Ukushintshwa kwe-transcatheter aortic valve

I-Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) inqubo esetshenziswa ukufaka i-aortic valve ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba. Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha abantu abadala abangaphilile ngokwanele ukuze bahlinzwe njalo nge-valve.

I-aorta ingumthambo omkhulu othwala igazi lisuke enhliziyweni yakho liye kuwo wonke umzimba wakho. Igazi liphuma enhliziyweni yakho lingene ku-aorta nge-valve. Le valve ibizwa ngokuthi i-aortic valve. Iyavula ukuze igazi liphume. Bese iyavala, igcine igazi lingageleki emuva.

I-valve ye-aortic engavuli ngokugcwele izovimbela ukuhamba kwegazi. Lokhu kubizwa nge-aortic stenosis. Uma kukhona nokuvuza, kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuselelwa kwe-aortic. Iningi lama-aortic valve lishintshwa ngoba likhawulela ukugeleza liye phambili nge-aorta liye ebuchosheni nasemzimbeni.

Inqubo izokwenziwa esibhedlela. Kuzothatha cishe amahora amabili kuya kwayi-4.

• Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho, ungathola i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Lokhu kuzokubeka ebuthongweni obungenazinhlungu. Imvamisa, inqubo yenziwa ngawe uhlezi kakhulu. Awulele ngokuphelele kodwa awuzwa buhlungu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-sedation elinganiselayo.
• Uma kusetshenziswa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, uzoba neshubhu elibeka phansi umphimbo wakho oxhunywe emshinini ozokusiza uphefumule. Lokhu kuvame ukususwa ngemuva kwenqubo. Uma kusetshenziswa umuthi olinganiselayo, akudingeki ithubhu lokuphefumula.
• Udokotela uzosika (ukusika) emthanjeni osemgodini wakho noma esifubeni sakho eduze kwethambo lakho lesifuba.
• Uma ungenayo i-pacemaker, udokotela angayifaka. Uzoyigqoka amahora angama-48 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. I-pacemaker isiza inhliziyo yakho ukushaya ngesigqi esijwayelekile.
• Udokotela uzofaka ishubhu elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter ngomthambo oya enhliziyweni yakho naku-valve ye-aortic.
• Ibhaluni elincane ekugcineni kwe-catheter lizonwetshwa ku-valve yakho ye-aortic. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-valvuloplasty.
• Udokotela uzobe esehola i-aortic valve entsha phezu kwepayipi nebhaluni bese eyibeka ku-valve yakho ye-aortic. I-valve yemvelo isetshenziselwa i-TAVR.
• I-valve entsha izovulwa ngaphakathi kwe-valve endala. Izokwenza umsebenzi we-valve endala.
• Udokotela uzokhipha ipayipi bese evala ukusika ngemithungo kanye nokugqoka.
• Awudingi ukuba semshinini wenhliziyo-namaphaphu wale nqubo.

I-TAVR isetshenziselwa abantu abane-aortic stenosis enzima abangaphilile ngokwanele ukuba bahlinzwe isifuba esivulekile ukufaka i-valve.

Kubantu abadala, i-aortic stenosis ivame kakhulu ngenxa yediphozi ye-calcium enciphisa i-valve. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuthinta abantu asebekhulile.

I-TAVR ingenziwa ngalezi zizathu:

• Unezimpawu zenhliziyo ezinkulu, njengobuhlungu besifuba (i-angina), ukuphefumula okuncane, ukuphelelwa amandla (i-syncope), noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi izinguquko ku-aortic valve yakho seziqala ukulimaza kakhulu ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani.
• Awukwazi ukuhlinzwa njalo nge-valve ngoba kungabeka impilo yakho engcupheni. (Qaphela: Kuyenziwa ucwaningo ukubona ukuthi zingasizwa yini ezinye iziguli ngokuhlinzwa.)

Le nqubo inezinzuzo eziningi. Kunobuhlungu obuncane, ukulahleka kwegazi, kanye nengozi yokutheleleka. Uzophola futhi ngokushesha okukhulu kunendlela obuyothola ngayo ekuhlinzweni kwesifuba esivulekile.

