Mastoiditis: kuyini, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ziyini izimbangela
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Izinkinga ezingenzeka

I-Mastoiditis ukuvuvukala kwethambo le-mastoid, eliseqophelweni eliphezulu elitholakala ngemuva kwendlebe, futhi livame kakhulu ezinganeni, yize lingathinta abantu bayo yonke iminyaka yobudala. Ngokuvamile, i-mastoiditis yenzeka ngenxa yenkinga ye-otitis media, lapho amagciwane abangela ukutheleleka asabalala ngale kwendlebe futhi afinyelele ethanjeni.

Ukutheleleka nge-Mastoid kubangela ukuvuvukala okukhulu ethanjeni, okubangela ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu ethanjeni elingemva kwendlebe, ngaphezu komkhuhlane kanye nokukhishwa komhluzi. Ezimweni zezimpawu ezikhombisa i-mastoiditis, ukuhlolwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile, udokotela wezingane noma i-otolaryngologist kuyadingeka, ukuze ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kuqalwe ngokushesha okukhulu, kugwenywe izinkinga ezifana nokwakheka kwethumba nokubhujiswa kwamathambo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ze-mastoiditis zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo nobunzima, endlebeni nasesifundeni esiseduze nendlebe;
• Ukubomvu nokuvuvukala esifundeni ngemuva kwendlebe;
• Ukwakheka kwesigaxa ngemuva kwendlebe, esifana nesigaxa, esingadidaniswa nezinye izimbangela. Thola ukuthi yiziphi izimbangela ezinkulu zesigaxa ngemuva kwendlebe;
• Imfiva;
• Ukukhishwa okuphuzi kusuka endlebeni;
• Kungancipha kancane kancane emandleni okuzwa, kokubili ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwemfihlo, nangenxa yokukhubazeka kwendlebe nezinye izinhlaka ezibhekele ukuzwa.

I-mastoiditis eyi-acute iyindlela ejwayelekile yokwethulwa, kodwa-ke, ibuye ibe nefomu elingapheli, elinokuvela okuhamba kancane kanye nezimpawu ezinzima.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, udokotela kufanele ahlole izimpawu, ahlole indlebe futhi, uma kunesidingo, a-oda izivivinyo zokucabanga njenge-computed tomography. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhomba ibhaktheriya elibanga ukutheleleka, kungaqoqwa amasampula endlebe.

Ziyini izimbangela

Ngokuvamile, i-mastoiditis ivela ngenxa ye-acute otitis media engakaze yelashwe noma iphathwe kabi, okungenzeka uma usebenzisa imithamo engalungile, ukumisa ukusetshenziswa ngaphambi kwesikhathi esibonisiwe noma lapho i-antibiotic esetshenzisiwe inganele ukuqeda i-microorganism causer , Ngokwesibonelo.

Izilwanyana ezincane ezivame ukudala lolu hlobo lokutheleleka yilezi I-Staphylococcus pyogenes, S. pneumoniae futhi S. aureus, ezikwazi ukusabalala zisuke endlebeni zifinyelele emathanjeni.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-mastoiditis kuqondiswa yi-otorhinolaryngologist, futhi kuvame ukwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic emithanjeni, njengeCeftriaxone, ngokwesibonelo, cishe amasonto amabili.

Uma kukhona ukwakheka kwethumba noma uma kungekho ukuthuthuka komtholampilo ngokusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic, ukudonsa kwemfihlo kungakhonjiswa ngenqubo ebizwa nge-myringotomy noma, ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuvula i-mastoid.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

I-mastoiditis enamandla kakhulu noma engaphathwanga kahle ingadala:

• Izithulu;
• Meningitis;
• Amathumba obuchopho;
• Ukutheleleka okuhanjiswa ngegazi, okwaziwa nge-sepsis.

Uma kubangela izinkinga, kusho ukuthi i-mastoiditis ibucayi kakhulu futhi idinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo ezingeni lesibhedlela, ngaphandle kwalokho, ingadala nokufa.