Ukukhulelwa nomkhuhlane

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kunzima amasosha omzimba omzimba ukulwa nezifo. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi owesifazane okhulelwe abe sethubeni lokuba nomkhuhlane nezinye izifo.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe banamathuba amaningi okuthi kunabesifazane abangakhulelwe abaneminyaka yabo yokugula uma bethola umkhuhlane. Uma ukhulelwe, udinga ukuthatha izinyathelo ezikhethekile ukuze uhlale uphilile ngesikhathi somkhuhlane.

Le ndatshana ikunikeza imininingwane ngomkhuhlane nokukhulelwa. Akusiyo indawo yezeluleko zezokwelapha ezivela kumhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Uma ucabanga ukuthi unomkhuhlane, kufanele uxhumane nehhovisi lomhlinzeki wakho khona manjalo.

ZIYINI IZIMPAWU ZOKUPHUPHULA NGESIKHATHI SOKUKHULELWA?

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane ziyefana kuwo wonke umuntu futhi zifaka:

• Khwehlela
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• Iphunga eligijimayo
• Umkhuhlane ka-100 ° F (37.8 ° C) noma ngaphezulu

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu bomzimba
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ukukhathala
• Ukuhlanza, nohudo

INGABE KUFANELE NGIYITHOLE IVIKI LOMFUTSHANE UMA NGikhulelwe?

Uma ukhulelwe noma ucabanga ngokukhulelwa, kufanele uthole umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane. I-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ibheka abesifazane abakhulelwe besengozini enkulu yokuthola umkhuhlane nokuthuthukisa izinkinga ezihlobene nomkhuhlane.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe abathola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane bagula kancane. Ukuthola isimo esincane somkhuhlane ngokuvamile akulimazi. Kodwa-ke, umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ungavimbela izimo ezinzima zomkhuhlane ezingalimaza umama nengane.

Imishanguzo yemikhuhlane iyatholakala emahhovisi amaningi abahlinzeki nasemitholampilo yezempilo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemigomo yokugomela umkhuhlane: umkhuhlane udutshulwe nomuthi wokugomela impumulo.

• Ukudutshulwa komkhuhlane kunconyelwe abesifazane abakhulelwe. Iqukethe amagciwane abulewe (angasebenzi). Awukwazi ukuthola umkhuhlane kulo mgomo.
• Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane wohlobo lwamakhala awuvunyelwe abesifazane abakhulelwe.

KULUNGILE ukuthi owesifazane okhulelwe abe seduze kothile osethole umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane wamakhala.

INGABE UMVANGO WOKULIMA UMNTWANA WAMI?

Inani elincane le-mercury (elibizwa ngokuthi i-thimerosal) liyisilondolozi esivamile emithini yokugoma i-multidose. Ngaphandle kokukhathazeka okuthile, imigomo equkethe le nto ayikhonjiswanga ukuthi ibangele i-autism noma ukunakekelwa kokushoda kokungasebenzi kahle.

Uma unenkinga nge-mercury, cela umhlinzeki wakho mayelana nomuthi wokugoma ongenawo umuthi. Yonke imishanguzo ejwayelekile iyatholakala ngaphandle kwe-thimerosal eyengeziwe. I-CDC ithi abesifazane abakhulelwe bangathola imishanguzo yomkhuhlane kungaba noma nge-thimerosal.

KUTHIWANI NGEMIPHUMELA YOKUHLULEKA KWEVANGI?

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yomuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane imnene, kepha ingafaka:

• Ububomvu noma ubumnene lapho kunikezwe khona isibhamu
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha
• Imfiva
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza

Uma kwenzeka imiphumela emibi, ivame ukuqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokudubula. Zingahlala izinsuku ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2. Uma zihlala isikhathi eside kunezinsuku ezi-2, kufanele ushayele umhlinzeki wakho.

NGIYIPHATHA KANJANI I-FLU UMA NGikhulelwe?

Ochwepheshe bancoma ukuthi belaphe abesifazane abakhulelwe abanezifo ezinjengomkhuhlane ngokushesha okukhulu ngemuva kokuthola izimpawu.

