Isifo sikashukela notshwala

Uma unesifo sikashukela ungazibuza ukuthi kuphephile yini ukuphuza utshwala. Yize abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela bengaphuza utshwala ngokulinganisela, kubalulekile ukuqonda ubungozi obungenzeka bokusetshenziswa kotshwala nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuzehlisa. Utshwala bungaphazamisa indlela umzimba osebenzisa ngayo ushukela wegazi (glucose). Utshwala bungaphazamisa nemithi ethile yesifo sikashukela. Kufanele futhi ukhulume nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze ubone ukuthi kuphephile yini ukuthi ungaphuza.

Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, ukuphuza utshwala kungadala ushukela wegazi ophansi noma ophakeme, kuthinte imishanguzo yesifo sikashukela, futhi kubangele ezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona.

USUKU OLUPHANSI LWEGAZI

Isibindi sakho sikhipha i-glucose emseleni wegazi njengoba kudingeka ukusiza ukugcina ushukela wegazi usezingeni elijwayelekile. Uma uphuza utshwala, isibindi sakho sidinga ukuphuza utshwala. Ngenkathi isibindi sakho sicubungula utshwala, siyayeka ukukhipha i-glucose. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinga lakho likashukela egazini lingehla ngokushesha, likubeke engcupheni yokuba noshukela ophansi wegazi (hypoglycemia). Uma uthatha i-insulin noma izinhlobo ezithile zomuthi wesifo sikashukela, kungadala ushukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu. Ukuphuza ngaphandle kokudla ukudla ngasikhathi sinye nakho kukhulisa kakhulu le ngozi.

Ingozi kashukela osezingeni eliphansi ihlala amahora amaningi ngemuva kokuthatha isiphuzo sakho sokugcina. Iziphuzo eziningi onazo ngasikhathi sinye, ziyanda ingozi yakho. Yingakho kufanele uphuze kuphela utshwala ngokudla nokuphuza kuphela ngokulinganisela.

IMITHI YOKUDAKWA UTSHWALA NESIKAShukela

Abanye abantu abathatha imithi yesifo sikashukela ngomlomo kufanele bakhulume nomhlinzeki wabo ukuze babone ukuthi kuphephile yini ukuphuza utshwala.Utshwala bungaphazamisa imiphumela yemithi ethile yesifo sikashukela, ikubeke engcupheni yokuba noshukela ophansi wegazi noma ushukela wegazi ophakeme (hyperglycemia), kuya ngokuthi uphuza kangakanani nokuthi uthatha muphi umuthi.

EZINYE IZINGOZI KWABANTU ABANESIFO SIKASHUKELA

Ukuphuza utshwala kubeka izingozi zempilo ezifanayo kubantu abanesifo sikashukela njengoba kwenza nakwabanye abantu abaphilile. Kepha kunezingozi ezithile ezihlobene nokuba nesifo sikashukela okubalulekile ukuzazi.

• Iziphuzo ezidakayo ezifana nobhiya neziphuzo ezixutshiwe ezinoshukela zinama-carbohydrate amaningi, angakhuphula amazinga kashukela egazini.
• Utshwala bunamakhalori amaningi, okungaholela ekutheni ukhuluphale. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuphatha isifo sikashukela.
• Amakholori avela kotshwala agcinwa esibindini njengamafutha. Amafutha wesibindi enza amangqamuzana esibindi amelane ne-insulini kakhulu futhi angenza ushukela wegazi lakho uphakeme ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Izimpawu zikashukela wegazi ophansi zifana kakhulu nezimpawu zokudakwa kotshwala. Uma udlula, labo abaseduze kwakho bangacabanga nje ukuthi udakiwe.
• Ukudakwa kwenza kube nzima ukubona izimpawu zikashukela wegazi ophansi futhi kwandisa ubungozi.
• Uma unenkinga yesifo sikashukela, njengokulimala kwezinzwa, iso, noma izinso, umhlinzeki wakho angancoma ukuthi ungaphuzi utshwala. Ukwenza kanjalo kungazenza zibe zimbi lezi zinkinga.

Ukuphuza utshwala ngokuphepha, kufanele uqiniseke ngalokhu okulandelayo:

• Isifo sakho sikashukela silawulwa kahle.
• Uyaqonda ukuthi utshwala bungakuthinta kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele uzithathe ukuvimbela izinkinga.
• Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uyavuma ukuthi kuphephile.

Noma ngubani okhetha ukuphuza kufanele akwenze ngokulinganisela:

• Abesifazane akufanele baphuze isiphuzo esingu-1 ngosuku.
• Abesilisa akumele babe neziphuzo ezingaphezu kwezingu-2 ngosuku.

