I-patent foramen ovale

I-Patent foramen ovale (PFO) imbobo phakathi kwe-atria yangakwesokunxele nangakwesokudla (amakamelo aphezulu) enhliziyo. Lo mgodi ukhona kuwo wonke umuntu ngaphambi kokuzalwa, kepha uvame ukuvalwa ngemuva nje kokuzalwa. I-PFO yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi imbobo lapho yehluleka ukuvalwa ngokwemvelo ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane.

I-foramen ovale ivumela igazi ukuba lizungeze amaphaphu. Amaphaphu engane awasetshenziswa lapho ekhula esibelethweni, ngakho-ke umgodi awubangeli izinkinga enganeni engakazalwa.

Ukuvulwa kufanele kuvalwe ngemuva nje kokuzalwa, kepha kwesinye isikhathi akuvali. Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabane, ukuvulwa akuvalwa. Uma ingavali, ibizwa ngePFO.

Ayaziwa imbangela ye-PFO. Azikho izinto eziyingozi ezaziwayo. Ingatholakala kanye nokunye okungajwayelekile kwenhliziyo okufana ne-atrial septal aneurysms noma inethiwekhi yeChiari.

Izinsana ezine-PFO futhi azikho ezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo azinazo izimpawu. Abanye abantu abadala abane-PFOs nabo baphathwa yikhanda le-migraine.

I-echocardiogram ingenziwa ukuthola i-PFO. Uma i-PFO ingabonakali kalula, udokotela wenhliziyo angenza "isivivinyo se-bubble." Isisombululo se-saline (amanzi anosawoti) sijojowe emzimbeni njengoba udokotela wenhliziyo ebuka inhliziyo kusihloli se-ultrasound (echocardiogram). Uma i-PFO ikhona, kuzobonakala amabhamuza amancane omoya ahamba esuka kwesokudla aye ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo.

Lesi simo asilashwa ngaphandle uma kunezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo, izimpawu, noma uma umuntu ehlaselwe unhlangothi obangelwa yihlule legazi ebuchosheni.

Ukwelashwa kaningi kudinga inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-cardiac catheterization, eyenziwa ngudokotela wenhliziyo oqeqeshiwe ukuze avale unomphela i-PFO. Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile akusasetshenziswa ukwelapha lesi simo ngaphandle kokuthi kwenziwe okunye ukuhlinzwa.

Usana olungenakho okunye ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo luyoba nempilo ejwayelekile nesikhathi sokuphila.

Ngaphandle kokuthi kube nokunye ukukhubazeka, azikho izinkinga ezivela ku-PFO ezimweni eziningi.

Abanye abantu bangaba nesimo esifushane sokuphefumula namazinga aphansi egazi le-oxygen lapho behleli noma bemi. Lokhu kubizwa nge- platypnea-orthodeoxia. Lokhu akuvamile.

Ngokuvamile, abantu abane-PFO bangase babe nezinga eliphakeme lohlobo oluthile lwe-stroke (olubizwa ngokuthi yi-paradoxical thromboembolic stroke). Ekushayweni okuxakayo, ihlule legazi elivela emthanjeni (imvamisa yemilenze yomlenze) liyagqashuka futhi liqonde ohlangothini lokunene lwenhliziyo. Imvamisa, leli hlwili lizoqhubeka liye emaphashini, kepha kumuntu one-PFO, iqhwa lingadlula emgodini liye ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo. Ngemuva kwalokho ingakhishelwa emzimbeni, iye ebuchosheni futhi ibhajwe lapho, ivimbele ukugeleza kwegazi kuya kuleyo ngxenye yobuchopho (stroke).

Abanye abantu bangathatha imishanguzo ukuvimbela amahlule egazi.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma ingane yakho iba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lapho ikhala noma ihamba imithambo, inenkinga yokondla, noma ekhombisa ukukhula okungekuhle.

I-PFO; Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzalwa - i-PFO

• Inhliziyo - isigaba phakathi nendawo

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UTherrien J, Marelli AJ. Isifo senhliziyo esizelwe kubantu abadala. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 61.

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