Izifo Ezihlanganisiwe Zethishu

-Delile

• Siyini isifo esixubene sezicubu zomzimba?
• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Kubangelwa yini?
• Ingabe zikhona izinto eziyingozi?
• Kutholakala kanjani?
• Ilashwa kanjani?
• Uyini umbono?

Siyini isifo esixubene sezicubu zomzimba?

Isifo esixubekile sezicubu zomzimba (i-MCTD) yisifo esingajwayelekile sokuzivikela komzimba. Kwesinye isikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi yisifo esigqagqene ngoba izimpawu zaso eziningi ziyagqagqana nalezo zezinye izifo zezicubu ezixhuma njenge:

• uhlelo lupus erythematosus
• scleroderma
• i-polymyositis

Ezinye izimo ze-MCTD nazo zabelana ngezimpawu nge-rheumatoid arthritis.

Alikho ikhambi le-MCTD, kepha imvamisa lingaphathwa ngemithi nangezinguquko zokuphila.

Njengoba lesi sifo singathinta izitho ezahlukahlukene njengesikhumba, imisipha, uhlelo lokugaya ukudla namaphaphu, kanye namalunga akho, ukwelashwa kuhloswe ukuphatha izindawo ezinkulu zokubandakanyeka.

Isethulo somtholampilo singaba mnene ukuya kokulingene sibe nzima, kuya ngezinhlelo ezihilelekile.

Ama-ejenti omugqa wokuqala njengama-anti-inflammatory anti-inflammatory agents angasetshenziswa ekuqaleni, kepha ezinye iziguli zingadinga ukwelashwa okuthuthukile nge-antiimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) noma ezinye izinto zokuguqula izifo kanye ne-biologics.

Ngokusho kwamaNational Institutes of Health, izinga lokusinda leminyaka eli-10 labantu abane-MCTD cishe lingamaphesenti angama-80. Lokho kusho ukuthi amaphesenti angama-80 abantu abane-MCTD basaphila eminyakeni eyi-10 ngemuva kokutholakala.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu ze-MCTD zivame ukukhombisa ngokulandelana eminyakeni eminingana, hhayi konke ngasikhathi sinye.

Cishe amaphesenti angama-90 abantu abane-MCTD banesimo sikaRaynaud. Lesi yisimo esivezwa ukuhlaselwa okunzima kweminwe ebandayo, ebandayo eba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, mhlophe, noma nsomi. Kwesinye isikhathi kwenzeka izinyanga noma iminyaka ngaphambi kwezinye izimpawu.

Izimpawu ezingeziwe ze-MCTD ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu, kepha ezinye zezinto ezivame kakhulu zifaka:

• ukukhathala
• imfiva
• ubuhlungu emajoyintini amaningi
• ukuqubuka
• ukuvuvukala kwamalunga
• ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• ukuzwela okubandayo ngokushintsha kombala kwezandla nasezinyaweni

Ezinye izimpawu ezingaba khona zifaka:

• ubuhlungu besifuba
• ukuvuvukala kwesisu
• i-asidi ye-asidi
• ukuphefumula kanzima ngenxa yokwenyuka kwengcindezi yegazi emaphashini noma ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zamaphaphu
• ukuqina noma ukuqinisa amabala esikhumba
• kuvuvukele izandla

Kubangelwa yini?

Imbangela ngqo ye-MCTD ayaziwa. Kuyisifo sokuzilimaza komzimba, okusho ukuthi sifaka amasosha akho omzimba ahlasela ngephutha izicubu ezinempilo.

I-MCTD yenzeka lapho amasosha akho omzimba ehlasela izicubu ezixhumanisayo ezihlinzeka ngohlaka lwezitho zomzimba wakho.

Ingabe zikhona izinto eziyingozi?

Abanye abantu abane-MCTD banomlando wayo womndeni, kepha abacwaningi abatholanga isixhumanisi esicacile sofuzo.

Ngokusho kweGenetic and Rare Diseases Information Centre (GARD), abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kathathu kunabesilisa okuthola lesi simo. Kungagadla kunoma yimuphi unyaka, kepha iminyaka ejwayelekile yokuqalisa iphakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 nengama-25 ubudala.

Kutholakala kanjani?

I-MCTD ingaba nzima ukuyithola ngoba ingafana nezimo eziningana. Kungaba nezici ezivelele ze-scleroderma, lupus, myositis noma isifo samathambo noma inhlanganisela yalezi zinkinga.

