Ukulawulwa kokuzalwa nokuhlela umndeni

Ukukhetha kwakho indlela yokulawula ukubeletha kuncike ezintweni eziningi, kufaka phakathi impilo yakho, ukuthi uya ocansini kangaki, nokuthi ufuna izingane noma cha.

Nayi eminye imibuzo okufanele uyicabangele lapho ukhetha indlela yokulawula ukuzalwa:

• Le ndlela ikuvimbela kanjani kahle ukukhulelwa? Ukutshela indlela esebenza kahle ngayo, bheka inani labakhulelwe kwabesifazane abayi-100 abasebenzisa leyo ndlela esikhathini esingunyaka owodwa.
• Iyini imizwa yakho ngokukhulelwa? Ngabe ukukhulelwa okungahlelwanga kungadala ubunzima noma usizi kowesifazane noma kumlingani wakhe? Noma ngabe ukukhulelwa kungamukelwa uma kwenzeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi obekuhleliwe?
• Kubiza malini indlela yokulawula ukubeletha? Ngabe uhlelo lwakho lomshuwalense luyayikhokhela?
• Ziyini izingozi zezempilo? Khuluma ngalezi zingozi nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokukholelwa kulokho okuzwa kwabanye.
• Ngabe umlingani wakho uzimisele ukwamukela nokusebenzisa indlela enikeziwe yokulawula ukubeletha?
• Ngabe ufuna indlela odinga ukuyisebenzisa kuphela uma uya ocansini? Noma ufuna okuthile okusendaweni futhi okusebenza njalo?
• Ngabe ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okusatshalaliswa ngokuxhumana ngocansi kubalulekile? Izindlela eziningi azikuvikeli ezifweni ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI). Amakhondomu ayindlela engcono yokuvikela izifo ezithathelana ngokocansi. Zisebenza kahle kakhulu uma zihlanganiswe nama-spermicides.
• Ukutholakala: Ingabe le ndlela ingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela, ukuvakashelwa kwabahlinzeki, noma, ezimweni zabancane, imvume yabazali?

IZINDLELA ZOKUTHUTHUKISA UKULAWULWA KOKUZALWA

AMAKHONDOMU:

• Ikhondomu yi-latex encane noma i-polyurethane sheath. Ikhondomu yabesilisa ibekwe izungeze umthondo oqondile. Ikhondomu yabesifazane ifakwa ngaphakathi esithweni sangasese ngaphambi kokuya ocansini.
• Kufanele kufakwe ikhondomu ngaso sonke isikhathi ngesikhathi sokuya ocansini ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa.
• Amakhondomu angathengwa ezitolo eziningi zezidakamizwa nezokudla. Eminye imitholampilo yokuhlela umndeni inikela ngamakhondomu amahhala. Awudingi incwadi kadokotela ukuthola amakhondomu.

I-DIAGRAGM NE-CAP CERVICAL CAP:

• I-diaphragm iyinkomishi yenjoloba eguquguqukayo egcwele ukhilimu we-spermicidal noma i-jelly.
• Ibekwa esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ngaphezu komlomo wesibeletho ngaphambi kocansi, ukuvimbela isidoda ukuthi singafinyeleli esibelethweni.
• Kufanele ishiywe endaweni amahora angu-6 kuya kwangu-8 ngemuva kocansi.
• Ama-diaphragms kumele anikezwe ngumhlinzeki wesifazane. Umhlinzeki uzonquma uhlobo nosayizi ofanele we-diaphragm kowesifazane.
• Cishe ukukhulelwa okungu-5 kuye ku-20 kwenzeka ngaphezu konyaka owodwa kwabesifazane abayi-100 abasebenzisa le ndlela, kuya ngokusetshenziswa okufanele.
• Idivayisi efanayo, encane ibizwa ngokuthi i-cap yomlomo wesibeletho.
• Izingozi zifaka ukucasuka kanye nokungezwani komzimba ne-diaphragm noma i-spermicide, nokwanda kokutheleleka ngomgudu womchamo nokutheleleka kwemvubelo sowesifazane sangasese. Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-toxic shock syndrome ingahle ikhule kubantu besifazane abashiya i-diaphragm isikhathi eside kakhulu. Isigqoko somlomo wesibeletho singadala ukuhlolwa okungajwayelekile kwePap.

ISILWANYANA SESILWANE:

• Izipanji zokuvikela ukukhulelwa zangasese zithambile, futhi ziqukethe ikhemikhali ebulala noma "ekhubaza" isidoda.
• Isipanji simanziswa bese sifakwa esithweni sangasese, ukumboza umlomo wesibeletho ngaphambi kocansi.
• Isipanji sangasese singathengwa ekhemisi lakho ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.

IZINDLELA ZOKUPHILA

Ezinye izindlela zokulawula ukubeletha zisebenzisa ama-hormone.Zizoba nakho kokubili i-estrogen ne-progestin, noma i-progestin iyodwa. Udinga incwadi kadokotela yezindlela eziningi zokulawula ukuzalwa kwamahomoni.

• Womabili la mahomoni avimbela i-ovary yowesifazane ekukhipheni iqanda phakathi nomjikelezo wakhe. Benza lokhu ngokuthinta amazinga amanye amahomoni enza umzimba.
• Ama-progestin asiza ukuvimbela isidoda ukuthi singene eqandeni ngokwenza amafinyila azungeze umlomo wesibeletho sowesifazane awugqinsi futhi anamathele.

