Umuthi Wokugomela Wohlobo lweHaemophilus influenzae b (Hib)

Haemophilus influenzae Uhlobo lwe-b (Hib) isifo esibi esibangelwa amagciwane. Imvamisa kuthinta izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemihlanu ubudala. Kungathinta nabantu abadala abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha.

Ingane yakho ingathola isifo se-Hib ngokuba seduze nezinye izingane noma abantu abadala abangaba namagciwane futhi bangasazi. Amagciwane asakazekela kumuntu ngamunye. Uma amagciwane ehlala ekhaleni nasemphinjeni wengane, ingane cishe ngeke igule. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi amagciwane asabalala angene emaphashini noma egazini, bese kuthi iHib ingadala izinkinga ezinkulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yisifo se-Hib esihlaselayo.

Ngaphambi komuthi wokugoma we-Hib, isifo se-Hib sasiyimbangela ehamba phambili ye-bacterial meningitis ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala e-United States. I-Meningitis ukutheleleka kolwelwesi lobuchopho nomgogodla. Kungaholela ekulimaleni kobuchopho nokungezwa. Isifo se-Hib singadala futhi:

• inyumoniya
• ukuvuvukala okukhulu emphinjeni, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula
• ukutheleleka kwegazi, amalunga, amathambo, nokumbozwa kwenhliziyo
• ukufa

Ngaphambi komuthi wokugoma we-Hib, cishe izingane ezingama-20 000 e-United States ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemihlanu ubudala zathola isifo se-Hib unyaka nonyaka, futhi cishe ezi-3 kuye kwezi-6% zazo zafa.

Umuthi wokugoma we-Hib ungavimbela isifo se-Hib. Selokhu kwaqala ukusetshenziswa komuthi wokugomela i-Hib, inani lamacala ezifo ezihlasela i-Hib lehle ngaphezu kuka-99%. Izingane eziningi eziningi zingathola isifo se-Hib uma singayeka ukugoma.

Kunemikhiqizo eminingana ehlukene yokugoma i-Hib etholakalayo. Ingane yakho izothola imithamo emi-3 noma emi-4, kuya ngokuthi yimuphi umuthi wokugoma osetshenzisiwe.

Imithamo yokugoma i-Hib ivame ukunconywa kule minyaka:

• I-First Dose: izinyanga ezimbili ubudala
• Umthamo wesibili: izinyanga ezine ubudala
• Umthamo wesithathu: izinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala (uma kudingeka, kuya ngohlobo lomuthi wokugoma)
• I-Final / Booster Dose: izinyanga eziyi-12 kuya kwezingu-15 ubudala

Umuthi wokugoma we-hib unganikezwa ngasikhathi sinye neminye imigomo.

Umuthi wokugoma we-Hib unganikezwa njengengxenye yomuthi wokuhlanganisa ohlangene. Imishanguzo yokuhlanganiswa yenziwa lapho izinhlobo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zomuthi wokugoma zihlanganiswa ndawonye zibe ukudubula okukodwa, ukuze umuthi owodwa wokugoma ukwazi ukuvikela ezifweni ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.

Izingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu kanye nabantu abadala ngokuvamile abadingi umuthi wokugoma we-Hib. Kepha kunganconywa ezinganeni ezindala noma kubantu abadala abane-asplenia noma isifo se-sickle cell, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukukhipha ubende, noma ukulandela ukufakelwa umnkantsha wethambo. Kunganconywa futhi kubantu abaneminyaka emihlanu kuya kwengu-18 abane-HIV. Buza udokotela wakho imininingwane.

Udokotela wakho noma umuntu okunikeza umuthi wokugoma angakunika eminye imininingwane.

Umuthi wokugoma we-Hib akufanele unikezwe izinsana ezingaphansi kwamasonto ayisithupha ubudala.

Umuntu owake waba ne-aleji esongela impilo ngemuva komthamo wangaphambilini womuthi wokugoma we-Hib, noma i-OR unenkinga yokungezwani komzimba nanoma iyiphi ingxenye yalo mgomo, akufanele athole umuthi wokugoma we-Hib. Tshela umuntu onikeza umuthi wokugoma noma imuphi umuthi ongezwani nomzimba onamandla.

Abantu abagula kancane bangathola umuthi wokugoma we-Hib. Abantu abagula ngokulingene noma kakhulu kufanele mhlawumbe balinde baze balulame. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uma umuntu othola umuthi wokugoma engazizwa kahle ngosuku lapho kuhlelwe khona isibhamu.

Nganoma imuphi umuthi, kufaka phakathi imigomo, kunethuba lemiphumela emibi. Lezi zivame ukuba mnene futhi zihambe zodwa. Ukusabela okujulile nakho kungenzeka kepha akuvamile.

