Ukuthula okukhethiwe

I-mutism ekhethiwe yisimo lapho ingane ingakhuluma khona, kodwa ngokungazelelwe iyeke ukukhuluma. Kuvame ukwenzeka esikoleni noma ezindaweni zomphakathi.

I-mutism ekhethiwe ivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5. Imbangela, noma izimbangela, azaziwa. Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi izingane ezinesimo zithola ukuthambekela kokukhathazeka nokuvinjelwa. Iningi lezingane ezine-mutism ekhethiwe zinendlela ethile yokwesaba ngokweqile kwezenhlalo (phobia).

Abazali bavame ukucabanga ukuthi ingane ikhetha ukungakhulumi. Kodwa-ke ezimweni eziningi, ingane ayikwazi ngempela ukukhuluma kuzilungiselelo ezithile.

Ezinye izingane ezithintekile zinomlando womndeni we-mutism okhethayo, amahloni ngokweqile, noma ukuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka, okungakhuphula ingozi yazo ezinkingeni ezifanayo.

Lesi sifo asifani ne-mutism. Ku-mutism ekhethiwe, ingane ingakwazi ukuqonda nokukhuluma, kepha ayikwazi ukukhuluma kuzilungiselelo ezithile noma ezindaweni ezithile. Izingane ezine-mutism azikhulumi.

Izimpawu zifaka:

• Amandla okukhuluma ekhaya nomndeni
• Ukwesaba noma ukukhathazeka eduze kwabantu abangabazi kahle
• Ukungakwazi ukukhuluma ezimweni ezithile zenhlalo
• Amahloni

Le patheni kufanele ibonwe okungenani inyanga engu-1 ukuze ibe yi-mutism ekhethiwe. (Inyanga yokuqala yesikole ayibalwa, ngoba amahloni ajwayelekile ngalesi sikhathi.)

Akukho sivivinyo se-mutism ekhethiwe. Ukuxilongwa kuncike emlandweni womuntu wezimpawu.

Othisha nabeluleki kufanele bacabangele izingqinamba zamasiko, njengokufudukela ezweni elisha nokukhuluma olunye ulimi. Izingane ezingaqiniseki ngokukhuluma ulimi olusha kungenzeka zingafuni ukulusebenzisa ngaphandle kwesizinda esijwayelekile. Lokhu akuyona i-mutism ekhethiwe.

Umlando womuntu we-mutism kufanele futhi ubhekwe. Abantu abake babhekana nokuhlukumezeka bangabonisa ezinye zezimpawu ezifanayo ezibonakala ku-mutism ekhethiwe.

Ukwelapha i-mutism ekhethiwe kubandakanya ukuguquka kokuziphatha. Umndeni wengane nesikole kufanele kubandakanyeke. Imithi ethile elapha ukukhathazeka nokwesaba umphakathi isetshenziswe ngokuphepha nangempumelelo.

Ungathola imininingwane nezinsizakusebenza ngamaqembu wokukhetha we-mutism support.

Izingane ezinalesi sifo zingaba nemiphumela ehlukile. Abanye bangadinga ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa ngamahloni nokukhathazeka komphakathi eminyakeni yobusha, futhi mhlawumbe babe ngabantu abadala.

I-mutism ekhethiwe ingathinta amandla engane okusebenza esikoleni noma kumasethingi omphakathi. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, izimpawu zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma ingane yakho inezimpawu ze-mutism ekhethiwe, futhi ithinta imisebenzi yesikole neyenhlalo.

I-Bostic JQ, i-Prince JB, i-Buxton DC. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwengane nentsha. Ku: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, ama-eds. IMassachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 69.

URosenberg DR, uChiriboga JA. Izinkinga zokukhathazeka. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 38.

I-Simms MD. Ukukhula kolimi nokuphazamiseka kokuxhumana. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 52.