Umfundi - amabala amhlophe

Amabala amhlophe kumfundi yisimo esenza ukuthi inhlamvu yeso ibukeke imhlophe esikhundleni sokuba mnyama.

Inhlamvu yeso lomuntu ivame ukuba mnyama. Ezithombeni ze-flash umfundi angavela ebomvu. Lokhu kubizwa nge- "red reflex" ngabahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo futhi kuyinto ejwayelekile.

Kwesinye isikhathi, inhlamvu yeso ingahle ibonakale imhlophe, noma i-reflex ejwayelekile ebomvu ingahle ibonakale imhlophe. Lesi akusona isimo esijwayelekile, futhi udinga ukubona umhlinzeki wokunakekelwa kweso ngokushesha.

Kunezimbangela eziningi ezahlukahlukene zomfundi omhlophe noma umhlophe we-reflex. Ezinye izimo nazo zingalingisa umfundi omhlophe. Uma i-cornea, evame ukucaca, iba namafu, ingahle ibukeke ifana nomfundi omhlophe. Yize izimbangela ze-cornea enamafu noma emhlophe yehlukile kuneyomfundi omhlophe noma i-white reflex, lezi zinkinga zidinga nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha khona manjalo.

Ukudonswa amehlo nakho kungenza umfundi abonakale emhlophe.

Izimbangela zalesi simo zingafaka:

• Isifo samajazi - i-exudative retinopathy
• IColoboma
• I-Conarital cataract (ingahle izuzwe njengefa noma ingavela kwezinye izimo, kufaka phakathi i-rubella yokuzalwa, i-galactosemia, i-retrolental fibroplasia)
• Ukuphikelela okuyisisekelo kwe-vitreous okuyisisekelo
• I-Retinoblastoma
• I-Toxocara canis (ukutheleleka okubangelwa i-parasite)
• Uveitis

Izimbangela eziningi zomfundi omhlophe zizokwenza ukuthi umbono unganciphisi. Lokhu kungenzeka kaningi ngaphambi kokuba umfundi abonakale emhlophe.

Ukuthola umfundi omhlophe kubaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni. Izingane azikwazi ukuxhumana nabanye ukuthi umbono wazo uyancipha. Kunzima futhi ukukala umbono wosana ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo.

Uma ubona umfundi omhlophe, shayela umhlinzeki wakho ngokushesha. Izivivinyo zezingane ezihlala njalo zihlola isikrini somfundi omhlophe ezinganeni. Ingane eba nomfundi omhlophe noma i-cornea enamafu idinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha, okungcono kusuka kudokotela wamehlo.

Kubalulekile ukutholakala kusenesikhathi uma inkinga ibangelwa i-retinoblastoma ngoba lesi sifo singabulala.

Thintana nomhlinzeki wakho uma ubona noma yiluphi ushintsho kumbala enhlamvini noma ekoneni yeso.

Umhlinzeki uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba abuze ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wezokwelapha.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kuzofaka ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kwamehlo.

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kungenziwa:

• I-ophthalmoscopy
• Ukuhlolwa kwesibani
• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okujwayelekile
• Ubukhali obubukwayo

Olunye uvivinyo olungenziwa lufaka i-head CT noma i-MRI scan.

I-Leukocoria

• Iso
• Amabala amhlophe kumfundi
• Umfundi omhlophe

UCioffi GA, uLIebmann JM. Izifo zohlelo olubonakalayo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 395.

U-Olitsky SE, uMarsh JD. Ukungajwayelekile komfundi ne-iris. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 640.