Iningi labantu abathola umuthi wokugomela i-Hib abanazinkinga ngawo.

Izinkinga eziphakathi nokulandela umuthi wokugoma we-Hib

• ububomvu, ukufudumala, noma ukuvuvukala lapho kunikezwe khona isibhamu
• imfiva

Lezi zinkinga azivamile. Uma zenzeka, zivame ukuqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokudutshulwa bese zihlala izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka ngemuva kwanoma yimuphi umuthi wokugoma

Noma imuphi umuthi ungadala ukusabela okweqile komzimba. Ukusabela okunjalo okuvela emthonjeni wokugoma akuvamile, kulinganiselwa emithonjeni engaphansi kwesisodwa ezigidini, futhi kungenzeka phakathi nemizuzu embalwa kuya emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokugoma.

Njenganoma imuphi umuthi, kunethuba elikude kakhulu lomuthi wokugoma obangela ukulimala okubi noma ukufa.

Izingane ezindala, intsha kanye nabantu abadala nabo bangahlangabezana nalezi zinkinga ngemuva kwanoma yimuphi umuthi wokugoma:

• Abantu kwesinye isikhathi baquleka ngemuva kwenqubo yezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi ukugoma. Ukuhlala noma ukulala phansi cishe imizuzu eyi-15 kungasiza ukuvimbela ukuquleka, nokulimala okubangelwa ukuwa. Tshela udokotela wakho uma uzizwa unesiyezi, noma ushintsha umbono noma ukhala ezindlebeni.
• Abanye abantu bathola ubuhlungu obukhulu ehlombe futhi baba nobunzima bokuhambisa ingalo lapho kunikezwe khona isibhamu. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokungavamile.

Ukuphepha kwemigomo kuhlale kubhekwa njalo. Ngeminye imininingwane, vakashela ku-http: //www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/.

Yini okufanele ngiyibheke?

• Bheka noma yini ekukhathazayo, njengezimpawu zokuphendula okweqile komzimba, umkhuhlane omkhulu kakhulu, noma isimilo esingajwayelekile.
• Izimpawu zokuphendula okweqile zingabandakanya isifuba, ukuvuvukala kobuso nomphimbo, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, isiyezi, nobuthakathaka. Lokhu kuvame ukuqala imizuzu embalwa kuya emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokugoma.

Kumele ngenzeni?

• Uma ucabanga ukuthi ukusabela okweqile noma okunye okuphuthumayo okungakwazi ukulinda, shayela u-9-1-1 bese uthola umuntu esibhedlela esiseduze. Ngaphandle kwalokho, shayela udokotela wakho.
• Ngemuva kwalokho, ukusabela kufanele kubikwe ku-Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Udokotela wakho angafaka lo mbiko, noma ungazenzela kuwebhusayithi ye-VAERS ku-http: //www.vaers.hhs.gov, noma ngokushayela ku-1-800-822-7967.

I-VAERS ayinikeli iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Uhlelo lweNational Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP) luhlelo oludalelwe ukunxephezela abantu okungenzeka balinyazwe yimithi ethile yokugoma.

Abantu abakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka balinyazwe umuthi wokugoma bangafunda ngalolu hlelo nangokufaka isicelo sokufaka isicelo sokushayela u-1-800-338-2382 noma ngokuvakashela iwebhusayithi ye-VICP ku-http: //www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation. Kunomkhawulo wesikhathi sokufaka isicelo sesinxephezelo.

• Buza udokotela wakho. Angakunika okufakwa iphakethe lokugoma noma aphakamise eminye imithombo yolwazi.
• Shayela umnyango wezempilo wangakini noma wesifundazwe.
• Thintana namaCenter for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Shayela ku-1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) noma uvakashele iwebhusayithi ye-CDC ku-http: //www.cdc.gov/vaccines.

Isitatimende solwazi lomuthi wokugoma we-Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib). UMnyango Wezempilo WaseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu / Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvikelwa Kwezifo Uhlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma. 4/2/2015.

• ActHIB^®
• I-Hiberix^®
• I-Liquid Pedvax HIB^®

• I-Comvax^® (equkethe uhlobo lwe-Haemophilus influenzae b, i-Hepatitis B)
• AbesilisaHibrix^® (equkethe uhlobo lwe-Haemophilus influenzae b, uMeningococcal Vaccine)
• IPentacel^® (equkethe iDiphtheria, Tetanus Toxoids, Acellular Pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Polio Vaccine)

• I-DTaP-IPV / Hib
• Hib
• Hib-HepB
• Hib-MenCY