I-megaloblastic anemia: kuyini, izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-megaloblastic anemia
• Izimbangela eziyinhloko
• Ukwelashwa kufanele kube kanjani

I-megaloblastic anemia uhlobo lwe-anemia olwenzeka ngenxa yokwehla kwenani lokujikeleza kwe-vitamin B2, okungadala ukwehla kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi nokwanda ngosayizi wawo, lapho kutholakala khona amaseli amakhulu abomvu egazi ekuhlolweni kwe-microscopic, futhi kukhona nokwehla kobukhulu bamaseli amhlophe egazi nama-platelets.

Njengakulolu hlobo lwe-anemia ukwehla kwamazinga kavithamini B12, kujwayelekile ukuthi ezinye izimpawu zivele, njengobuhlungu esiswini, ukulahleka kwezinwele kanye nezinguquko ekusebenzeni kwamathumbu, ngezikhathi zokuqunjelwa nohudo.

Kubalulekile ukuthi i-megaloblastic anemia ikhonjwe futhi yelashwe ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-hematologist, okungakhombisa ushintsho emikhubeni yokudla noma i-B12 supplementation, kungaba ngomlomo noma ngqo emthanjeni, ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-megaloblastic anemia.

Izimpawu ze-megaloblastic anemia

Izimpawu ze-megaloblastic anemia zihlotshaniswa kakhulu nokushoda kwe-B12 emzimbeni kanye nokwehla kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi akhiqizwayo futhi ajikelezayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uvithamini B12 uyingxenye yenqubo yokukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu futhi, ekushodeni kwawo, kwenziwa amangqamuzana egazi abomvu amancane.

Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yalokho, kuncishiswa i-hemoglobin egazini, okwenza kube nzima ukuhambisa umoya-mpilo emangqamuzaneni, okuholela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu, okuyinhloko okuyilezi:

• Ukukhathala ngokweqile;
• Ubuthakathaka;
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha;
• Ukulahleka kwezinwele;
• Ukulahleka kwesifiso sokulahlekelwa isisindo;
• Izinguquko ekuhambeni kwamathumbu, ngesifo sohudo noma ukuqunjelwa;
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma isicanucanu;
• Ukufakwa ezandleni noma ezinyaweni;
• Pallor;

Lapho lezi zimpawu zivela, kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nodokotela ojwayelekile noma i-hematologist ukuze izimpawu zihlolwe futhi kuboniswe izivivinyo zokusiza ukuqinisekisa i-megaloblastic anemia, efana nokubalwa kwegazi kanye novithamini B12 egazini.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko

I-Megaloblastic anemia ihlobene namazinga anciphisiwe kavithamini B12, okungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yezinguquko enqubeni yokumunca le vithamini emzimbeni noma ukudla okungalungile. Ngakho-ke, i-megaloblastic anemia ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• I-anaemia ekhathazayo, okwenzeka kubantu abadla inani elanele likavithamini B12, kepha abangenayo iprotheni, ebizwa nge-intrinsic factor, ebopha le vithamini ukuze ikwazi ukungena emzimbeni. Funda kabanzi nge-anemia eyingozi;
• Ukushoda kwe-B12 anemia, okwenzeka lapho umuntu engakudli ukudla okunothe kule vithamini E kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadla imifino kanye namavegan, okuholela ekwakhiweni kwalolu hlobo lwe-anemia.

Kubalulekile ukukhomba uhlobo lwe-anemia ukuze kuboniswe ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu, njengoba kwenzeka endabeni yokushoda kwegazi okuyingozi, ukusetshenziswa okwandisiwe kokudla okunothe ku-vitamin B12, njengezinhlanzi, izinhlanzi zasolwandle, amaqanda, ushizi nobisi, kungahle kungenzeki aphazamise ukukhula kwegazi.

Ukwelashwa kufanele kube kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-megaloblastic anemia kufanele kwenziwe ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela kanye nembangela yokushoda kwegazi. Ngakho-ke, esimweni se-anemia eyingozi, udokotela angancoma umjovo kavithamini B12 nsuku zonke noma ukwengezelwa le vithamini ngomlomo, kuze kube yilapho amazinga ale vithamini emzimbeni elingana futhi namazinga e-hemoglobin egazini esejwayelekile.

Endabeni ye-megaloblastic anemia ngenxa yokushoda kwe-B12, ukwelashwa imvamisa kuqukethe ukuthuthukisa imikhuba yokudla, lapho umuntu kufanele akhethe ukudla okuyimithombo yale vithamini, njengezinhlanzi, ushizi, ubisi nemvubelo kabhiya, ngokwesibonelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isazi sokudla okunempilo noma udokotela naye angancoma ukwengezwa kwale vithamini.

Bona kuvidiyo engezansi ongakudla ukukhulisa amazinga we-B12: