Ubuthi bezinambuzane

I-insecticide iyikhemikhali ebulala izimbungulu. Ubuthi bezibulala-zinambuzane benzeka lapho othile egwinya noma ephefumula kule nto noma emunca isikhumba.

Lo mbhalo ungowolwazi kuphela. UNGAYisebenzisi ukwelapha noma ukuphatha ukuvezwa kobuthi uqobo. Uma wena noma umuntu onaye unokuchayeka, shayela inombolo yakho ephuthumayo yasendaweni (njenge-911), noma isikhungo sendawo sakho sobuthi singafinyelelwa ngqo ngokushayela ucingo lwasimahla lwe-Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) kusuka noma yikuphi e-United States.

Iningi leziphunguli zezimbungulu zasendlini linamakhemikhali atholakala ezitshalweni okuthiwa ama-pyrethrins. Lawa makhemikhali ekuqaleni ayehlukanisiwe nezimbali ze-chrysanthemum futhi ngokuvamile ayinabungozi. Kodwa-ke, zingadala izinkinga zokuphefumula ezisongela impilo uma ziphefumulelwa.

Imithi yokubulala izinambuzane enamandla, engasetshenziswa ukushisa okushisa okushisayo noma omunye umuntu ongayigcina egalaji labo, inezinto eziningi eziyingozi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• AmaCarbamates
• Ama-Organophosphates
• Ama-paradichlorobenzenes (ama-mothballs)

Ama-insecticide ahlukahlukene aqukethe la makhemikhali.

Ngezansi kukhona izimpawu zobuthi bezinambuzane ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba.

Izimpawu zobuthi be-pyrethrin:

AMALUNGE NEENDLELA ZENDLELA

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula

UHLELO LWE-NEERVOUS

• I-Coma (ukwehla kwezinga lokwazi nokuntuleka kokuphendula)
• Ukuquleka

ISIKHUMBA

• Ukuthukuthela
• Ububomvu noma ukuvuvukala

Izimpawu ze-organophosphate noma i-carbamate poisoning:

INHLIZIYO NEGAZI

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuhamba kancane

AMALUNGE NEENDLELA ZENDLELA

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukuqhuma

UHLELO LWE-NEERVOUS

• Ukukhathazeka
• I-Coma (ukwehla kwezinga lokwazi nokuntuleka kokuphendula)
• Ukudlikizela (ukuqubuka)
• Isiyezi
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ubuthakathaka

I-BLADDER NEZINYO

• Ukwanda kokuchama

AMEHLO, IZINDLEBE, IKHALA NOMQOLO

• Ukukhipha ngamathe akhuphukile
• Izinyembezi ezengeziwe emehlweni
• Abafundi abancane

ISisu kanye namathumbu

• Amajaqamba esiswini
• Uhudo
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza

ISIKHUMBA

• Izindebe nezinzipho ezinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Qaphela: Ubuthi obuyingozi bungaba khona uma i-organophosphate ingena esikhunjeni sakho esingenalutho noma uma ungagezi isikhumba sakho ngemuva nje kokuba sesifikile kuwe. Inani elikhulu lekhemikhali licwilisa esikhunjeni ngaphandle uma uvikelekile. Ukukhubazeka nokufa okusongela impilo kungenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu.

Izimpawu zobuthi beparadichlorobenzene:

ISisu kanye namathumbu

• Uhudo
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza

IMISIMBA

• Ukudumba kwemisipha

Qaphela: Ama-mothballs eParadichlorobenzene awabuthi kakhulu. Bathathe indawo yezinhlobo ezinobuthi obunamandla kakhulu be-camphor kanye ne-naphthalene.

Thola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. UNGAMENZI umuntu alahle ngaphandle kokuthi ulawule ubuthi noma umnakekeli wezempilo ekutshela ukuthi wenze kanjalo.

Uma ikhemikhali lisesikhunjeni noma emehlweni, gxuma ngamanzi amaningi okungenani imizuzu eyi-15.

Uma umuntu ephefumule kulo shevu, hambisa emoyeni omusha khona lapho.

Lungisa lolu lwazi:

• Iminyaka yomuntu, isisindo, nesimo
• Igama lomkhiqizo (izithako namandla, uma kwaziwa)
• Isikhathi sigwinyiwe
• Inani ligwinyiwe

Isikhungo sakho sendawo sokulawula ubuthi singafinyelelwa ngqo ngokushayela inombolo yocingo yamahhala kazwelonke (1-800-222-1222) kusuka noma yikuphi e-United States. Le nombolo yocingo kazwelonke izokuvumela ukuthi ukhulume nochwepheshe bokufaka ushevu. Bazokunikeza eminye imiyalelo.

Le yisevisi yamahhala futhi eyimfihlo. Zonke izikhungo zokulawula ubuthi e-United States zisebenzisa le nombolo kazwelonke. Kufanele ushaye uma unemibuzo mayelana nobuthi noma ukuvimbela ubuthi. Akudingeki ukuthi kube yisimo esiphuthumayo. Ungashayela nganoma yisiphi isizathu, amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngeviki.

Thatha isiqukathi uhambe naso uye esibhedlela, uma kungenzeka.

Umhlinzeki uzolinganisa futhi aqaphe izimpawu ezibalulekile zomuntu, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, izinga lokuphefumula, nomfutho wegazi.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo
• I-Bronchoscopy - ikhamera ezansi nomphimbo ukubheka ukusha ezindleleni zomoya nasemaphashini
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram), noma ukulandelwa kwenhliziyo
• I-Endoscopy - ikhamera ezansi nomphimbo ukubheka ukusha emqaleni nasesiswini

Ukwelashwa kungafaka:

• Uketshezi ngo-IV (ngomthambo)
• Imithi yokwelapha izimpawu
• Tube ngomlomo ungene esiswini ukukhipha isisu (ukuhlanza esiswini)
• Ukuwashwa kwesikhumba (ukuchelela), mhlawumbe njalo emahoreni ambalwa izinsuku ezimbalwa
• Ukuhlinzwa ukususa isikhumba esishisiwe
• Ukwesekwa kokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi ithubhu engena emlonyeni emaphashini futhi ixhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula (umshini wokuphefumula)

Ukuthi umuntu wenza kahle kangakanani kuya ngokuthi ubuthi ubuthi bukhulu kangakanani nokuthi ukwelashwa kusheshe kutholakale kanjani. Usizo lwezokwelapha olusheshayo lunikezwa, kuba ngcono ithuba lokululama. Ukugwinya la ma-poison kungaba nemiphumela emibi ezingxenyeni eziningi zomzimba.

Kuwuphawu oluhle lokuthi ukululama kuzokwenzeka uma umuntu eqhubeka nokuthuthuka emahoreni amane kuya kwayisithupha okuqala ngemuva kokuthola ukwelashwa.

Yize izimpawu zifana nobuthi be-carbamate ne-organophosphate, kunzima ukululama ngemuva kobuthi be-organophosphate.

Ubuthi be-Organophosphate; Ubuthi beCarbamate

ICannon RD, iRuha AM. Izibulala-zinambuzane, ukubulala ukhula kanye ne-rodenticides. Ku: Adams JG, ed. Imithi Ephuthumayo. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2013: isahluko 146.

UWelker K, Thompson TM. Izibulala-zinambuzane. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 152.