Izingozi zanoma iyiphi i-anesthesia yilezi:

• Ukopha
• Amahlule egazi emilenzeni angahamba aye emaphashini
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Ukutheleleka, kufaka phakathi amaphaphu, izinso, isinye, isifuba, noma ama-valve wenhliziyo
• Ukusabela emithini

Ezinye izingozi yilezi:

• Ukulimala emithanjeni yegazi
• Ungadinga ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile ukulungisa izinkinga ezivela ngesikhathi senqubo
• Isifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi
• Ukutheleleka kwe-valve entsha
• Ukuhluleka kwezinso
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile
• Ukopha
• Ukuphulukiswa kabi kokusikwa
• Ukufa

Hlala utshela udokotela noma umhlengikazi wakho ukuthi imiphi imithi oyiphuzayo, kufaka phakathi imithi oyisebenzisayo, izithasiselo noma amakhambi

Kufanele ubone udokotela wamazinyo wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izifo emlonyeni wakho. Uma ungelashwa, lezi zifo zingasakazeka ziye enhliziyweni yakho noma ku-valve yenhliziyo entsha.

Isikhathi samasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ungacelwa ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imishanguzo eyenza kube nzima ngegazi lakho ukuminyana. Lokhu kungadala ukopha okwengeziwe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

• Ezinye zazo i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), ne-naproxen (i-Aleve, iNaprosyn).
• Uma uthatha i-warfarin (i-Coumadin) noma i-clopidogrel (i-Plavix), khuluma nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo ngaphambi kokuma noma ukushintsha indlela oyisebenzisa ngayo le mithi.

Phakathi nezinsuku ngaphambi kwenqubo yakho:

• Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi imiphi imithi okufanele uyithathe ngosuku lwenqubo yakho.
• Uma ubhema, kufanele uyeke. Cela usizo kudokotela wakho.
• Njalo yazisa udokotela wakho uma unomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma kwe-herpes, noma okunye ukugula esikhathini esiholela enqubeni yakho.
• Ngosuku lwangaphambi kwenqubo yakho, geza kanye ne-shampoo kahle. Ungacelwa ukuthi ugeze wonke umzimba wakho ngaphansi kwensipho yakho ngensipho ekhethekile. Khuhla isifuba sakho amahlandla ama-2 noma ama-3 ngale nsipho. Ungacelwa futhi ukuthi uthathe i-antibiotic ukuvikela ukutheleleka.

Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Imvamisa uzocelwa ukuthi ungaphuzi noma ungadli lutho ngemuva kwamabili ebusuku ngaphambi kwenqubo yakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-chewing gum nokusebenzisa umoya ophefumulayo. Hlanza umlomo wakho ngamanzi uma uzizwa womile, kodwa qaphela ukuthi ungagwinyi.
• Thatha imithi udokotela wakho akutshele ukuthi uyiphuze ngesiphuzo esincane samanzi.
• Udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi uzokutshela ukuthi ufika nini esibhedlela.

Ungalindela ukuchitha usuku olungu-1 kuya kwele-4 esibhedlela.

Uzochitha ubusuku bokuqala egumbini labagula kakhulu (i-ICU). Abahlengikazi bazokuqapha eduze. Imvamisa kungakapheli amahora angama-24, uzothuthelwa egumbini elijwayelekile noma egunjini lokunakekelwa kwesikhashana esibhedlela.

Ngosuku olulandelayo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, uzosizwa ukuphuma embhedeni ukuze ukwazi ukuvuka uzulazule. Ungaqala uhlelo lokwenza inhliziyo nomzimba wakho uqine.

Abahlinzeki bakho bezempilo bazokukhombisa ukuthi ungazinakekela kanjani ekhaya. Uzofunda ukuthi ungazigeza kanjani futhi unakekele isilonda sokuhlinzwa. Uzonikezwa nemiyalo yokudla nokuzivocavoca umzimba. Qiniseka ukuthi uphuza noma imiphi imithi njengoba kubekiwe. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uthathe izinciphisi zegazi impilo yakho yonke.

Udokotela wakho uzokuthola ukuze uthole isikhathi sokulandelela ukuze uhlole ukuthi i-valve entsha isebenza kahle.

Qiniseka ukuthi utshela noma yimuphi umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi uke washintshwa i-valve. Qiniseka ukwenza lokhu ngaphambi kokuba ube nezinqubo zokwelashwa noma zamazinyo.

Ukuba nale nqubo kungathuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho futhi kukusize uphile isikhathi eside kunalokho ongakwenza ngaphandle kwenqubo. Ungaphefumula kalula futhi ube namandla amaningi. Ungahle ukwazi ukwenza izinto obungakwazanga ukuzenza ngaphambili ngoba inhliziyo yakho iyakwazi ukumpompa igazi elicebile oksijini kuwo wonke umzimba wakho.

Akucaci ukuthi i-valve entsha izoqhubeka isebenza isikhathi esingakanani, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho ukuze abonane njalo.

I-Valvuloplasty - i-aortic; TAVR; Ukufakwa kwe-Transcatheter aortic valve (TAVI)

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