I-Placenta: iyini, isebenza kanye nezinguquko ezingenzeka

-Delile

• Kwakhiwa kanjani i-placenta
• Izinkinga ezi-6 ezivame kakhulu zeplasenta
• 1. Isandulela se-Placenta
• 2. Ibutho le-Placental
• 3. I-Placenta accreta
• 4. I-placenta ebaliwe noma endala
• 5. I-infarction ye-Placental noma i-placenta thrombosis
• 6. Ukuqhekeka kwesibeletho

I-placenta isitho esakhiwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, indima yaso enkulu ukukhuthaza ukuxhumana phakathi kukamama nombungu futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe izimo ezifanele zokukhula kombungu.

Imisebenzi esemqoka ye-placenta yile:

• Nikeza umsoco enganeni;
• Khuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni abalulekile ekukhulelweni;
• Nikeza ingane isivikelo somzimba sokuzivikela emzimbeni;
• Vikela ingane ekuthintekeni esiswini sikanina;
• Susa imfucuza ekhiqizwa yingane, njengomchamo.

I-placenta ibalulekile ekukhuleni kwengane, noma kunjalo, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ingaba nezinguquko ezingafuneki, ilethe ubungozi nezinkinga kumama enganeni.

Kwakhiwa kanjani i-placenta

Ukwakheka kwe-placenta, lapho nje ukufakwa esibelethweni kwenzeka, kwenziwa ngamaseli avela esibelethweni nasenganeni. Ukukhula kwe-placenta kuyashesha futhi sekuvele ku-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa, kukhulu kunengane. Cishe amasonto ayi-16 okukhulelwa, i-placenta nengane ziyalingana, futhi ekupheleni kokukhulelwa ingane isivele isisinda cishe izikhathi eziyisithupha kune-placenta.

I-placenta iyasuswa ngesikhathi sokubeletha, noma ngabe kubuyiselwe noma kungokwemvelo. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha okujwayelekile, i-placenta ishiya ngokuzenzekelayo ngemuva kokucindezelwa kwesibeletho okungu-4 kuye ku-5, okubuhlungu kakhulu kunokuphambana kwesibeletho okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwengane.

Izinkinga ezi-6 ezivame kakhulu zeplasenta

Okufanelekile ukuthi i-placenta ihlale iqinile phakathi nokukhulelwa ukuze ukukhula kwengane kwenzeke ngokujwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, kungaba nezinguquko ezithile ku-placenta ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okungaba nemiphumela kumama nasenganeni uma kungathathwa izinyathelo ezidingekayo. Ezinye izinguquko ezingathinta i-placenta yilezi:

1. Isandulela se-Placenta

I-placenta previa, ebizwa nangokuthi i-placenta ephansi, yenzeka lapho i-placenta ikhula kancane noma ngokuphelele esifundeni esiphansi sesibeletho, esingavimbela ukulethwa okujwayelekile. I-placenta previa ijwayelekile ekukhulelweni kokuqala futhi ayikhathazi kakhulu, ngoba ngokukhula kwesibeletho, phakathi nokukhulelwa konke, kungenzeka ukuthi i-placenta idluliselwe endaweni efanele, ivumela ukulethwa okujwayelekile.

Kodwa-ke, lapho i-placenta previa iqhubeka kuze kube yinyanga yesithathu yokukhulelwa, ingaphazamisa ukukhula kwengane nokubeletha kwayo. Lolu shintsho luvame kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe amawele, abanezibazi zesibeletho, abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-35 ubudala noma abake baba ne-placenta yangaphambilini.

Ukuvela kwe-placenta ephansi kungabonakala ngokuphuma kwegazi esithweni sangasese, kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela wezifo zabesifazane kanye / noma nodokotela wokubelethisa ukwenza ukuxilongwa nokunciphisa ubungozi bokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nezinkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Bona ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwe-placenta previa kwenziwa kanjani nokuthi ukwelashwa kanjani.

2. Ibutho le-Placental

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-placenta kufana nesimo lapho i-placenta ihlukaniswe nodonga lwesibeletho, ngokuphuma kwegazi esithweni sangasese kanye ne-colic yesisu esibi kakhulu. Ngenxa yokwehlukaniswa kwe-placenta, kukhona ukwehla kwenani lezakhamzimba nomoya-mpilo othunyelwa enganeni, okuphazamisa ukukhula kwayo.

Ukuhlukaniswa kweplacental kungenzeka kaningi ngemuva kweviki lama-20 lokukhulelwa futhi kungaholela ekulethweni ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Yazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma i-placenta ishiya.

3. I-Placenta accreta

I-placenta accreta yisimo lapho i-placenta inokulungiswa okungavamile esibelethweni, imelana nokushiya ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Le nkinga ingadala ukopha okudinga ukumpontshelwa igazi futhi, ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukukhishwa ngokuphelele kwesibeletho, ngaphezu kokubeka impilo yowesifazane engcupheni.

4. I-placenta ebaliwe noma endala

Kuyinqubo ejwayelekile futhi ihlobene nezinga lokukhula kwe-placenta. Lolu shintsho luyinkinga kuphela uma i-placenta ihlukaniswa njengebanga lesi-III ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-34, njengoba ingadala ukuthi umbungu wehlise ijubane ekukhuleni. Ngokuvamile, owesifazane akanazimpawu futhi le nkinga ikhonjwa ngudokotela kuma-ultrasound ajwayelekile.

Funda kabanzi ngamadigri wokuvuthwa kwe-placenta.

5. I-infarction ye-Placental noma i-placenta thrombosis

I-infarction ye-Placental yenzeka lapho kunomthambo wegazi ovalekile ku-placenta, ebeka i-thrombosis futhi iholele ekwehleni kwenani legazi eliya enganeni. Yize le nkinga ingadala ukuphuphuma kwezisu, futhi ayikwazi ukudala izinkinga ngokukhulelwa futhi ingabonakali. Hlola ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma kwenzeka i-placental thrombosis.

6. Ukuqhekeka kwesibeletho

Kungukuphazamiseka kwemisipha yesibeletho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma sokubeletha, okungadala ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokufa komama noma kwengane. Ukuqhekeka kwesibeletho kuyinkinga engajwayelekile, elashwa ngokuhlinzwa ngesikhathi sokubeletha, futhi izimpawu zayo ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuphuma kwegazi esithweni sangasese nokuncipha kwenhliziyo yesisu.

Ukuvimbela nokukhomba ushintsho ku-placenta ngaphambi kokuqala kwezinkinga ezinkulu, kufanele kwenziwe ukubonisana okujwayelekile nodokotela obelethayo kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound okudingekayo okwenziwe esigabeni ngasinye sokukhulelwa. Ezimweni zokuphuma kwegazi esithweni sangasese noma ubuhlungu obukhulu besibeletho, kufanele kuboniswe udokotela.