Ukuhlolwa kwe-potassium

Lokhu kuhlolwa kukala inani le-potassium engxenyeni ewuketshezi (i-serum) yegazi. I-Potassium (K +) isiza izinzwa nemisipha ukuxhumana. Kuyasiza nokuhambisa umsoco kumaseli nokulahla imikhiqizo ngaphandle kwamaseli.

Amazinga e-potassium emzimbeni alawulwa ikakhulu yi-hormone aldosterone.

Kudingeka isampula yegazi. Isikhathi esiningi igazi likhishwa emthanjeni ongaphakathi endololwaneni noma ngemuva kwesandla.

Imithi eminingi ingaphazamisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi.

• Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokutshela uma kudingeka uyeke ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu kuhlolwa.
• UNGAYIMISI noma ushintshe imithi yakho ngaphandle kokukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho kuqala.

Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obuncane noma isitinyela lapho kufakwa inaliti. Ungase futhi uzizwe ushaywa yisiza ngemuva kokukhishwa kwegazi.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuyingxenye ejwayelekile yephaneli yemethodi eyisisekelo noma ephelele.

Ungaba nalokhu kuhlola ukuthola noma ukuqapha isifo sezinso. Isizathu esivame kakhulu sezinga eliphakeme le-potassium yegazi yisifo sezinso.

I-Potassium ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo.

• Umhlinzeki wakho anga-oda lokhu kuhlolwa uma unezimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma izinkinga zenhliziyo.
• Izinguquko ezincane emazingeni e-potassium zingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwezinzwa nemisipha, ikakhulukazi inhliziyo.
• Amazinga aphansi e-potassium angaholela ekushayeni kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma okunye ukungasebenzi kahle kukagesi kwenhliziyo.
• Amazinga aphezulu abangela ukwehla kwemisipha yenhliziyo.
• Noma yisiphi isimo singaholela ezinkingeni zenhliziyo ezisongela impilo.

Kungenziwa futhi uma umhlinzeki wakho esola i-metabolic acidosis (ngokwesibonelo, ebangelwa yisifo sikashukela esingalawulwa) noma i-alkalosis (ngokwesibonelo, ebangelwa ukuhlanza ngokweqile).

Kwesinye isikhathi, ukuhlolwa kwe-potassium kungenziwa kubantu abahlaselwa ukukhubazeka.

Ububanzi obujwayelekile bungu-3.7 kuya ku-5.2 milliequivalents ilitha ngalinye (mEq / L) 3.70 kuye ku-5.20 millimoles ngelitha ngalinye (millimol / L).

Ububanzi bamanani ajwayelekile bungahluka kancane phakathi kwamalabhorethri ahlukene. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nencazelo yemiphumela yakho ethile yokuhlolwa.

Izibonelo ezingenhla zibonisa izilinganiso ezivamile zemiphumela yalezi zivivinyo. Amanye ama-laboratories asebenzisa izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene noma angahlola izinhlobo ezahlukene.

Amazinga aphezulu e-potassium (hyperkalemia) angabangelwa:

• Isifo i-Addison (esingavamile)
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi
• Imithi ethile efaka i-angiotensin eguqula i-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, i-angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), kanye ne-potassium-sparing diuretics spironolactone, amiloride ne-triamterene
• Ukulimala kwezicubu okuchotshoziwe
• Ukukhubazeka ngezikhathi ezithile
• Hypoaldosteronism (ezingavamile kakhulu)
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso noma ukwehluleka
• I-metabolic noma i-acidosis yokuphefumula
• Ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu
• I-potassium eningi ekudleni kwakho

Amazinga aphansi e-potassium (hypokalemia) angabangelwa:

• Uhudo olubi noma olungamahlalakhona
• I-Cushing syndrome (engavamile)
• Izidakamizwa ezifana ne-hydrochlorothiazide, i-furosemide, ne-indapamide
• I-Hyperaldosteronism
• Ukukhubazeka ngezikhathi ezithile ze-Hypokalemic
• Ayanele i-potassium ekudleni
• I-renal artery stenosis
• I-renal tubular acidosis (engavamile)
• Ukuhlanza

Uma kunzima ukufaka inaliti emthanjeni ukuthatha isampula yegazi, ukulimala kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi kungadala ukuthi kukhishwe i-potassium. Lokhu kungadala imiphumela ephezulu yamanga.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hypokalemia; K +

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Intaba DB. Ukuphazamiseka kwebhalansi ye-potassium. Ku: Skorecki K, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Yu ASL, ama-eds. IBrenner neRector's The Kidney. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 18.

UPatney V, Whaley-Connell A. Hypokalemia kanye ne-hyperkalemia. Ku: Lerma EV, Sparks MA, Topf JM, eds. Izimfihlo ZeNefrology. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 74.

Seifter JR. Izinkinga ze-potassium. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 117.