Ukuze wenze ukuxilongwa, udokotela wakho uzokunika ukuhlolwa komzimba. Bazokubuza futhi ngomlando oningiliziwe wezimpawu zakho. Uma kungenzeka, gcina uphawu lwezimpawu zakho, uqaphele ukuthi zenzeka nini nokuthi zihlala isikhathi esingakanani. Lolu lwazi luzoba usizo kudokotela wakho.

Uma udokotela wakho eqaphela izimpawu zomtholampilo ze-MCTD, njengokuvuvukala ezungeza amalunga, ukuqubuka, noma ubufakazi bokuzwela okubandayo, bangahle bahlele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola amasosha omzimba athile ahlobene ne-MCTD, njenge-anti-RNP, kanye nobukhona komaka bokuvuvukala.

Bangaphinde ba-oda izivivinyo zokubheka ukuba khona kwama-antibodies ahlobene kakhulu nezinye izifo ezizimele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala okunembile kanye / noma nokuqinisekiswa kwesifo esidlulelayo.

Ilashwa kanjani?

Imithi ingasiza ukuphatha izimpawu ze-MCTD. Abanye abantu badinga ukwelashwa kwezifo zabo lapho ziqubuka, kepha abanye bangadinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside.

Imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-MCTD ifaka phakathi:

• Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID). Ama-NSAID angaphezu kwama-counter, afana ne-ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) ne-naproxen (Aleve), angaphatha ubuhlungu obuhlangene nokuvuvukala.
• Ama-Corticosteroids. Imithi ye-steroid, efana ne-prednisone, ingaphatha ukuvuvukala futhi isize ukumisa amasosha omzimba wakho ekuhlaseleni izicubu ezinempilo. Ngoba zingaholela emiphumeleni emibi eminingi, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cataract, ukushintsha kwemizwelo, nokuzuza kwesisindo, kuvame ukusetshenziselwa kuphela isikhathi esifushane ukugwema izingozi zesikhathi eside.
• Izidakamizwa ezilwa namagciwane. I-Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) ingasiza nge-MCTD emnene futhi mhlawumbe isize ukuvimbela ukuqhuma.
• Ama-block block wesiteshi seCalcium. Imithi efana ne-nifedipine (Procardia) ne-amlodipine (Norvasc) isiza ukuphatha okwenzeka kuRaynaud.
• Ama-immunosuppressants. I-MCTD enamandla ingadinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside ngama-immunosuppressants, okuyizidakamizwa ezicindezela amasosha akho omzimba. Izibonelo ezijwayelekile zifaka i-azathioprine (Imuran, Azasan) ne-mycophenolate mofetil (CellCept). Le mithi ingakhawulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa yamandla okukhubazeka kwengane noma ubuthi.
• Izidakamizwa ze-pulmonary hypertension. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-pulmonary uyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa phakathi kwabantu abane-MCTD. Odokotela bangahle banikeze imishanguzo efana ne-bosentan (Tracleer) noma i-sildenafil (i-Revatio, i-Viagra) ukusiza ukuvimbela umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-pulmonary ukuthi ungabi kubi kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwemithi, izinguquko eziningana zendlela yokuphila zingasiza futhi:

• Uyini umbono?

  Naphezu kobubanzi bayo obuyinkimbinkimbi bezimpawu, i-MCTD ingabonisa futhi ihlale isifo esimnene ukuya kwesilinganiselayo.

  Kodwa-ke, ezinye iziguli zingathuthuka futhi zihlakulele ukubonakaliswa kwezifo okubi kakhulu okubandakanya izitho ezinkulu ezifana namaphaphu.

  Izifo eziningi zezicubu ezithintekayo zibhekwa njengezifo eziningi zezinhlelo futhi kufanele zibhekwe kanjalo. Ukuqapha izitho ezinkulu kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphathwa kwezempilo okuphelele.

  Endabeni ye-MCTD, ukubuyekezwa ngezikhathi ezithile kwezinhlelo kufanele kufake phakathi izimpawu nezimpawu ezihlobene noku:

  • SLE
  • i-polymyositis
  • scleroderma

  Ngoba i-MCTD ingaba nezici zalezi zifo, izitho ezinkulu ezifana namaphaphu, isibindi, izinso nobuchopho kungabandakanyeka.

  Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokusungula uhlelo lwezokwelapha olude kanye nokuphatha olusebenza kahle kakhulu kwizimpawu zakho.

  Ukudluliselwa kuchwepheshe we-rheumatology kungahle kube wusizo ngenxa yenkinga engaba khona yalesi sifo.