Umdlavuza we-Ovarian

Umdlavuza we-Ovarian umdlavuza oqala kuma-ovari. Amaqanda yizitho zesifazane zokuzala ezikhiqiza amaqanda.

Umdlavuza we-Ovarian ungowesihlanu umdlavuza ovame kakhulu kwabesifazane. Kubanga ukufa okuningi kunanoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lomdlavuza wesitho sowesifazane sokuzala.

Imbangela yomdlavuza wesibeletho ayaziwa.

Izingozi zokuba nomdlavuza we-ovari zifaka phakathi noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Uma zimbalwa izingane owesifazane anazo futhi kamuva lapho ebeletha, ziyanda ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho.
• Abesifazane abake baba nomdlavuza webele noma abanomlando womndeni wesifo somdlavuza webele noma we-ovarian banengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza we-ovari (ngenxa yokukhubazeka kuzakhi zofuzo ezifana ne-BRCA1 noma i-BRCA2).
• Abesifazane abathatha indawo ye-estrogen kuphela (hhayi nge-progesterone) iminyaka engu-5 noma ngaphezulu bangaba nengozi enkulu yomdlavuza we-ovari. Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, nokho, anciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza we-ovari.
• Umuthi wenzalo mhlawumbe awunyusi ubungozi bomdlavuza we-ovari.
• Abesifazane asebekhulile basengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza we-ovari. Ukufa okuningi okubangelwa umdlavuza we-ovari kwenzeka kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-55 nangaphezulu.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza we-ovari zivame ukungacaci. Abesifazane nodokotela babo bavame ukusola izimpawu kwezinye izimo ezivamile. Ngesikhathi kutholakala umdlavuza, isimila besivame ukusabalala ngale kwama-ovari.

Bheka udokotela wakho uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo nsuku zonke isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ambalwa:

• Ukuqunjelwa noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yesisu
• Kunzima ukudla noma ukuzizwa ugcwele ngokushesha (ukusutha kokuqala)
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma besisu obuphansi (indawo ingazizwa "inzima")
• Ukuhlungu obusemhlane
• I-lymph node evuvukile emgodini

Ezinye izimpawu ezingenzeka:

• Ukukhula kwezinwele okweqile futhi okumnyama
• Isifiso esisheshayo sokuchama
• Ukudinga ukuvuthwa kaningi kunokujwayelekile (ukukhuphuka kokuvama kokuchama noma ukuphuthuma)
• Ukuqunjelwa

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kaningi kungaba okujwayelekile. Ngomdlavuza we-ovarian osezingeni eliphakeme, udokotela angathola isisu esivuvukile kaningi ngenxa yokuqoqwa koketshezi (ascites).

Ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic kungaveza isisindo se-ovarian noma esiswini.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-CA-125 akubhekwa njengokuhlolwa okuhle komdlavuza we-ovari. Kepha, kungenziwa uma owesifazane ene:

• Izimpawu zomdlavuza we-ovari
• Sekuvele kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza we-ovari ukuthola ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani

Olunye uvivinyo olungenziwa lubandakanya:

• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi namakhemikhali egazi
• Ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa (i-serum HCG)
• I-CT noma i-MRI yesikhumba noma isisu
• I-Ultrasound okhalweni

Ukuhlinzwa, okufana ne-laparoscopy noma i-laparotomy yokuhlola, kuvame ukwenziwa ukuthola imbangela yezimpawu. Kuzokwenziwa i-biopsy ukusiza ukwenza ukuxilongwa.

Alukho uvivinyo lwelebhu noma lwe-imaging olwake lwaboniswa ukuthi luzokwazi ukuhlola ngempumelelo noma ukuxilonga umdlavuza we-ovari kusaqalwa, ngakho-ke akukho zivivinyo zokuhlola ezijwayelekile ezinconywayo ngalesi sikhathi.

