Ukuhlinzwa kabusha kwe-thyroid

Indlala yegilo ivame ukutholakala ngaphambili entanyeni.Igilo elibuyisa emuva libhekisa endaweni engajwayelekile yayo yonke noma ingxenye yendlala yegilo engezansi kwesifuba sesifuba (sternum).

I-goiter ebuyela emuva ihlala icatshangelwa kubantu abanesisindo esikhipha entanyeni. I-goiter ebuyela emuva ngokuvamile ayibangeli zimpawu zeminyaka. Kuvame ukutholakala lapho i-x-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan yenziwa ngesinye isizathu. Noma yiziphi izimpawu ngokuvamile zibangelwa ingcindezi ezakhiweni eziseduze, njenge-windpipe (trachea) nogwinywa (esophagus).

Kunganconywa ukuhlinzwa okususa ngokuphelele i-goiter, noma ngabe awunazo izimpawu.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa:

• Uthola i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Lokhu kukwenza ulale futhi ungakwazi ukuzwa ubuhlungu.
• Ulele ngomhlane intamo yakho inwetshiwe kancane.
• Udokotela ohlinzayo usika (ukusika) ngaphambili kwentamo yakho engezansi ngenhla kwamathambo ekhola ukuthola ukuthi isisindo singasuswa yini ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba. Isikhathi esiningi, ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngale ndlela.
• Uma isisindo singene ngaphakathi esifubeni, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza imbobo maphakathi nesifuba sesifuba sakho. I-goiter yonke iyasuswa.
• Ishubhu lingashiywa endaweni yokukhipha uketshezi negazi. Imvamisa isuswa ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuye kwezi-2.
• Ukusikeka kuvaliwe ngemithungo (ama-sutures).

Lokhu kuhlinza kwenziwa ukususa ngokuphelele isisindo. Uma ingasuswa, ingafaka ingcindezi ku-trachea naku-esophagus yakho.

Uma i-goiter ebuyela emuva isivele ikhona isikhathi eside, ungaba nobunzima ekugwinyeni ukudla, ubuhlungu obunzima entanyeni, noma ukuphefumula okuncane.

Izingozi ze-anesthesia nokuhlinzwa ngokujwayelekile yilezi:

• Ukusabela emithini, izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Ukopha, amahlule egazi, ukutheleleka

Izingozi zokuhlinzwa kabusha kwe-thyroid yilezi:

• Ukulimala kwezindlala ze-parathyroid (izindlala ezincane eziseduze ne-thyroid) noma ukunikezwa kwegazi, okuholela ku-calcium ephansi
• Ukulimala kudoti
• Ukugcwala komphimbo
• Ukulimala kwentambo yezwi

Phakathi namasonto angaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Ungadinga ukuthi ube nokuhlolwa okukhombisa ngqo ukuthi indlala yakho yegilo itholakala kuphi. Lokhu kuzosiza udokotela ohlinzayo ukuthola igilo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ungaba nokuhlolwa kwe-CT, i-ultrasound, noma okunye ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging.
• Ungadinga futhi umuthi we-thyroid noma ukwelashwa kwe-iodine emavikini ayi-1 kuya kwamabili ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo, ngisho naleyo ethengwe ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela. Lokhu kufaka amakhambi nezithako.

Izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya kwesonto ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa:

• Ungacelwa ukuthi uyeke okwesikhashana ukuthatha imithi enciphisa igazi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil), naproxen (Aleve), clopidogrel (Plavix), warfarin (Coumadin), phakathi kwabanye.
• Gcwalisa noma imiphi imiyalelo yomuthi wezinhlungu ne-calcium oyodinga ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.
• Tshela umhlinzeki wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo, ngisho naleyo ethengwe ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela. Lokhu kufaka amakhambi nezithako. Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi imiphi imithi okufanele usayiphuza ngosuku lokuhlinzwa.
• Uma ubhema, zama ukuyeka. Cela usizo kumhlinzeki wakho.

Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa:

• Landela imiyalo yokuthi ungakuyeka nini ukudla nokuphuza.
• Thatha noma yimiphi imithi umhlinzeki wakho akutshele ukuthi uyiphuze ngesiphuzo esincane samanzi.
• Qiniseka ukuthi ufika esibhedlela ngesikhathi.

Ungadinga ukuhlala esibhedlela ubusuku ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuze ubhekelwe noma yikuphi ukopha, ushintsho ezingeni le-calcium, noma izinkinga zokuphefumula.

Ungaya ekhaya ngakusasa uma ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngentamo. Uma isifuba savulwa, ungahlala esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Cishe uzokwazi ukuvuka uhambe ngosuku noma ngosuku ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Kufanele kuthathe cishe amasonto ama-3 kuye kwangama-4 ukuthi ululame ngokuphelele.

Ungaba nobuhlungu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Buza umhlinzeki wakho ngemiyalo yokuthi ungayithatha kanjani imithi yezinhlungu ngemuva kokuya ekhaya.

Landela noma imiphi imiyalo yokuzinakekela ngemuva kokuya ekhaya.

Umphumela walokhu kuhlinzwa uvame ukuba muhle kakhulu. Iningi labantu lidinga ukuthatha amaphilisi e-thyroid hormone (esikhundleni sehomoni yegilo) impilo yabo yonke lapho kususwa yonke indlala.

Substernalthyroid - ukuhlinzwa; I-Mediastinal goiter - ukuhlinzwa

• Indlala yegilo evuselelekayo

UKaplan EL, u-Angelos P, uJames BC, uNagar S, uGranogan RH. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, abahleli. I-Endocrinology: Eyabantu Abadala Neyengane. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 96.

USmith PW, uHanks LR, uSalomone LJ, uHanks JB. Indlala yegilo. Ku: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 36.