11 Izimpawu Zomdlavuza Webele

-Delile

• Ubani ongathola umdlavuza webele
• Izimpawu zomdlavuza webele emadodeni
• Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zomdlavuza webele
• Ungawukhomba kanjani umdlavuza webele osezingeni eliphakeme
• Ungawuvikela kanjani umdlavuza webele

Izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza webele zihlobene nezinguquko esifubeni, ikakhulukazi ukuvela kwesigaxa esincane esingenabuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi izigaxa eziningi ezivela ebeleni zinobungozi ngakho-ke, azimeleli isimo somdlavuza.

Uma usola ukuthi ungaba nomdlavuza webele, khetha izimpawu zakho bese ubona ukuthi iyini ingozi yakho:

1. 1. Ubukhona besigaxa noma isigaxa esingalimazi
2. 2. Shintsha umbala noma ukuma kwengono
3. 3. Ukukhipha uketshezi engonweni
4. 4. Izinguquko esikhunjeni sesifuba, njengokubomvu noma isikhumba esiqinile
5. 5. Ukuvuvukala noma ukushintsha ngosayizi webele elilodwa
6. 6. Ukulunywa njalo esifubeni noma engonweni
7. 7. Ukuguqulwa kombala noma ukuma kwe-areola
8. 8. Ukwakheka kwama-crust noma amanxeba esikhunjeni eduze kwengono
9. 9. Imithambo ebonakala kalula futhi inyuka ngosayizi
10. 10. Ubukhona be-groove esifubeni, sengathi bekucwila
11. 11. Izigaxa noma ukuvuvukala emikhondweni yamanzi yasemakhwapheni

Lezi zimpawu zingavela ngasikhathi sinye noma zodwa, futhi zingaba yizimpawu zomdlavuza webele wokuqala noma osezingeni eliphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwanoma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi kukhona umdlavuza webele, kepha, umuntu kufanele abonane nesazi semithi, ngoba kungaba yi-nodule enobungozi noma ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zesifuba, okudinga ukwelashwa. Bona ukuthi iziphi izivivinyo eziqinisekisa umdlavuza webele.

Futhi bukela le vidiyo elandelayo futhi ufunde ukuthi ungazihlola kanjani kahle isifuba:

Ubani ongathola umdlavuza webele

Noma ngubani angaba nomdlavuza webele, kungaba owesilisa noma owesifazane, nabantu abane:

• Ubudala obukhulu kuneminyaka engama-50;
• Umlando womndeni womdlavuza webele;
• Ukukhuluphala nokuhlala phansi;

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona nezinguquko zofuzo ezingakhuphula ukuthambekela kokuthuthukisa lolu hlobo lomdlavuza, njengalezo ezenzeka kuhlobo lwe-BRCA1 kanye ne-BRCA2. Kodwa-ke, kunezivivinyo ezingenziwa nezisizayo ukukhomba ushintsho ngisho nangaphambi kokuba umdlavuza uqhamuke, okunika ithuba lokuvikela umdlavuza.

Bona ukuthi lolu hlobo lokuhlolwa kofuzo lwenziwa kanjani nokuthi lungasiza kanjani ukuvikela umdlavuza webele.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza webele emadodeni

Izimpawu zomdlavuza webele wesilisa ziyefana nezimpawu zomdlavuza webele kubantu besifazane, ngakho-ke uma kukhona ushintsho oluthile ebeleni, kubalulekile ukubonana nesazi semithi ukuze kutholakale inkinga nokuqala ukwelashwa okufanele.

Funda ngomdlavuza webele wesilisa.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zomdlavuza webele

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zomdlavuza webele, kuya ngokukhula kwawo, ezinye zazo zinolaka kakhulu kunezinye. Okuyinhloko yilezi:

• I-Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): luhlobo lomdlavuza webele esigabeni sokuqala olutholakala emiphakathini futhi, ngakho-ke, lunamathuba aphezulu okwelashwa;
• I-Lobular carcinoma in situ (I-CLIS): luhlobo lwesibili oluvame kakhulu kwabesifazane kanti futhi lusezigabeni zalo zokuqala, kodwa lutholakala kwizindlala ezikhiqiza ubisi. Lolu hlobo alunolaka kakhulu futhi alulapheki kalula;
• I-ductal carcinoma (ICD) ehlaselayo: luhlobo lomdlavuza webele oluvame kakhulu futhi lusho ukuthi usesigabeni esithuthuke kakhulu lapho umdlavuza uqale khona endleni yokukhiqiza ubisi, kodwa usabalele ngaphandle, okungadala imastastase;
• I-lobular carcinoma (CLI) ehlaselayo: kuyivelakancane futhi kaningi kunzima kakhulu ukukhomba. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lungabuye luhlobene nokubonakala komdlavuza we-ovari;
• Ukuvuvukala kwebele carcinoma: kungumdlavuza onolaka, kepha akuvamile kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo zomdlavuza webele, kukhona nezinye eziyivelakancane, njenge-medullary carcinoma, i-mucinous carcinoma, i-tubular carcinoma noma isimila esibi se-filoid.

Ungawukhomba kanjani umdlavuza webele osezingeni eliphakeme

Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesifuba esithuthukile zifaka, ngaphezu kwezimpawu eziya ziba zimbi kakhulu nezilonda esifubeni, ezinye izimpawu ezingahlobene namabele, ezifana nesicanucanu, ubuhlungu bamathambo, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, ikhanda elibuhlungu nobuthakathaka bemisipha.

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukubangelwa ngoba umdlavuza osezingeni eliphakeme ubangela imastastases ebulalayo kwezinye izitho zomzimba, njengamaphaphu nobuchopho, ngakho-ke kufanele ziphenywe yisazi se-mastologist kanye ne-oncologist yomtholampilo ngokushesha okukhulu. Yazi ezinye izimbangela zokungaphatheki kahle noma ubuhlungu emabeleni.

Ungawuvikela kanjani umdlavuza webele

Ukuvinjelwa komdlavuza webele kwenziwa ngokwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo. Ngakho-ke, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ube nokudla okunempilo, okunezithelo nemifino, umkhuba wokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo, ugweme ukuphuza ngokweqile iziphuzo ezidakayo nokuqeda ugwayi.

Kodwa-ke, ukuvimbela ngempumelelo lo mdlavuza, kuyadingeka ukwenza i-mammography njalo. Ngokufanelekile, i-mammography kufanele yenziwe minyaka yonke, kusukela eminyakeni yobudala engama-40, ngokusho kweBrazil Society of Mastology kanye neAmerican Society of Radiology. UMnyango Wezempilo eBrazil, kanye nemiphakathi eminingi yezokwelapha ye-mastology yaseYurophu, yeluleka i-mammography kusukela eminyakeni yobudala engama-50, kabili ngonyaka. Abesifazane abanezici eziyingozi zomdlavuza webele, njengezihlobo zokuqala ezinomdlavuza webele noma wesibeletho ongaphansi kweminyaka engama-50, kufanele bahlolwe eminyakeni eyi-10 ngaphambi kwecala lokuqala emndenini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile futhi ukuzihlolisisa amabele nyangazonke, ezinsukwini ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5 ngemuva kokuphela kokuya esikhathini. Ukubaluleka kokuzihlola kukhunjulwa njalo emikhankasweni kahulumeni yaminyaka yonke, eyaziwa ngePink October. Qonda isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukuthi ungazihlola kanjani kahle amabele.