• Ukuhlolwa akudingeki kubantu abaningi. Abahlinzeki akufanele balinde imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kuvame ukutholakala emitholampilo yokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo nasemahhovisi abahlinzeki.
• Kungcono ukuqala imishanguzo yokulwa namagciwane ngaphakathi kwamahora angama-48 okuqala okuba nezimpawu, kepha ama-antivirals nawo angasetshenziswa ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi. I-75 mg capsule ye-oseltamivir (Tamiflu) kabili ngosuku izinsuku ezinhlanu iyona antiviral yokuqala enconywayo.

INGABE IMITHI YOKUPHILA IZOKULIMA INGANE YAMI?

Ungakhathazeka ngemithi elimaza ingane yakho. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi kunezingozi ezinkulu uma ungatholi ukwelashwa:

• Ekuqubekeni komkhuhlane owedlule, abesifazane abakhulelwe ababephilile ngenye indlela babenamathuba amaningi kunalabo ababengakhulelwe ukuba bagule kakhulu noma bafe.
• Lokhu akusho ukuthi bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe bazoba nokutheleleka okunzima, kepha kunzima ukuqagela ukuthi ngubani oyogula kakhulu. Abesifazane abagula kakhulu ngomkhuhlane bazoba nezimpawu ezincane ekuqaleni.
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe bangagula kakhulu ngokushesha okukhulu, noma ngabe izimpawu azizimbi ekuqaleni.
• Abesifazane abahlakulela imfiva ephezulu noma i-pneumonia basengozini enkulu yokuthola umsebenzi ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukubeletha nokunye ukulimala.

INGABE NGIDINGA ISIDAKAMIZWA SOKUPHILA UMA NGIKE NGAZUNGWA UMUNTU NGE-FLU?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uthole umkhuhlane uma usondelene kakhulu nomuntu osuvele unawo.

Vala oxhumana naye usho:

• Ukudla noma ukuphuza ngezitsha ezifanayo
• Ukunakekela izingane ezigula ngumkhuhlane
• Ukuba seduze kwamaconsi noma uketshezi oluvela kumuntu othimulayo, okhwehlelayo, noma onekhala eligobayo

Uma uke waba seduze komuntu onomkhuhlane, buza umhlinzeki wakho uma udinga umuthi olwa namagciwane.

YIZIPHI IZINHLOBO ZEMITHI EBANDAYO ENGAYITHATHELA IFU FUTHI UMA NGikhulelwe?

Imithi eminingi ebandayo iqukethe izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zemithi. Ezinye zingaphepha kunezinye, kepha azikho ezifakazelwa ukuthi zingu-100% eziphephile. Kungcono ukugwema imishanguzo ebandayo, uma kungenzeka, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4 zokuqala zokukhulelwa.

Izinyathelo ezinhle kakhulu zokuzinakekela uma uphethwe umkhuhlane zihlanganisa ukuphumula nokuphuza iziphuzo eziningi, ikakhulukazi amanzi. I-Tylenol ivame kakhulu ukuphepha kumithamo ejwayelekile yokudambisa izinhlungu noma ukungaphatheki kahle. Kungcono ukukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ebandayo ngenkathi ukhulelwe.

YINI ENGINGAYENZA UKUZIVIKELA NOMNTWANA WAMI EFLU?

Kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukusiza ukuzivikela wena nengane yakho engakazalwa emkhuhlaneni.

• Kufanele ugweme ukwabelana ngokudla, izitsha, noma izinkomishi nabanye.
• Gwema ukuthinta amehlo, ikhala, nomphimbo.
• Geza izandla zakho njalo, usebenzisa insipho namanzi afudumele.

Phatha i-sanitizer ngesandla, bese uyisebenzisa lapho ungakwazi ukugeza ngensipho namanzi.

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IKomidi Lokuzijwayeza Kokubelethisa Nokugoma kanye Nezifo Ezikhulayo Zezifo Zengcweti, I-American College of Obstetricians kanye neGynecologists. Umbono weKomidi le-ACOG cha. 732: Ukugoma umkhuhlane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Isikhubekiso seGynecol. 2018; 131 (4): e109-e114. I-PMID: 29578985 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29578985.

UFiore AE, uFry A, uShay D, et al; Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvikelwa Kwezifo (CDC). Ama-antiviral agents for the treatment and chemoprophylaxis of influenza - izincomo zeKomidi Elilulekayo Lemikhuba Yokugoma (ACIP). Incoma i-MMWR Rep. 2011; 60 (1): 1-24. I-PMID: 21248682 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21248682.

I-Ison MG, iHayden FG. Umkhuhlane. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 340.