Neutropenia - izinsana

I-Neutropenia yinani eliphansi ngokungajwayelekile lamaseli amhlophe egazi. Lawa maseli abizwa ngokuthi ama-neutrophils. Zisiza umzimba ukulwa nezifo. Lo mbhalo ukhuluma nge-neutropenia ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.

Amaseli egazi amhlophe akhiqizwa emnkantsheni wethambo. Ziyadedelwa zingene egazini futhi zihambe lapho zidingeka khona. Amazinga aphansi ama-neutrophil ayenzeka lapho umnkantsha wethambo ungeke uwafakele ngokushesha okudingekayo.

Ezinsaneni, imbangela evame kakhulu ukutheleleka. Ukutheleleka okunzima kakhulu kungadala ukuthi i-neutrophils isetshenziswe ngokushesha. Kungavimbela nomnkantsha wethambo ekukhiqizeni ama-neutrophil amaningi.

Kwesinye isikhathi, usana olungaguli luzoba nenani eliphansi le-neutrophil ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala. Ezinye izinkinga kumama okhulelwe, njenge-preeclampsia, nazo zingaholela kwi-neutropenia ezinganeni.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, omama bangaba nama-antibody ngokumelene nama-neutrophils ezingane zabo. La ma-antibody awela i-placenta ngaphambi kokuzalwa futhi abangela ukuthi amaseli engane aqhekeke (alloimmune neutropenia). Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, inkinga ngomnkantsha wethambo wengane kungaholela ekwehliseni ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi.

Isampula elincane legazi lengane lizothunyelwa elabhorethri ngenani eliphelele legazi (CBC) nokwehluka kwegazi. I-CBC iveza inani nohlobo lwamaseli egazini. Umehluko usiza ukunquma inani lezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamaseli amhlophe egazi kusampula yegazi.

Umthombo wanoma yikuphi ukutheleleka kufanele utholakale futhi welashwe.

Ezimweni eziningi, i-neutropenia iyazihambela yodwa njengoba umnkantsha ululama futhi uqala ukukhiqiza amaseli egazi amhlophe anele.

Ezimweni ezingavamile lapho isibalo se-neutrophil siphansi ngokwanele ukuba sisongele impilo, kunganconywa ukwelashwa okulandelayo:

• Imithi yokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi
• Ama-antibody avela kumasampuli egazi anikelwe (i-immune globulin efakwa emithanjeni)

Umbono wengane uncike embangela ye-neutropenia. Ezinye izifo nezinye izimo ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa zingasongela impilo. Kodwa-ke, izifo eziningi azibangeli imiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside ngemuva kokuthi i-neutropenia ihambile noma yelashwa.

I-Alloimmune neutropenia nayo izobangcono uma amasosha omzimba omama esephumile egazini lengane.

• Ama-neutrophils

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I-Koenig JM, i-Bliss JM, iMariscalco MM. Imvelo ejwayelekile nengavamile ye-neutrophil enganeni esanda kuzalwa. Ku: Polin RA, Abman SH, Rowitch DH, Benitz WE, Fox WW, ama-eds. I-Fetal ne-Neonatal Physiology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 126.

I-Letterio J, Ahuja S. Izinkinga ze-Hematologic. Ku: UFanaroff AA, uFanaroff JM, ama-eds. UKlaus noFanaroff's Care of the High-Risk Neonate. Umhla wesi-7. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 16.