanza isikhumba sakho ngobumnene ngensipho emnene, yokugezela (njengejuba, Neutrogena, Cetaphil, CeraVe, noma i-Basics).
• Bheka amafomula asuselwa emanzini noma "angavunyelwa" ngezimonyo nangokhilimu besikhumba. (Imikhiqizo ye-Noncomedogenic ihlolwe futhi yafakazelwa ukuthi ayivale ama-pores futhi ibangele induna kubantu abaningi.)
• Susa konke ukungcola noma ukwakheka. Geza kanye noma kabili ngosuku, kufaka phakathi ngemuva kokuzivocavoca.
• Gwema ukukhuhla noma ukugeza isikhumba okuphindaphindiwe.
• Hlamba izinwele zakho nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi uma zinamafutha.
• Hlanganisa noma udonse izinwele zakho ukuze izinwele zingabikho ebusweni bakho.

Okungafanele ukwenze:

• Zama ukungakhanyi ngonya, ukuklwebha, ukukhetha noma ukugcoba izinduna. Lokhu kungaholela ekuthelelekeni kwesikhumba, ukuphulukiswa kancane, kanye nezibazi.
• Gwema ukugqoka amabhande asekhanda aqinile, izigqoko ze-baseball nezinye izigqoko.
• Gwema ukuthinta ubuso bakho ngezandla noma ngeminwe.
• Gwema izimonyo ezinamafutha noma okhilimu.
• Ungashiyi ukwakheka ngobusuku obubodwa.

Uma lezi zinyathelo zingasusi izisihla, zama imishanguzo yokuthenga izinduna oyisebenzisa esikhumbeni sakho. Landela izinkomba ngokucophelela bese uyisebenzisa kancane le mikhiqizo.

• Le mikhiqizo ingaqukatha i-benzoyl peroxide, isibabule, i-resorcinol, i-adapalene, noma i-salicylic acid.
• Zisebenza ngokubulala amabhaktheriya, ukomisa uwoyela wesikhumba, noma ukudala ungqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba sakho.
• Kungadala ukubomvu, ukoma, noma ukukhipha ngokweqile isikhumba.
• Yazi ukuthi i-benzoyl peroxide equkethe amalungiselelo ingahlanza ibhulashi noma ihlukanise amathawula nezingubo.

Ukuvezwa okuncane kwelanga kungathuthukisa induna kancane, kepha ukushuka kufihla kakhulu umqubuko. Ukuchayeka kakhulu elangeni noma emisebeni ye-ultraviolet akunconyiwe ngoba kwandisa ingozi yemibimbi nomdlavuza wesikhumba.

IMITHI ETHOLELWA KUMhlinzeki WAKHO WOKUNAKEKELWA KWEMPILO

Uma izinduna ziseseyinkinga, umhlinzeki angakunikeza imithi enamandla futhi axoxe nawe ngezinye izinketho.

Ama-antibiotic angasiza abanye abantu abane-acne:

• Ama-antibiotic omlomo (athathwe ngomlomo) njenge-tetracycline, i-doxycycline, i-minocycline, i-erythromycin, i-trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ne-amoxicillin
• Ama-antibiotics aphezulu (asetshenziswa esikhumbeni) njenge-clindamycin, i-erythromycin, noma i-dapsone

Amakhilimu noma ama-gel asetshenziswe esikhunjeni angabekwa:

• Okutholakala ku-vitamin A okufana ne-retinoic acid cream noma i-gel (tretinoin, tazarotene)
• Amafomula kadokotela we-benzoyl peroxide, isibabule, i-resorcinol, noma i-salicylic acid
• Izihloko ze-azelaic acid

Kwabesifazane abane-acne ebangelwa noma yenziwa yimbi ngama-hormone:

• Iphilisi elibizwa nge-spironolactone lingasiza.
• Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha angasiza kwezinye izimo, noma kungenza izinduna zibe zimbi kakhulu kwabanye besifazane.

Izinqubo ezincane noma izindlela zokwelapha nazo zingasiza:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-Photodynamic kungasetshenziswa. Lokhu ukwelashwa lapho kufakwa ikhemikhali elenziwa ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esikhunjeni, kulandele ukuvezwa ukukhanya.
• Umhlinzeki wakho angaphakamisa nokuthi isikhumba samakhemikhali sihlungwe; ukususwa kwezibazi nge-dermabrasion; noma ukususwa, ukudonsa amanzi, noma ukujova ama-cysts ane-cortisone.

Abantu abane-cystic acne ne-scarring bangazama umuthi obizwa nge-isotretinoin. Uzobhekwa eduze lapho uphuza lo muthi ngenxa yemiphumela yawo emibi.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe AKUFANELE bathathe i-isotretinoin, ngoba idala ukukhubazeka okukhulu kokuzalwa.

• Abesifazane abathatha i-isotretinoin kumele basebenzise izinhlobo ezimbili zokulawulwa kokubeletha ngaphambi kokuqala umuthi futhi babhalise kuhlelo lwe-iPledge.
• Amadoda nawo adinga ukubhaliswa ohlelweni lwe-iPledge.
• Umhlinzeki wakho uzokulandela kulo muthi futhi uzohlolwa igazi njalo.

Isikhathi esiningi, induna iyahamba ngemuva kweminyaka yobusha, kepha ingahlala eminyakeni yobudala ephakathi. Isimo sivame ukuphendula kahle ekwelashweni, kepha izimpendulo zingathatha amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili, futhi izinduna zingakhuphuka ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ukuqubuka kungenzeka uma izinduna ezinzima zingelashwa. Abanye abantu bacindezeleka kakhulu uma izinduna zingelashwa.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Izinyathelo zokuzinakekela kanye nemithi yokuzithengela akusizi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa.
• Izinduna zakho zimbi kakhulu (ngokwesibonelo, unokubomvu okukhulu kuzungeze izinduna, noma unama-cysts).
• Induna yakho iya ngokuya iba yimbi.
• Uba nezibazi njengoba induna yakho isuka.
• Izinduna zibangela ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo.

Uma ingane yakho inezinduna, shayela umhlinzeki wengane uma induna ingazicaceli yodwa zingakapheli izinyanga ezintathu.

Izinduna vulgaris; Induna yama-cystic; Izinduna; Ama-Zits

• Induna yengane
• Izinduna - ukuvala izilonda zepustular
• Ama-Blackheads (ama-comedones)
• Izinduna - i-cystic esifubeni
• Izinduna - i-cystic ebusweni
• Izinduna - i-vulgaris ngemuva
• Izinduna ngemuva
• Izinduna

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IHabif TP. Izinduna, i-roacea, kanye nokuphazamiseka okuhlobene nakho. Ku: Habif TP, ed. Ukwelashwa Kwemithi Yezokwelapha. Umhlaka 6. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 7.

UJames WD, u-Elston DM, Phatha i-JR, i-Rosenbach MA, i-IM ye-Neuhaus. Izinduna. Ku: James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM, eds. Izifo zika-Andrews 'Zesikhumba: I-Clinical Dermatology. Umhlaka 13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 13.

UKIM WE. Izinduna. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM ,, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 689.