I-Cardiomyopathy

I-Cardiomyopathy yisifo semisipha yenhliziyo engajwayelekile lapho imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthakathaka, yeluleke, noma ibe nenye inkinga yokwakheka. Imvamisa iba nomthelela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo ukupompa noma ukusebenza kahle.

Abantu abaningi abane-cardiomyopathy banokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-cardiomyopathy, ezinezimbangela ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye zezinto ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• I-cardiomyopathy ehlanjululwayo (ebizwa nangokuthi i-idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy) yisimo lapho inhliziyo iba buthakathaka futhi amakamelo akhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, inhliziyo ayikwazi ukumpompa igazi elanele emzimbeni. Kungabangelwa izinkinga eziningi zezokwelapha.
• I-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) yisimo lapho imisipha yenhliziyo iba mkhulu khona. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthi igazi liphume enhliziyweni. Lolu hlobo lwe-cardiomyopathy luvame ukudluliselwa emindenini.

• Ischemic cardiomyopathy kubangelwa ukuncipha kwemithambo ehambisa inhliziyo ngegazi. Kwenza izindonga zenhliziyo zibe mncane ukuze zingapampu kahle.
• I-cardiomyopathy evinjelwe yiqembu lezinkinga. Amakamelo enhliziyo awakwazi ukugcwalisa igazi ngoba imisipha yenhliziyo iqinile. Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zalolu hlobo lwe-cardiomyopathy yi-amyloidosis nokulimala kwenhliziyo okuvela kwisizathu esingaziwa.
• I-Peripartum cardiomyopathy yenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ezinyangeni ezinhlanu zokuqala ngemuva kwalokho.

Uma kunokwenzeka, imbangela ye-cardiomyopathy iyelashwa. Imithi nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila kuyadingeka ukwelapha izimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, i-angina kanye nesigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile.

Izinqubo noma ukuhlinzwa kungasetshenziswa futhi, kufaka phakathi:

• I-defibrillator ethumela umfutho kagesi ukumisa isigqi senhliziyo esesongela impilo
• I-pacemaker elapha ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane noma isiza ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngendlela ehleleke kakhudlwana
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Coronary artery bypass (CABG) noma i-angioplasty engathuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuye emsipheni wenhliziyo owonakele noma obuthakathaka
• Ukufakelwa kwenhliziyo okungavivinywa lapho konke okunye ukwelashwa kwehlulekile

Amapampu enhliziyo afakwa ngokwengxenye futhi ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungasetshenziselwa amacala abucayi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke abantu abadinga lokhu kwelashwa okuthuthukile.

Umbono uncike ezintweni eziningi ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi:

• Imbangela nohlobo lwe-cardiomyopathy
• Ubukhulu benkinga yenhliziyo
• Isimo siphendula kahle kanjani ekwelashweni

Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kuvame ukugula okuhlala isikhathi eside (okungapheli). Kungaba kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abanye abantu baba nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo okunzima. Kulokhu, imithi, ukuhlinzwa, nezinye izindlela zokwelapha kungasasiza.

Abantu abanezinhlobo ezithile ze-cardiomyopathy basengozini yezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo eziyingozi.

• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo - okufanele ubuze udokotela wakho

• Inhliziyo - isigaba phakathi nendawo
• Inhliziyo - ukubuka kwangaphambili
• Ukuqina kwenhliziyo
• I-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• I-Peripartum cardiomyopathy

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UMcKenna WJ, u-Elliott PM. Izifo ze-myocardium ne-endocardium. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 54.

UMcMurray JJV, uPfeffer MA. Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo: ukuphathwa nokubikezela. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 53.

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