I-Cholangiocarcinoma

I-Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) ukukhula okungajwayelekile komdlavuza (okuyingozi) kwelinye lamapayipi athwala inyongo kusuka esibindini kuya emathunjini amancane.

Imbangela ngqo yeCCA ayaziwa. Kodwa-ke, eziningi zalezi zicubu sezivele sezithuthuke kakhulu ngesikhathi zitholakala.

I-CCA ingaqala noma yikuphi eduze kwemigudu ye-bile. Lezi zicubu zivimba amapayipi enyongo.

Kokubili abesilisa nabesifazane bayathinteka. Iningi labantu lidala kuneminyaka engama-65.

Abantu abanezinkinga zempilo ezilandelayo bangaba namathuba aphezulu okuba ne-CCA:

• Ama-cysts we-Bile duct (choledochal)
• Ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwe-biliary nesibindi
• Umlando wokutheleleka ngezikelemu ezincelisayo, ukuqubuka kwesibindi
• I-primary sclerosing cholangitis
• I-ulcerative colitis

Izimpawu zeCCA zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Umkhuhlane namakhaza
• Izitulo ezinombala wobumba nomchamo omnyama
• Ukulunywa
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla
• Ubuhlungu esiswini esingaphezulu kwesokudla esingakhipha emuva
• Ukwehla kwesisindo
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba (i-jaundice)

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba. Ukuhlolwa kuzokwenziwa ukubheka isimila noma ukuvinjelwa emgudwini wenyongo. Lokhu kungafaka:

• Iskena se-CT esiswini
• I-ultrasound yesisu
• Inqubo esebenzisa ububanzi bokubuka ukubheka ama-bile ducts (ERCP), lapho izicubu zingathathwa futhi zibhekwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi (ikakhulukazi i-alkaline phosphatase noma amazinga we-bilirubin)
• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC)

Inhloso wukwelapha umdlavuza nokuvaleka okuwudalayo. Uma kwenzeka, ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila kuyindlela yokwelashwa oyithandayo futhi kungaholela ekwelapheni. Imvamisa umdlavuza usuvele ususabalale endaweni noma kwenye indawo yomzimba ngesikhathi utholakala. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuhlinzwa ukwelapha umdlavuza akunakwenzeka.

I-Chemotherapy noma i-radiation inganikezwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukunciphisa ubungozi bokubuyela komdlavuza.

Ezimweni ezikhethiwe, ukufakelwa kwesibindi kungazama.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Endoscopic ngokubekwa kwe-stent kungakhulula okwesikhashana ukuvinjelwa emapayipini e-biliary. Lokhu futhi kungakhulula i-jaundice lapho isimila singeke sisuswe.

Ukususa ngokuphelele isimila kuvumela abanye abantu ukuthi basinde benamathuba okuphulukiswa ngokuphelele.

Uma isimila singeke sisuswe ngokuphelele, ukwelashwa ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka. Ngokwelashwa, cishe isigamu sabantu abathintekile baphila unyaka, futhi cishe ingxenye eyodwa baphila isikhathi eside, kepha kuyaqabukela kudlule iminyaka emihlanu.

I-Hospice imvamisa iyinsiza enhle yabantu abane-CCA abangenakulashwa.

Izinkinga zeCCA zifaka:

• Ukutheleleka
• Ukuhluleka kwesibindi
• Spread (metastasis) yesimila kwezinye izitho

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma une-jaundice noma ezinye izimpawu ze-cholangiocarcinoma.

Umdlavuza wamanzi obilisayo

• Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla
• Indlela yeBile

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-Bile duct (cholangiocarcinoma) (PDQ) - inguqulo yezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/liver/hp/bile-duct-treatment-pdq. Kubuyekezwe uSepthemba 23, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngoNovemba 9, 2020.

URajkomar K, uKoea JB. I-intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ku: Jarnagin WR, ed. Ukuhlinzwa kukaBlumgart kwesibindi, iphethini le-Biliary kanye namaPancreas. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 50.

URizvi SH, Gores GJ. Izimila zemibhobho yenyongo, i-gallbladder, ne-ampulla. Ku: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, ama-eds. Sleisenger kanye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 69.