Ukudlula ngokweqile kweMethamphetamine

IMethamphetamine yisidakamizwa esikhuthazayo. Uhlobo oluqinile lomuthi luthengiswa ngokungemthetho emigwaqweni. Uhlobo olubuthakathaka kakhulu lomuthi lusetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo se-narcolepsy kanye ne-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Leli fomu elibuthakathaka lithengiswa njengemithi kadokotela. Imithi esetshenziswa ngokusemthethweni ukwelapha izimpawu ezibandayo, njengama-decongestants, ingenziwa i-methamphetamines.Amanye amakhemikhali ahlobene afaka i-MDMA, ('ecstasy', 'Molly,' 'E'), MDEA, ('Eve'), ne-MDA, ('Sally,' 'sass').

Lo mbhalo ugxile esidakamizweni esingekho emthethweni semithi. Isidakamizwa sasemgwaqweni ngokuvamile siyimpuphu emhlophe efana nekristalu, ebizwa nge "crystal meth." Le mpuphu ingakhishwa emakhaleni, ibheme, igwinywe, noma incibilikiswe ngomjovo.

Ukweqiwa ngokweqile kwe-methamphetamine kungaba kubi (kungazelelwe) noma kungapheli (isikhathi eside).

• Ukweqisa ngokweqile kwe-methamphetamine kwenzeka lapho othile ethatha lesi sidakamizwa ngengozi noma ngenhloso futhi enemiphumela emibi. Le miphumela emibi ingasongela impilo.
• Ukweqiwa izidakamizwa okungapheli kwe-methamphetamine kubhekisa emiphumeleni yezempilo kumuntu osebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa njalo.

Ukulimala ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwe-methamphetamine ngokungemthetho noma ukuhlasela kwamaphoyisa kufaka phakathi ukuvezwa kwamakhemikhali ayingozi, kanye nokusha nokuqhuma. Konke lokhu kungadala ukulimala nemibandela ebucayi, esongela impilo.

Lokhu kwenzelwa imininingwane kuphela hhayi ukusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa noma ukuphathwa kokweqisa ngokweqile kwangempela. Uma une-overdose, kufanele ushayele inombolo yakho yendawo ephuthumayo (njenge-911) noma iNational Poison Control Center ku-1-800-222-1222.

I-Methamphetamine

IMethamphetamine iyisidakamizwa esivamile, esingekho emthethweni, esithengiswa emigwaqweni. Kungabizwa ngokuthi i-meth, i-crank, isivinini, i-crystal meth ne-ice.

Uhlobo olubuthakathaka kakhulu lwe-methamphetamine luthengiswa njengomuthi kadokotela onegama lomkhiqizo elithi Desoxyn. Ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-narcolepsy. I-Adderall, igama lomkhiqizo eliqukethe i-amphetamine, isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-ADHD.

IMethamphetamine ivame ukudala umuzwa wokuphila kahle (euphoria) ovame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ukugijimela." Ezinye izimpawu ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo, ukukhuphuka kwengcindezi yegazi, nabafundi abakhulu, ababanzi.

Uma uthatha inani elikhulu lomuthi, uzoba sengozini enkulu yemiphumela emibi eyingozi, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuyaluza
• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• I-Coma noma ukungaphenduli (ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu)
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma okumisiwe
• Kunzima ukuphefumula
• Ukushisa komzimba okuphezulu kakhulu
• Ukulimala kwezinso mhlawumbe nokuhluleka kwezinso
• I-Paranoia
• Ukuquleka
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Unhlangothi

Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe-methamphetamine kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zengqondo, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuziphatha okukhohlisayo
• I-paranoia eyedlulele
• Ukushintsha kwemizwelo okukhulu
• Ukuqwasha (ukungakwazi ukulala kanzima)

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• Amazinyo alahlekile futhi abolile (abizwa ngokuthi "umlomo we-meth")
• Izifo eziphindaphindiwe
• Ukwehla kwesisindo okukhulu
• Izilonda zesikhumba (amathumba noma amathumba)

Ubude besikhathi semethamphetamine sokuhlala busebenza bungaba bude kakhulu kunecocaine nezinye izikhuthazi. Okunye ukukhohlisa okuphambene nomqondo kungahlala amahora ayi-15.

Uma ukholwa ukuthi othile uthathe i-methamphetamine futhi unezimpawu ezimbi, bathole usizo lwezokwelapha khona manjalo. Thatha ukuqaphela okukhulu lapho ubazungezile, ikakhulukazi uma bebonakala bejabule ngokweqile noma behlanya.

Uma behlaselwa, bamba ngobumnene emuva kwekhanda labo ukuvimbela ukulimala. Uma kunokwenzeka, phendulela ikhanda labo ohlangothini uma kwenzeka luphalaza. UNGAZAMI ukuvimba izingalo nemilenze yabo ekuqhaqhazeni, noma ukufaka noma yini emlonyeni wabo.

Ngaphambi kokucela usizo oluphuthumayo, lungisa lolu lwazi uma kungenzeka:

• Iminyaka yomuntu kanye nesisindo somuntu
• Ngakanani umuthi owathathwa?
• Sithathwe kanjani lesi sidakamizwa? (Isibonelo, ngabe kwabhenywa noma kwashunqiswa?)
• Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani lo muntu ethathe umuthi?

