Ukushoda kukaVitamin K okusaphaza usana olusanda kuzalwa

Ukopha kweVitamin K (VKDB) kwengane esanda kuzalwa kuyinkinga yokopha ezinganeni. Kuvame ukukhula ezinsukwini zokuqala nasemavikini okuphila.

Ukuntuleka kukavithamini K kungadala ukopha okukhulu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. UVitamin K ubamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekunqandeni igazi.

Izingane zivame ukuba nezinga eliphansi levithamini K ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Uvithamini K awuhambi kalula unqamula i-placenta usuka kumama uye enganeni. Ngenxa yalokho, umntwana osanda kuzalwa akanalo uvithamini K omningi ogcinwe lapho ezalwa. Futhi, amabhaktheriya asiza ukwenza uvithamini K awakabi khona emkhakheni wamathumbu osana olusanda kuzalwa. Ekugcineni, abukho uvithamini K omningi obisini lukamama.

Ingane yakho ingahle ihlakulele lesi simo uma:

• Ukudubula okuvikela u-vitamin K akunikezwa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa (uma uvithamini K enikezwa ngomlomo esikhundleni sokudutshulwa, kufanele anikezwe ngaphezu kwesisodwa, futhi akubonakali kusebenza njengokudutshulwa).
• Uthatha imishanguzo ethile yokulwa nokubanjwa noma yokuncipha kwegazi.

Isimo sihlelwe ngezigaba ezintathu:

• Ukuqala kokuqala kwe-VKDB akuvamile. Kwenzeka phakathi namahora okuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa nangaphakathi kwamahora angama-48. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa nokuquleka noma eminye imithi, kubandakanya ne-thinner yegazi ebizwa nge-Coumadin, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Isifo esiqala ngqangi senzeka phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-2 kuya kwezi-7 ngemuva kokuzalwa. Kungabonakala ezinganeni ezinceliswe ibele ezingazange zithole i-vitamin K edutshulwe phakathi nesonto lokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa, njengalezo okondliwa kwazo okulibazisekile ekuqaleni. Kuyivelakancane futhi.
• Ukuqala kwesikhathi i-VKDB kubonakala ezinganeni eziphakathi kwamasonto amabili nezinyanga ezimbili ubudala. Kujwayelekile kakhulu ezinganeni ezingazange zithole i-vitamin K shot.

Izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa nezinsana ezinezinkinga ezilandelayo ezibandakanya uhlelo lwesisu nazo zinamathuba amaningi okuba nalesi sifo:

• Ukushoda kwe-Alpha1-antitrypsin
• I-biliary atresia
• Isifo seCeliac
• ICystic fibrosis
• Uhudo
• Isibindi

Isimo sidala ukopha. Izindawo ezivame kakhulu ukopha zifaka:

• Umthondo womfana, uma esokiwe
• Indawo yenkinobho yeBelly
• Ipheshana lesisu (okuholela egazini ekunyakazeni kwamathumbu engane)
• Ulwelwesi lwamafinyila (njengolwelwesi lwekhala nomlomo)
• Izindawo lapho kube khona induku yenaliti

Kungabuye kube khona:

• Igazi emchameni
• Ukulimaza
• Ukudlikizela (ukudlikizela) noma isimilo esingajwayelekile

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuzokwenziwa.

Ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa uma i-vitamin K shot idonsa ukuphuma kwegazi nesikhathi sokuvala igazi (isikhathi se-prothrombin) ngokushesha iba yinto ejwayelekile. (Ngokushoda kukavithamini K, isikhathi seprothrombin asijwayelekile.)

U-Vitamin K unikezwa uma kwenzeka ukopha. Izingane ezinegazi elibi zingadinga ukufakwa i-plasma noma ukumpontshelwa igazi.

Umbono ujwayele ukuba mubi kakhulu ezinganeni ezinezifo ezibulala ukopha sekwedlule isikhathi kunezinye izinhlobo. Kukhona izinga eliphakeme lokuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi kogebhezi (ukopha okungaphakathi emzimbeni) okuhambisana nesimo sokuqala ukufika sekwedlule isikhathi.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukopha ngaphakathi kogebhezi (ukopha ngaphakathi), nokulimala kobuchopho okungenzeka
• Ukufa

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma ingane yakho ine:

• Noma yikuphi ukopha okungachazeki
• Ukuquleka
• Ukuziphatha kwesisu

Thola ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha uma izimpawu zinzima.

Isimo sokuqala kwalesi sifo singavinjelwa ngokunikeza ama-vitamin K shots kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abathatha imishanguzo yokulwa nokudla. Ukuvimbela amafomu akudala nawokufika sekwephuzile, iAmerican Academy of Pediatrics incoma ukuthi zonke izingane zinikezwe uvithamini K ngokushesha nje emva kokuzalwa. Ngenxa yalo mkhuba, ukushoda kukavithamini K manje sekuyivelakancane e-United States ngaphandle kwalabo bantwana abangatholi ivithamini K shot.

Isifo sokopha kwengane esanda kuzalwa (i-HDN)

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Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvikelwa Kwezifo (CDC). Amanothi avela emkhakheni: ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin K sekwephuzile ukopha ezinganeni ezinabazali bazo ezinqabile i-vitamin K prophylaxis - Tennessee, 2013. IMMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013; 62 (45): 901-902. I-PMID: 24226627 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24226627.

IGreenbaum LA. Ukushoda kukaVitamin K. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 66.

IKliegman RM, iSt. Geme JW, iBlum NJ, i-Shah SS, iTasker RC, iWilson KM. Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 66.

USankar MJ, Chandrasekaran A, Kumar P, Thukral A, Agarwal R, Paul VK. I-Vitamin K prophylaxis yokuvimbela ukuphuma kwegazi ku-vitamin K: ukubuyekeza okuhlelekile. UJ Perinatol. 2016; 36 Isilinganiso 1: S29-S35. I-PMID: 27109090 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27109090.