Ingculaza ingayithinta kanjani umbono

-Delile

• 1. Ukulimala komthambo wegazi
• 2. I-CMV retinitis
• 3. Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-Varicella zoster
• 4. I-toxoplasmosis ye-Ocular
• 5. I-sarcoma kaKaposi
• 6. Ezinye izifo

Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza lingathinta noma iyiphi ingxenye yamehlo, kusuka ezifundeni ezingaphezulu ezinjengamajwabu amehlo, kuya ezicutshini ezijulile ezifana ne-retina, i-vitreous nezinzwa, okudala izifo ezifana ne-retinitis, i-retinal detachment, i-Kaposi's sarcoma, ngaphezu kwezinhlobo eziningi zezifo zamehlo .

Amathuba okuba nombono othintwe ukutheleleka makhulu uma lesi sifo sisezigabeni esezithuthuke kakhulu, ngenxa yokuguquka kwamasosha omzimba okubangelwa yilesi sifo, kanye nezifo ezingosomathuba ezisebenzisa ukwehla kokuzivikela ekuzilolongeni.

Ngemuva kokutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlale ungenazo izimpawu iminyaka eminingi, kuze kube yilapho isimo sokuzivikela esiphansi senza ukuba khona kwezifo kanye nezifo ezithweni eziningi, kufaka phakathi namehlo, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukugwema le nkinga yokuvimbela izifo nokuhlolela ukutholwa kusenesikhathi. Zazi izimpawu eziyinhloko zengculazi nokuthi ungazi kanjani uma unalesi sifo.

Izifo ezinkulu zamehlo ezidalwa yi-HIV yilezi:

1. Ukulimala komthambo wegazi

Ama-Microangiopathies yizilonda ezitsheni ezincane ezinama-ocular ezibangela ukuphuma kwegazi noma ukuphuma kwegazi, okungashintsha amandla okubuka komuntu othintekile.

Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngemishanguzo yokuthithibalisa igciwane lengculazi, njengeZidovudine, iDidanosine noma iLamivudine, ngokwesibonelo, esetshenziswa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa ngudokotela wezifo ezithathelanayo. Qonda ukuthi ukwelashwa ngengculazi kwenziwa kanjani.

2. I-CMV retinitis

Ukutheleleka ngeCytomegalovirus (CMV) kuvame kakhulu kubantu abane-HIV, bekwazi ukudala i-retinitis enezilonda emithanjeni yegazi encane, ethinta izakhiwo zamehlo ezibalulekile futhi engaphazamisa ukubona. Lokhu kuthelela kuvame ukwenzeka ezimeni ze-AIDS ngokwehla okukhulu emazingeni e-CD4 molecule yokuvikela, engaba ngaphansi kwama-50 / mcL.

Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwama-antiviral agents, njengeGanciclovir, Foscarnete, Aciclovir noma iValganciclovir, ngokwesibonelo, ekhonjiswa ngudokotela wezifo. Ukwelashwa ngezidambisi gciwane nakho kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukwanda kokuzivikela komzimba nokuthamba kwezifo.

3. Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-Varicella zoster

Ukutheleleka kwamehlo ngegciwane le-varicella zoster kuvame ukudala izifo ezinzima kakhulu, ngamazinga ama-CD4 immune molecule angaphansi kwama-24 / mcL. Lokhu kutheleleka kubizwa ngokuthi yi-retinal necrosis syndrome eqhubekayo, futhi ibonakala ngokuqhamuka kwezilonda kwi-retina, ezingakhulisa futhi zonakalise yonke i-retina, okuholele ekuhlukaneni kwayo nasekulahlekelweni kombono.

Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokuqhubeka kwemishanguzo yokuthithibalisa igciwane lesandulela ngculaza, kepha akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthuthukisa isimo nokubuyiselwa okubonakalayo.

4. I-toxoplasmosis ye-Ocular

Abantu abanegciwane elibuthakathaka egciwaneni le-HIV maningi amathuba okuthi bathole i-toxoplasmosis ene-ocular, edluliswa ikakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi nokudla okungcolisiwe. Lokhu kutheleleka kuthinta kakhulu i-vitreous ne-retina, futhi kubangela izimpawu ezifana nokwehla kombono, ukuzwela ebuhlungwini bokukhanya noma beso.

Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinezakhi ezingama-antibiotic nezokulwa nokuvuvukala. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wamehlo angenza ukuhlinza okufana ne-photocoagulation, i-cryotherapy noma i-vitrectomy, njengendlela yokunciphisa izinkinga zesifo. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yini i-toxoplasmosis, ukuthi ungayithola kanjani nokuthi ungayelapha kanjani.

5. I-sarcoma kaKaposi

I-sarcoma kaKaposi iyisici sesimila sabantu abatheleleke nge-HIV, esithinta noma yisiphi isifunda esiqukethe ulwelwesi lwamafinyila, futhi singabonakala nasemehlweni, futhi sithinte kabi umbono.

Ukwelashwa kwenziwa nge-antiretroviral therapy, chemotherapy, futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo. Qondisisa kangcono ukuthi iyini i-sarcoma kaKaposi nokuthi ivela kanjani.

6. Ezinye izifo

Okunye ukutheleleka okuningana kungathinta umbono wabantu abane-HIV, kanti okunye kufaka i-herpes, i-gonorrhea, i-chlamydia noma i-candidiasis, ngokwesibonelo, konke okumele kulashwe ngudokotela wezifo ngokubambisana ne-ophthalmologist. Thola kabanzi mayelana nezifo ezihlobene nengculazi.