Uma isiguli sithatha kanzima, siba nodlame, noma sinenkinga yokuphefumula, ungalibali. Shayela inombolo yakho yendawo ephuthumayo (njenge-911).

Isikhungo sakho sendawo esinoshevu singafinyelelwa ngqo ngokushayela inombolo yocingo yamahhala kazwelonke engakhokhelwa (1-800-222-1222) kusuka noma yikuphi e-United States. Le nombolo yocingo kazwelonke izokuvumela ukuthi ukhulume nochwepheshe ekufakeleni ubuthi. Bazokunikeza eminye imiyalelo.

Le yisevisi yamahhala futhi eyimfihlo. Zonke izikhungo zokulawula ubuthi e-United States zisebenzisa le nombolo kazwelonke. Kufanele ushaye uma unemibuzo mayelana nobuthi noma ukuvimbela ubuthi. Akudingeki ukuthi kube yisimo esiphuthumayo. Ungashayela nganoma yisiphi isizathu, amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngeviki.

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzolinganisa futhi aqaphe izimpawu ezibalulekile zomuntu, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, izinga lokuphefumula, nomfutho wegazi. Izimpawu zizophathwa ngendlela efanele. Umuntu angathola:

• Kwenziwe amalahle ne-laxative, uma umuthi usanda kuthathwa ngomlomo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo.
• Ukuxhaswa kokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi i-oxygen. Uma kudingeka, lowo muntu angabekwa emshinini wokuphefumula onephubhu emlonyeni ngomphimbo.
• I-x-ray yesifuba uma umuntu ephalaza noma ephefumula ngendlela engajwayelekile.
• Iskena se-CT (computerised tomography) (uhlobo lokucabanga okuthuthukile) kwekhanda, uma kusolwa ukulimala ekhanda.
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram, noma ukulandelwa kwenhliziyo).
• Uketshezi olufakwa ngaphakathi (ngokusebenzisa umthambo) imithi yokwelapha izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu, ukukhathazeka, ukudinwa, isicanucanu, isithuthwane, nomfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Ukuhlolwa kobuthi kanye nezidakamizwa (toxicology).
• Eminye imithi noma imishanguzo yezinkinga zenhliziyo, ubuchopho, imisipha nezinso.

Ukuthi umuntu wenza kahle kangakanani kuya ngenani lomuthi awuphuzile nokuthi welashwe ngokushesha kangakanani. Ngokushesha lapho umuntu ethola usizo lwezempilo, aba maningi amathuba okuba alulame.

I-Psychosis ne-paranoia ingahlala unyaka owodwa, noma ngabe ukwelashwa okunolaka. Ukulahleka kwememori nobunzima bokulala kungahlala unomphela. Ukushintsha kwesikhumba nokulahleka kwamazinyo kungokwaphakade ngaphandle kokuthi umuntu ahlinzwe izimonyo ukulungisa izinkinga. Ukukhubazeka okuqhubekayo kungenzeka uma umuntu ehlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi. Lokhu kungenzeka uma umuthi ubanga umfutho wegazi ophakeme kakhulu namazinga okushisa omzimba. Ukutheleleka kanye nezinye izinkinga ezithweni ezifana nenhliziyo, ubuchopho, izinso, isibindi nomgogodla, kungenzeka ngenxa yomjovo. Kungahle kube nokulimala okungapheli ezithweni noma ngabe umuntu uthola ukwelashwa. Ama-antibiotic asetshenziselwa ukwelapha lezi zifo nawo angaholela ezinkingeni.

Umbono wesikhathi eside uncike ekutheni yiziphi izitho ezithintekayo. Ukulimala okungapheli kungahle kwenzeke, okungadala:

• Ukuquleka, isifo sohlangothi nokukhubazeka
• Ukukhathazeka okungapheli kanye ne-psychosis (ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwengqondo)
• Ukwehla kokusebenza kwengqondo
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso okudinga i-dialysis (umshini wezinso)
• Ukubhujiswa kwemisipha, okungaholela ekunqunyweni komzimba

Ukweqisa izidakamizwa okukhulu kwe-methamphetamine kungadala ukufa.

Ukudakwa - ama-amphetamine; Ukudakwa - phezulu; Ukudakwa kwe-Amphetamine; Ukweqisa izidakamizwa ngaphezulu; Ukweqisa izidakamizwa - methamphetamine; Ukweqisa ngokweqile crank; Ukweqisa izidakamizwa kweMeth; I-Crystal meth overdose; Isivinini ukweqisa izidakamizwa; Ukudlula ngokweqile kweqhwa; Ukweqisa ngokweqile kwe-MDMA

U-Aronson JK. Ama-Amphetamines. Ku: Aronson JK, ed. Imiphumela emibi kaMeyler yezidakamizwa. Umhla ka-16. I-Waltham, MA: I-Elsevier BV ;; 2016: 308-323.

Brust JCM. Imiphumela yokusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa ohlelweni lwezinzwa. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 87.

Izimo eziphuthumayo ze-Little M. Toxicology. Ku: Cameron P, Jelinek G, Kelly AM, Brown A, Little M, abahleli. Incwadi Yemithi Ephuthumayo Yabantu Abadala. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2015: isahluko 29.