I-Sigmoidoscopy

I-Sigmoidoscopy inqubo esetshenziselwa ukubona ngaphakathi kwe-sigmoid colon ne-rectum. Ikholoni ye-sigmoid yindawo yamathumbu amakhulu aseduze ne-rectum.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa:

• Ulala ngohlangothi lwakho lwesobunxele uguqe ngamadolo esifubeni.
• Udokotela ubeka ngobumnene umunwe ogqokiwe nowokugcotshwa engxenyeni yakho ukuze ahlole ukuvinjelwa futhi akhulise (yelula) ingquza ngobumnene. Lokhu kubizwa nge-digital rectal exam.
• Okulandelayo, i-sigmoidoscope ibekwa nge-anus. Ububanzi buyishubhu eguquguqukayo enekhamera ekugcineni kwayo. Ububanzi buhanjiswa ngobumnene kukholoni yakho. Umoya ufakwa kukholoni ukukhulisa indawo futhi usize udokotela ukuthi abuke indawo kangcono. Umoya ungadala isifiso sokunyakaza kwamathumbu noma udlulise igesi. Ukudonsa kungasetshenziselwa ukususa uketshezi noma indle.
• Imvamisa, izithombe zibonakala ngencazelo ephezulu kusibuko sevidiyo.
• Udokotela angathatha amasampula wezicubu ngethuluzi elincane le-biopsy noma isicupho sensimbi esincanyana esifakwe esikalini. Ukushisa (i-electrocautery) kungasetshenziselwa ukususa ama-polyps. Izithombe zangaphakathi kwekoloni lakho zingathathwa.

I-Sigmoidoscopy isebenzisa ubukhulu obuqinile ingenziwa ukuphatha izinkinga ze-anus noma i-rectum.

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokutshela ukuthi ungakulungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa. Uzosebenzisa i-enema ukukhipha amathumbu akho. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ihora eli-1 ngaphambi kwe-sigmoidoscopy. Imvamisa, kunganconywa i-enema yesibili noma umhlinzeki wakho angancoma i-laxative ewuketshezi ngobusuku bangaphambilini.

Ekuseni kwenqubo, ungacelwa ukuthi uzile ukudla ngaphandle kwemithi ethile. Qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngalokhu nomhlinzeki wakho kusenesikhathi. Kwesinye isikhathi, ucelwa ukuthi ulandele ukudla okusobala okucacile ngayizolo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukudla okuvamile kuvunyelwe. Futhi, xoxa ngalokhu nomhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kosuku lwakho lokuhlola.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ungazizwa:

• Ingcindezi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamakholomu edijithali noma lapho ubukhulu bufakwa ku-rectum yakho.
• Isidingo sokunyakaza kwamathumbu.
• Ukuqubuka noma ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa umoya noma ukwelula amathumbu yi-sigmoidoscope.

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, umzimba wakho uzodlulisa umoya obufakwe kukholoni yakho.

Izingane zinganikezwa umuthi ozenza zilale kancane (zithambise) le nqubo.

Umhlinzeki wakho angancoma lokhu kuhlolwa ukuze afune imbangela yalokhu:

• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Uhudo, ukuqunjelwa, noma olunye ushintsho emikhubeni yamathumbu
• Igazi, i-mucus, noma i-pus esitokisini
• Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki

Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasetshenziswa futhi uku:

• Qinisekisa okutholakele kolunye uvivinyo noma ama-x-ray
• Isikrini somdlavuza omhlophe noma ama-polyps
• Thatha i-biopsy yokukhula

Umphumela wokuhlolwa ojwayelekile awuzukukhombisa zinkinga ngombala, ukuthungwa, nosayizi wolwelwesi lwe-sigmoid colon, i-rectal mucosa, i-rectum ne-anus.

Imiphumela engajwayelekile ingakhombisa:

• Ama-fissures ama-anal (ukuhlukaniswa okuncane noma ukudabuka kwezicubu ezincane, ezinomswakama ezifaka i-anus)
• Ithumba le-anorectal (ukuqoqwa kobomvu endaweni ye-anus ne-rectum)
• Ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu amakhulu (isifo se-Hirschsprung)
• Umdlavuza
• Ama-polyps amakhemikhali
• I-Diverticulosis (izikhwama ezingavamile emgqeni wamathumbu)
• Ama-hemorrhoids
• Isifo samathumbu esivuthayo
• Ukuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka (i-proctitis ne-colitis)

Kunobungozi obuncane bokugcotshwa kwamathumbu (ukudwengula imbobo) nokopha ezindaweni ze-biopsy. Ingozi ephelele incane kakhulu.

I-sigmoidoscopy eguquguqukayo; I-Sigmoidoscopy - iguquguqukayo; I-Proctoscopy; I-Proctosigmoidoscopy; Sigmoidoscopy eqinile; I-sigmoidoscopy yomdlavuza wamakholoni; Sigmoidoscopy ezimibalabala; I-sigmoidoscopy ebonakalayo; Ukopha emathunjini - sigmoidoscopy; Ukuphuma kwegazi - sigmoidoscopy; Melena - sigmoidoscopy; Igazi esitulweni - sigmoidoscopy; Ama-polyps - i-sigmoidoscopy

• Colonoscopy
• Umdlavuza we-Sigmoid colon - x-ray
• I-Rectal biopsy

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URex DK, uBoland CR, uDominitz JA, et al. Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza we-Colorectal: izincomo zodokotela neziguli ezivela e-U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. NginguJ Gastroenterol. 2017; 112 (7): 1016-1030. I-PMID: 28555630 www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28555630/.

USugumar A, uVargo JJ. Ukulungiselela kanye nezinkinga ze-endoscopy yamathumbu. Ku: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, ama-eds. Sleisenger kanye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 42.