Isiphuzo esisodwa sichazwa ngokuthi:

• Ama-ounces ayi-12 noma ama-mililitha angama-360 (mL) kabhiya (okuqukethwe okungu-5% kotshwala).
• Ama-ounces ama-5 noma ama-150 ml wewayini (okuqukethwe okungu-12% kotshwala).
• I-1.5-ounce noma i-45-mL yotshwala (ubufakazi obungama-80, noma okuqukethwe okungu-40% kotshwala).

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nokuthi kungakanani utshwala obuphephile kuwe.

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuphuza utshwala, ukuthatha lezi zinyathelo kungakusiza ugcine uphephile.

• Ungaphuzi utshwala esiswini esingenalutho noma lapho i-glucose yegazi lakho iphansi. Noma nini lapho uphuza utshwala, kunengozi yokuba noshukela ophansi wegazi. Phuza utshwala ngokudla noma nge-snack ecebile nge-carbohydrate ukuze ugcine amazinga kashukela ejwayelekile egazini.
• Ungalokothi weqe ukudla noma uphuze utshwala esikhundleni sokudla.
• Phuza kancane. Uma uphuza utshwala, buxube namanzi, i-club soda, amanzi we-tonic wokudla, noma i-diet soda.
• Phatha umthombo woshukela, njengamaphilisi e-glucose, uma kwenzeka ushukela ophansi wegazi.
• Uma ubala ama-carbohydrate njengengxenye yohlelo lwakho lokudla, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nokuthi ungabuphendula kanjani utshwala.
• Ungazivocavoci umzimba uma ubuphuza utshwala, ngoba bukhuphula ubungozi bokuba noshukela ophansi wegazi.
• Phatha i-ID ebonakalayo echaza ukuthi unesifo sikashukela. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba izimpawu zotshwala obuningi noshukela ophansi wegazi ziyefana.
• Gwema ukuphuza wedwa. Phuza nomuntu owaziyo ukuthi unesifo sikashukela. Umuntu kufanele azi ukuthi enzeni uma uqala ukuba nezimpawu zoshukela ophansi wegazi.

Ngoba utshwala bukubeka engcupheni yokuba noshukela ophansi wegazi ngisho namahora usuphuzile, kufanele uhlole ushukela wegazi lakho:

• Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuphuza
• Ngenkathi uphuza
• Ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa uphuzile
• Kuze kube ngamahora angama-24 alandelayo

Qiniseka ukuthi i-glucose yakho yegazi isezingeni eliphephile ngaphambi kokulala.

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho uma wena noma umuntu omaziyo onesifo sikashukela enenkinga yotshwala. Futhi yazisa umhlinzeki wakho uma imikhuba yakho yokuphuza ishintsha.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma uzwa izimpawu zeshukela eliphansi legazi njenge:

• Umbono ophindwe kabili noma umbono ofiphele
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okushaya ngamandla
• Ukuzizwa u-cranky noma wenza ulaka
• Ukuzizwa wethukile
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Indlala
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukuthuthumela
• Ukujuluka
• Ukuncipha noma ukuba ndikindiki kwesikhumba
• Ukukhathala noma ubuthakathaka
• Inkinga yokulala
• Ukucabanga okungacacile

Utshwala - isifo sikashukela; Isifo sikashukela - ukusetshenziswa kotshwala

Iwebhusayithi yeAmerican Diabetes Association. Amazinga Wokunakekelwa Kwezokwelapha Esifo Sikashukela-2019. Ukunakekelwa yisifo sikashukela. Januwari 01 2019; ivolumu 42 ukukhishwa Supplement 1. care.diabetesjournals.org/content/42/Supplement_1.

Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo iwebhusayithi. Ukuphila Nesifo Sikashukela. Isifo sikashukela nesifo sezinso: yini okufanele uyidle? Kubuyekezwe uSepthemba 19, 2019. Kufinyelelwe ngoNovemba 22, 2019. www.cdc.gov/diabetes/managing/eat-well/what-to-eat.html.

UPearson ER, uMcCrimmon RJ. Isifo sikashukela. Ku: Ralston SH, ID Penman, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, eds. Izimiso zikaDavidson kanye Nokuzijwayeza Kwezokwelapha. Umhla ka-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 20.

IPolonsky KS, iBurant CF. Thayipha i-2 Diabetes mellitus. Ku: Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM, abahleli. Incwadi kaWilliams ye-Endocrinology. Umhlaka 13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 31.