I-Metabolic Acidosis: Kuyini, Izimpawu kanye Nokwelapha

-Delile

• 1. I-Metabolic acidosis
• Ziyini izimbangela
• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Indlela yokwelapha
• 2. I-acidosis yokuphefumula
• Ziyini izimbangela
• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Indlela yokwelapha

I-acid acidosis ibonakala nge-acidity eyeqile, idale i-pH engaphansi kuka-7.35, evame ukubangelwa kanjena:

• I-Metabolic acidosis: ukulahleka kwe-bicarbonate noma ukunqwabelana kwe-asidi ethile egazini;
• I-acidosis yokuphefumula: ukuqoqwa kwe-carbon dioxide (CO2) ezifweni ezithinta ukuphefumula, isifo sohudo, isifo sezinso, ukutheleleka okujwayelekile, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma ukudakwa ngenxa yokusebenzisa izinto ezine-asidi.

I-pH ejwayelekile yegazi kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-7.35 kuye ku-7.45, njengoba lolu hlu luvumela imetabolism yomzimba ukuthi isebenze kahle. I-pH ene-asidi ibangela izimpawu ezifana nokuphefumula kancane, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, ukozela, ukudideka futhi kungaholela ekufeni uma ingalashwa ngokushesha.

Ngaphezu kwe-acidosis, i-pH ingaba yi-alkaline eyengeziwe, ngenhla kuka-7.45, engenzeka kokubili ku-alkalosis yemetabolism naku-alkalosis yokuphefumula.

1. I-Metabolic acidosis

I-Metabolic acidosis idalwa ukuqoqana kwe-asidi egazini, kungaba ngokulahleka kwe-bicarbonate noma ngokuqongelela izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-asidi.

Ziyini izimbangela

Izimbangela ezingenzeka ze-asidi egazini ukulahleka kwezinto ezinama-alkaline, njenge-bicarbonate, noma ukuqongelela kwama-asidi egazini, njenge-lactic acid noma i-acetoacetic acid, ngokwesibonelo. Ezinye zezimo eziholela kulokhu yilezi;

• Uhudo olunzima;
• Izifo zezinso;
• Ukutheleleka okujwayelekile;
• Ukopha;
• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo;
• I-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela;
• Ukudakwa, nge-AAS, utshwala, i-methanol noma i-ethylene glycol, isibonelo;
• Ukulimala kwemisipha eminingana emzimbeni, okwenzeka ezimweni zokuzivocavoca kanzima noma ezifweni ezinjenge-leptospirosis, isibonelo.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi enye imbangela ye-asidi yegazi i-acidosis yokuphefumula, ebangelwa ukuqoqwa kwe-CO2 egazini ngenxa yezinkinga zamaphaphu, njenge-asthma noma i-emphysema enamandla, isifo sezinzwa esivimbela ukuphefumula, njenge-ALS noma i-muscular dystrophy noma yikuphi ezinye izifo ezenza ukuphefumula kube nzima.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

I-Metabolic acidosis ingadala uchungechunge lwezinto ezisabela emzimbeni ezithonya ukuphefumula, ukusabela kobuchopho, ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kanye nokwakheka komzimba komzimba. Izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko zifaka:

• Ukuphefumula okufishane;
• Izinga lokuphefumula lenyukile;
• Ukushaya kancane;
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
• Ikhanda;
• Ukozela noma ukudideka;
• Ukucindezela okuphansi;
• Ukungabekezelelani kwe-glucose.

Kwezinye izimo, iziguli ezine-metabolic acidosis zingangena ku-coma futhi zibe sengozini yokufa uma ukwelashwa kungaqalwa ngokushesha.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-metabolic acidosis kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi yi-arterial blood gas analysis, okwazi ukuthola amanani we-pH kanye neminye imininingwane eminingana yegazi lokuthanjiswa kwegazi. Thola imininingwane eminingi ngalokhu kuhlolwa ukuthi asetshenziselwa ini amagesi egazi emithambo yegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okunye ukuhlolwa, njengokuhlolwa komchamo noma ukuhlolwa kwama-toxics egazini, kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela ye-ketoacidosis.

Indlela yokwelapha

Ukwelashwa kwe-metabolic acidosis kufanele kwenziwe esibhedlela futhi, ngokuvamile, ukulungiswa kwesifo okubangela i-acidosis kwanele ekuthuthukiseni isimo, njengokuphathwa kwe-insulin uma kunesifo sikashukela, ukukhishwa ubuthi ngezinto ezinobuthi , isibonelo, ngaphezu kwe-hydration ne-serum emthanjeni.

Ezimweni lapho kulahleka i-bicarbonate ye-sodium, efana nohudo noma ukuhlanza, kungakhonjiswa ukushintshwa kwale nto ngomzila womlomo. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo ze-asidi enamandla kakhulu, ukuphathwa kwe-bicarbonate emthanjeni kungadingeka ukunciphisa i-asidi ngokushesha okukhulu.

2. I-acidosis yokuphefumula

I-acidosis yokuphefumula ukwedlula kwe-asidi egazini okwenzeka ngenxa yokwehla komoya emaphashini ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumula, okuholela ekwandeni kokuhlushwa kwe-carbon dioxide (CO2) egazini.

Ziyini izimbangela

Ngokuvamile, i-acidosis yokuphefumula idalwa yizifo zamaphaphu ezifana ne-asthma noma i-emphysema enamandla, kanye nezinye izifo ezingavimbela ukuphefumula, njenge-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, i-myasthenia gravis, i-muscular dystrophy, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma lapho kukhona ukuboshwa komzimba. .

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Yize kungabangeli izimpawu njalo, i-acidosis yokuphefumula ingadala ukuphefumula okuncane, umjuluko, isiyezi, imiphetho ye-purplish, ukukhwehlela, ukuquleka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukundindizela noma ukudlikizela, isibonelo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, kwenziwa nokuhlolwa kwegesi emithanjeni yegazi, okuthola amanani we-pH yegazi nomthamo wezinto ezifana ne-CO2 ne-bicarbonate, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho udokotela uzophinde enze ukuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuthola imbangela.

Indlela yokwelapha

Ukwelashwa kwe-acidosis yokuphefumula kwenziwa ngomzamo wokuthuthukisa ukuphefumula kwesiguli, kungaba ngokwelashwa kwamaphaphu, ukusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo noma ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi wokungenisa umoya ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu.