Ukuquleka

Ukubanjwa ukutholakala komzimba noma izinguquko ekuziphatheni okwenzeka ngemuva kwesiqephu somsebenzi kagesi ongajwayelekile ebuchosheni.

Igama elithi "ukuquleka" livame ukusetshenziswa ngokungafani nokuthi "ukudlikizela." Ngesikhathi sokudlikizela umuntu uba nokuthuthumela okungalawuleki okushesha futhi okunesigqi, nemisipha ithinteka futhi iphumule kaninginingi. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuhlukunyezwa. Abanye banezimpawu ezincane ngaphandle kokuthuthumela.

Kungaba nzima ukusho uma othile ehlaselwa yisifo sokuwa. Okunye ukuquleka kubangela ukuthi umuntu abe neziphonso. Lezi zingase zinganakwa.

Izimpawu ezithile zincike ekutheni iyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho ebandakanyekayo. Izimpawu zivele ngokuzumayo futhi zingafaka:

• Ukucishwa okuncane okulandelwa isikhathi sokudideka (umuntu akakwazi ukukhumbula isikhashana)
• Izinguquko ekuziphatheni, njengokukhetha izingubo zomuntu
• Ukukhipha amathe noma ukubhoboza umlomo
• Ukunyakaza kwamehlo
• Ukububula nokububula
• Ukulahlekelwa yisinye noma ukulawulwa kwamathumbu
• Ukushintsha kwemizwelo, njengokuthukuthela okungazelelwe, ukwesaba okungachazeki, ukwethuka, injabulo, noma ukuhleka
• Ukunyakaziswa komzimba wonke
• Ukuwa okungazelelwe
• Ukunambitha ukunambitheka okumunyu noma okusansimbi
• Ukuhlangana kwamazinyo
• Misa okwesikhashana ekuphefumuleni
• Ukuqina kwemisipha okungalawuleki okunemilenze eshwabanayo nejeqeza

Izimpawu zingama ngemuva kwemizuzwana noma imizuzu embalwa, noma ziqhubeke kuze kube yimizuzu engu-15. Kuyaqabukela baqhubeke isikhathi eside.

Umuntu angaba nezimpawu zokuxwayisa ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa, njenge:

• Ukwesaba noma ukukhathazeka
• Isicanucanu
• I-Vertigo (izwa sengathi uyaphotha noma uyahamba)
• Izimpawu ezibonakalayo (njengokukhanya kwamalambu akhanyayo, amabala, noma imigqa ye-wavy phambi kwamehlo)

Ukuquleka kwazo zonke izinhlobo kubangelwa wumsebenzi kagesi ongajwayelekile ebuchosheni.

Izimbangela zokuquleka zingabandakanya:

• Amazinga angajwayelekile we-sodium noma i-glucose egazini
• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho, kufaka phakathi i-meningitis ne-encephalitis
• Ukulimala kobuchopho okwenzeka enganeni ngesikhathi sokubeletha noma sokubeletha
• Izinkinga zobuchopho ezenzeka ngaphambi kokuzalwa (ukukhubazeka kobuchopho bokuzalwa)
• Isigaxa sobuchopho (kuyaqabukela)
• Ukusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa
• Ukushaqeka kukagesi
• Isifo sokuwa
• Umkhuhlane (ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane)
• Ukulimala ekhanda
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukugula okushisa (ukungabekezelelani kokushisa)
• Umkhuhlane omkhulu
• I-Phenylketonuria (PKU), engadala ukuquleka ezinganeni
• Ubuthi
• Izidakamizwa zasemgwaqweni, ezinjenge-angel dust (PCP), i-cocaine, ama-amphetamine
• Unhlangothi
• I-toxemia yokukhulelwa
• Ukwakhiwa kobuthi emzimbeni ngenxa yokwehluleka kwesibindi noma izinso
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme kakhulu (umfutho ophakeme wegazi ophezulu)
• Ukulunywa okulimazayo nokulimaza (njengokulunywa yinyoka)
• Ukuhoxa otshwaleni noma emithini ethile ngemuva kokuyisebenzisa isikhathi eside

Kwesinye isikhathi, asikho isizathu esingatholwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuhlaselwa kwe-idiopathic. Imvamisa zibonakala ezinganeni nasebancane, kepha zingenzeka kunoma yisiphi isikhathi. Kungaba nomlando womndeni wesifo sokuwa noma sokuwa.

Uma ukuquleka kuqhubeka kaninginingi ngemuva kokwelashwa kwenkinga eyimbangela, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi isithuthwane.

Iningi lokuquleka liyazimela. Kepha ngesikhathi sokudlikiza, umuntu angalimala noma alimale.

Lapho ukuquleka kwenzeka, inhloso enkulu ukuvikela umuntu ekulimaleni:

• Zama ukuvimbela ukuwa. Beka umuntu phansi endaweni ephephile. Sula indawo yefenisha noma ezinye izinto ezibukhali.
• Cushion ikhanda lomuntu.
• Khulula izingubo eziqinile, ikakhulukazi entanyeni.
• Jika umuntu ohlangothini lwabo. Uma ukuhlanza kwenzeka, lokhu kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukuhlanza akuphefumulwanga emaphashini.
• Bheka isongo le-ID yezokwelapha ngemiyalo yokuthatha.
• Hlala nalo muntu aze alulame, noma kuze kufike usizo lwezokwelapha.

