Izakhi zofuzo

Isakhi sofuzo ucezu olufushane lwe-DNA. Izakhi zofuzo zitshela umzimba ukuthi zakhiwa kanjani amaprotheni athile. Kunezakhi zofuzo ezingaba ngu-20 000 esitokisini ngasinye somzimba womuntu. Ngokubambisana, bakha ipulani lomzimba womuntu nokuthi usebenza kanjani.

Ukwakheka kofuzo komuntu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-genotype.

Izakhi zofuzo zenziwa nge-DNA. Imicu ye-DNA yakha ingxenye yama-chromosomes akho. Ama-Chromosomes anezimbhangqwana ezifanayo zekhophi elilodwa lohlobo oluthile. Isakhi sivela endaweni efanayo kwi-chromosome ngayinye.

Izici zofuzo, ezinjengombala wamehlo, zibalulekile noma zinkulu kakhulu:

• Izici ezivelele zilawulwa yi-1 gene kuma-chromosomes amabili.
• Izici ezivuselelekayo zidinga zombili izakhi zofuzo kwizakhi zofuzo ukuze zisebenze ndawonye.

Izici eziningi zomuntu siqu, njengokuphakama, kunqunywa ngaphezu kofuzo olungu-1. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifo, ezinjenge-sickle cell anemia, zingabangelwa ukushintsha kofuzo olulodwa.

• Ama-Chromosomes ne-DNA

Gene. I-Taber's Medical Dictionary eku-inthanethi. www.tabers.com/tabersonline/view/Tabers-Dictionary/729952/all/gene. Kufinyelelwe ngoJuni 11, 2019.

UNussbaum RL, McInnes RR, uWillard HF. Uhlobo lomuntu: ukwakheka kofuzo nomsebenzi.Ku: Nussbaum RL, McInnes RR, Willard HF, ama-eds. I-Thompson & Thompson Genetics kwezokwelapha. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 3.