Izinhlobo zezindlela zokulawula ukuzalwa kwe-hormonal zifaka:

• Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha: Lokhu kungaqukatha kokubili i-estrogen ne-progestin, noma i-progestin kuphela.
• Izimila: Lezi yizinduku ezincane ezifakwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Bakhipha umthamo oqhubekayo wehomoni ukuvimbela ukuphuma kweqanda.
• Imijovo ye-Progestin, efana neDepo-Provera, enikezwa emisipheni yengalo engenhla noma ezinqeni kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu.
• Isiqephu sesikhumba, njenge-Ortho Evra, sibekwe ehlombe lakho, ezinqeni, noma kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Ikhipha umthamo oqhubekayo wamahomoni.
• Iringi yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, njengeNuvaRing, iyindandatho eguquguqukayo engaba ngamasentimitha ama-2 ububanzi. Ifakwa esithweni sangasese. Ikhipha ama-hormone progestin ne-estrogen.
• Izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo zezimo eziphuthumayo (noma "ekuseni ngemuva"): Lo muthi ungathengwa ngaphandle kadokotela esitolo sakho sezidakamizwa.

IUD (INTRAUTERINE DEVICE):

• I-IUD iyithuluzi elincane lepulasitiki noma elethusi elifakwa ngaphakathi kwesibeletho sowesifazane ngumhlinzeki wakhe. Amanye ama-IUD akhipha inani elincane le-progestin. Ama-IUD angashiywa endaweni yawo iminyaka emithathu kuya kwengu-10, kuya ngedivayisi esetshenzisiwe.
• Ama-IUD angabekwa cishe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
• Ama-IUD aphephile futhi asebenza kahle. Bangaphansi kowesifazane oyedwa kwabayikhulu ngonyaka abazokhulelwa besebenzisa i-IUD.
• Ama-IUD akhipha i-progestin angaba okwelapha ukopha okunzima kokuya esikhathini nokunciphisa amajaqamba. Kungadala nokuthi izinkathi ziyeke ngokuphelele.
  

IZINDLELA ZOKUGCINA ZOKUZALWA KOKUZALWA

Lezi zindlela zingcono kakhulu kwabesilisa, abesifazane, kanye nemibhangqwana ezizwa iqinisekile ukuthi ayifuni ukuba nezingane ngokuzayo. Kubandakanya i-vasectomy ne-tubal ligation. Lezi zinqubo kwesinye isikhathi zingaguqulwa uma ukukhulelwa kufunwa ngokuzayo. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokuphumelela lokuhlehla alikho phezulu.

IZINDLELA ZOKUZALWA KOKUZALWA EZINGASEBENZI KAHLE KAKHULU

• Ukuhoxiswa kwenduku esithweni sangasese ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwesisu kungadala ukukhulelwa. Ezinye izidoda zivame ukuphunyuka ngaphambi kokuhoxa okugcwele. Kunganele ukudala ukukhulelwa.
• Ukuchofoza ngemuva kocansi akunakwenzeka ukuthi kusebenze. Isidoda singenza indlela yaso sidlule umlomo wesibeletho kungakapheli imizuzwana engama-90. I-douching ayikaze inconywe ngoba ingadala ukutheleleka esibelethweni kanye namashubhu.
• Ukuncelisa: Naphezu kwezinganekwane, abesifazane abancelisayo bangakhulelwa.

Ukuvimbela inzalo; Ukuhlela umndeni nokuvimbela inzalo; ICoitus interruptus

• Isigqoko somlomo wesibeletho
• I-diaphragm
• Ikhondomu yabesifazane
• Idivayisi ye-intrauterine
• Ukubukwa kwesigaba sohlelo lwesifazane lokuzala
• Ikhondomu yabesilisa
• Izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ezisekelwe kuHormone
• Ukuhlanganiswa kweTubal
• Indandatho yesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• Izindlela zokuvimbela ukuvimbela ukuzalwa - uchungechunge
• Ngaphambi nangemva kwe-vasectomy
• Tubal ligation - Uchungechunge
• Iphilisi yokulawula inzalo - uchungechunge

I-American College of Obstetricians kanye neGynecologists. I-ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 206: Ukusetshenziswa kokukhulelwa kwe-hormonal kwabesifazane abanezimo zezempilo ezihlalisanayo. Isikhubekiso seGynecol. 2019; 133 (2): 396-399. I-PMID: 30681537 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30681537/.

IKomidi Lokunakekelwa Kwezempilo Kwentsha. Umbono weKomidi No 699: Ukukhulelwa kwentsha, ukuvimbela inzalo, kanye nokwenza ucansi. Isikhubekiso seGynecol. 2017; 129 (5): e142-e149. I-PMID: 28426620 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28426620/.

UCurtis KM, uJatlaoui TC, uTepper NK, et al. Izincomo zomkhuba ezikhethiwe zase-US zokusetshenziswa kwenzalo, 2016. Incoma i-MMWR Rep. 2016; 65 (4): 1-66. I-PMID: 27467319 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27467319/.

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UJatlaoui TC, u-Ermias Y, uZapata LB. Ukuvimbela inzalo. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 143.

URivlin K, Westhoff C. Ukuhlela umndeni. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. I-Gynecology ephelele. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 13.