Izinto abangane namalungu omndeni okungafanele BENZE:

• UNGAMVIMBI (zama ukubamba) umuntu.
• UNGABEKI lutho phakathi kwamazinyo omuntu ngesikhathi sokudlikiza (kufaka phakathi iminwe yakho).
• UNGAZAMI ukubamba ulimi lomuntu.
  
• UNGAMSUSI lowo muntu ngaphandle kokuthi abe sengozini noma eduze kwento enobungozi.
• UNGAZAMI ukwenza umuntu ayeke ukudlikizela. Abanamandla okulawula ukuquleka futhi abazi ukuthi kwenzekani ngaleso sikhathi.
• UNGAMNIKI lutho umuntu ngomlomo kuze kuphele ukudlikizela umuntu avuke ngokuphelele futhi aqaphe.
• UNGAYIQALI i-CPR ngaphandle kokuthi ukubamba sekumile ngokusobala futhi umuntu akaphefumuli noma akanayo i-pulse.

Uma ingane noma ingane iquleka ngesikhathi somkhuhlane omkhulu, pholisa ingane kancane ngamanzi afudumele. UNGAYIBEKI ingane kubhavu obandayo. Shayela umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo yengane yakho bese ubuza ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo. Futhi, buza ukuthi kulungile yini ukunika ingane i-acetaminophen (Tylenol) uma seyiphapheme.

Shayela ku-911 noma inombolo ephuthumayo yendawo uma:

• Kungokokuqala ngqa ukuthi umuntu aquleke
• Ukuquleka kuthatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemibili kuya kwemihlanu
• Umuntu akavuki noma abe nokuziphatha okujwayelekile ngemuva kokuquleka
• Okunye ukuthathwa kwesifo kuqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphela kokuquleka
• Umuntu ubenesifo sokuquleka emanzini
• Umuntu ukhulelwe, ulimele, noma unesifo sikashukela
• Umuntu akanaso isongo le-ID yezokwelapha (imiyalo echaza ukuthi benzeni)
• Kukhona okuhlukile ngalokhu kuthathwa kwesifo ngokuqhathaniswa nokuquleka okujwayelekile komuntu

Bika konke ukuquleka kumhlinzeki womuntu. Umhlinzeki angadinga ukulungisa noma ukushintsha imithi yomuntu.

Umuntu oye waquleka okusha noma okunzima uvamise ukubonwa egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela. Umhlinzeki uzozama ukuxilonga uhlobo lokudlikiza ngokuya ngezimpawu.

Ukuhlolwa kuzokwenziwa ukukhipha ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezibangela ukuquleka noma izimpawu ezifanayo. Lokhu kungafaka ukuphelelwa amandla, ukuhlaselwa yischemic (TIA) noma ukushaywa unhlangothi, ukuhlaselwa ukwethuka, ukuphathwa yikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuphazamiseka kokulala nezinye izimbangela.

Izivivinyo ezinga-odwa zifaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo
• I-CT scan yekhanda noma i-MRI yekhanda
• I-EEG (imvamisa ayikho egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo)
• Ukubhoboza i-Lumbar (umpompi womgogodla)

Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka uma umuntu ene:

• Ukubanjwa okusha ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile
• Isifo sokuwa (ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu udla inani elifanele lomuthi)

Ukuquleka kwesibili; Ukuquleka okusebenzayo; Ukuquleka - okwesibili; Ukuthathwa - kuyasebenza; Ukudlikizela

• Ukulungiswa kwe-aneurysm yobuchopho - ukukhipha
• Isifo sokuwa kubantu abadala - okufanele ubuze udokotela wakho
• Isifo sokuwa ezinganeni - ukukhipha
• Isifo sokuwa ezinganeni - yini ongayibuza udokotela wakho
• Isithuthwane noma isithuthwane - ukukhipha
• Ukuquleka kwefebrile - okufanele ubuze udokotela wakho

• Ukudlikizela - usizo lokuqala - uchungechunge

UKrumholz A, uWiebe S, uGronetheth GS, et al.Umhlahlandlela osuselwa ebufakazini: ukuphathwa kokubanjwa kokuqala kwabantu okungavunyelwe: umbiko weKomidi Elincane Lokuthuthukiswa Kwezinkombandlela zeAmerican Academy of Neurology kanye neAmerican Epilepsy Society. Neurology. 2015; 84 (16): 1705-1713. I-PMID: 25901057 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25901057/.

UMikati MA, Tchapyjnikov D. Ukuquleka ebuntwaneni. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 611.

UMoeller JJ, uHirsch LJ. Ukuxilongwa nokuhlukaniswa kokuquleka nesifo sokuwa. Ku: Winn HR, ed. Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Youmans ne-Winn Neurological. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 61.

URabin E, uJagoda AS. Ukuquleka. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 92.