Ukuhlinzwa kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha zonke izigaba zomdlavuza we-ovari. Ezigabeni zokuqala, ukuhlinzeka kungaba ukuphela kwokwelapha okudingekayo. Ukuhlinzwa kungabandakanya ukususa womabili amaqanda kanye namashubhu e-fallopian, isibeletho, noma ezinye izakhiwo esiswini noma esinqeni. Izinhloso zokuhlinzwa komdlavuza we-ovari yilezi:

• Isampula izindawo ezivelayo ezijwayelekile ukubona ukuthi umdlavuza usakazekile yini
• Susa noma yiziphi izindawo zokusakazeka kwesimila (ukulungisa iphutha)

I-Chemotherapy isetshenziswa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukwelapha noma imuphi umdlavuza osele. I-Chemotherapy nayo ingasetshenziswa uma umdlavuza ubuya (ubuyela emuva). I-Chemotherapy ivame ukunikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (nge-IV). Ingafakwa futhi ngqo ngaphakathi kwesisu (i-intraperitoneal, noma i-IP).

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kuyaqabukela kusetshenziselwe ukwelapha umdlavuza we-ovari.

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, landela imiyalo yokuthi kufanele umbone kangaki udokotela wakho nokuhlolwa okufanele ube nakho.

Unganciphisa ukucindezela kokugula ngokujoyina iqembu lokusekela umdlavuza. Ukwabelana nabanye abanokuhlangenwe nakho okuvamile nezinkinga kungakusiza ungazizwa uwedwa.

Umdlavuza we-Ovarian awutholakali utholakale usaqala. Imvamisa isithuthuke kakhulu ngesikhathi kutholakala ukuxilongwa:

• Cishe isigamu sabesifazane baphila isikhathi eside kuneminyaka engu-5 ngemuva kokuxilongwa
• Uma ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwesifo futhi ukwelashwa kutholwa ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza usabalale ngaphandle kwe-ovary, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu liphezulu

Thintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma ungowesifazane oneminyaka engama-40 noma ngaphezulu ongakaze ahlolwe okhalo. Kunconywa izivivinyo zangasese zangasese kubo bonke abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-20 noma ngaphezulu.

Shayela i-aphoyintimenti nomhlinzeki wakho uma unezimpawu zomdlavuza we-ovari.

Azikho izincomo ezijwayelekile zokuhlola abesifazane ngaphandle kwezimpawu (asymptomatic) zomdlavuza we-ovari. I-pelvic ultrasound noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi, okufana ne-CA-125, akutholakalanga ukuthi kuyasebenza futhi akunconyiwe.

Ukuhlolwa kofuzo kwe-BRCA1 noma i-BRCA2, noma ezinye izakhi zofuzo ezihlobene nomdlavuza, kunganconywa kwabesifazane abasengozini enkulu yomdlavuza we-ovari. Laba ngabesifazane abanomlando womuntu siqu noma womndeni womdlavuza webele noma we-ovari.

Ukususa ama-ovari kanye namashubhu we-fallopian futhi mhlawumbe nesibeletho kwabesifazane abane-mutation efakazelwe kuhlobo lwe-BRCA1 noma i-BRCA2 kunganciphisa ubungozi bokuthola umdlavuza we-ovari. Kepha, umdlavuza we-ovari usengakhula kwezinye izindawo zesisu.

Umdlavuza - amaqanda

• Imisebe yesisu - ukukhishwa
• I-Chemotherapy - yini ongayibuza udokotela wakho
• Imisebe ye-pelvic - ukukhishwa

• I-anatomy yokuzala yabesifazane
• Ama-Ascites anomdlavuza we-ovari - i-CT scan
• Umdlavuza we-Peritoneal ne-ovarian, i-CT scan
• Izingozi zomdlavuza we-ovari
• Ukukhathazeka kokukhula kwe-ovari
• Isibeletho
• Umdlavuza we-Ovarian
• Umdlavuza we-ovarian metastasis

UColeman RL, Liu J, Matsuo K, Thaker PH, Westin SN, Sood AK. I-Carcinoma yama-ovari kanye namashubhu we-fallopian. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, abahleli. I-Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 86.

UColeman RL, uRamirez PT, uGershenson DM. Izifo ze-Neoplastic ze-ovary: ukuhlolwa, i-epithelial enobungozi kanye ne-epithelial ne-germ cell neoplasms, izicubu ze-sex-cord stromal. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. I-Gynecology ephelele. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 33.

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. Ukuguqulwa kwe-BRCA: ingozi yomdlavuza nokuhlolwa kofuzo. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/genetics/brca-fact-sheet. Kubuyekezwe uNovemba 19, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngoJanuwari 31, 2021.