Kuyini i-Akathisia?

-Delile

• I-Akathisia vs. tardive dykinesia
• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Akathisia
• Izimbangela ze-Akathisia nezici zobungozi
• Kutholakala kanjani?
• Umbono

Ukubuka konke

I-Akathisia yisimo esidala umuzwa wokungahlaliseki kanye nesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuhamba. Leli gama livela egameni lesiGreki elithi "akathemi," elisho ukuthi "ungalokothi uhlale phansi."

I-Akathisia ingumphumela oseceleni wezidakamizwa ezindala, zesizukulwane sokuqala semithi elwa nokwelashwa esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo zempilo yengqondo njenge-bipolar disorder kanye ne-schizophrenia, kodwa futhi kungenzeka nange-antipsychotic entsha futhi. Baphakathi kwamaphesenti angama-20 kanye nama-75 abantu abaphuza le mithi banalo mthelela ongemuhle, ikakhulukazi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Isimo sihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ngokuya ngokuthi siqala nini:

• I-akathisia enamandla Ikhula ngemuva nje kokuba uqale ukuthatha umuthi, futhi ihlala isikhathi esingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.
• Tardive akathisia Kwenzeka izinyanga noma iminyaka ngemuva kokudla umuthi.
• I-akathisia engapheli ihlala izinyanga ezingaphezu kweziyisithupha.

I-Akathisia vs. tardive dykinesia

Odokotela bangaphutha i-akathisia ngesinye isifo sokunyakaza esibizwa nge-tardive dyskinesia. I-Tardive dyskinesia ngomunye umphumela ohlangothini wokwelashwa ngemithi elwa ne-psychotic. Kubanga ukunyakaza okungahleliwe - imvamisa ebusweni, ezingalweni, nasemgqonyeni. I-Akathisia ithinta kakhulu imilenze.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezimo ukuthi abantu abane-tardive dyskinesia abaqapheli ukuthi bayahamba. Labo abane-akathisia bayazi ukuthi bayahamba, futhi ukunyakaza kuyabacasula.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Abantu abane-akathisia bazizwa benesifiso esingalawuleki sokunyakaza kanye nomuzwa wokungahlaliseki. Ukwehlisa isifiso, bahlanganyela ekunyakazeni okuphindaphindayo okufana nalokhu:

• ukuzamazama emuva naphambili ngenkathi umile noma uhleli
• isisindo esigudlukayo sisuka komunye umlenze siye komunye
• ukuhamba endaweni
• ukuhamba kancane
• ukushova ngenkathi uhamba
• ephakamisa izinyawo sengathi uyamasha
• ukuwela nokuqaqa imilenze noma ukuguqula umlenze owodwa ngenkathi uhleli

Ezinye izimpawu zifaka:

• ukungezwani noma ukwethuka
• ukucasuka
• ukungabekezeli

Ukwelashwa kwe-Akathisia

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukususa kumuthi obangele i-akathisia. Imithi embalwa isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-akathisia, kufaka phakathi:

• imithi yengcindezi yegazi
• i-benzodiazepines, uhlobo lwe-tranquilizer
• izidakamizwa ze-anticholinergic
• imishanguzo elwa namagciwane

I-Vitamin B-6 nayo ingasiza. Ezifundweni, amanani aphezulu (1,200 milligrams) kavithamini B-6 athuthukise izimpawu ze-akathisia. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke amacala e-akathisia azokwazi ukwelashwa ngemithi.

I-Akathisia kulula ukuyivimbela kunokwelapha. Uma udinga isidakamizwa esinciphisa ubuchopho, udokotela wakho kufanele akuqale ngomthamo ophansi kakhulu futhi awukhulise kancane ngasikhathi.

Ukusebenzisa imishanguzo emisha yokwelapha imishanguzo kunganciphisa ubungozi be-akathisia. Kodwa-ke, kukhona okunye ukuthi ngisho nezidakamizwa ezintsha ze-antipsychotic zingadala lesi sibonakaliso.

Izimbangela ze-Akathisia nezici zobungozi

I-Akathisia ingumphumela oseceleni wemithi elwa ne-psychotic efana nale:

• i-chlorpromazine (i-Thorazine)
• i-flupenthixol (Fluanxol)
• i-fluphenazine (Prolixin)
• i-haloperidol (Haldol)
• i-loxapine (Loxitane)
• i-molindone (Moban)
• i-pimozide (Orap)
• i-prochlorperazine (Compro, Compazine)
• thioridazine (Mellaril)
• thiothixene (Navane)
• trifluoperazine (Stelazine)

Odokotela abazi imbangela ngqo yalo mphumela wecala. Kungenzeka ngoba izidakamizwa ezilwa nezengqondo zivimba ama-receptors we-dopamine ebuchosheni. I-Dopamine isithunywa samakhemikhali esisiza ukulawula ukunyakaza. Kodwa-ke, amanye ama-neurotransmitters afaka i-acetylcholine, i-serotonin, ne-GABA asanda kuthola ukunakekelwa okungenzeka ukuthi adlala indima kulesi simo.

I-Akathisia ayijwayelekile kangako ngama-antipsychotic esizukulwane sesibili. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nama-antipsychotic amasha kwesinye isikhathi angadala lo mphumela oseceleni.

Abantu abathatha lezi ezinye izidakamizwa bangaba sengozini ye-akathisia:

• i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors ekhethiwe (SSRIs)
• abavimba isiteshi se-calcium
• izidakamizwa zokulwa nemishanguzo
• izidakamizwa ezelapha i-vertigo
• izidambisi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa

Kungenzeka ukuthi uthole lesi simo uma:

• uphathwa ngemithi eqinile elwa nesizukulwane sokuqala
• uthola umthamo omkhulu womuthi
• udokotela wakho wandisa umthamo ngokushesha okukhulu
• ungumuntu ophakathi nendawo noma omdala

Izimo ezimbalwa zezokwelapha ziye zaxhunyaniswa ne-akathisia, kufaka phakathi:

• Isifo sikaParkinson
• i-encephalitis, uhlobo lokuvuvukala kobuchopho
• ukulimala okubuhlungu kwengqondo (i-TBI)

Kutholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela uzokubuka ukuze abone ukuthi:

• fidget
• zivame ukushintsha izikhundla
• uwele bese uqaqa imilenze yakho
• thepha izinyawo zakho
• dwala emuva naphambili ngenkathi uhleli
• shova imilenze yakho

Ungadinga izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi une-akathisia, hhayi isimo esifana ne:

• ukuphazamiseka okuvela ekuphazamisekeni kwemizwelo
• isifo semilenze esingenakuphumula (RLS)
• ukukhathazeka
• ukuhoxa ezidakamizweni
• i-tardive dyskinesia

Umbono

Uma usuyekile ukuthatha umuthi odale i-akathisia, uphawu kufanele luphele. Kodwa-ke, kunabantu abathile abangaqhubeka necala elincane, yize bemisa umuthi.

Kubalulekile ukuthi i-akathisia yelashwe ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma ishiywe ingalashwa kungenza isimilo se-psychotic sibe sibi kakhulu. Lesi simo singakuvimbela nokuthi uphuze umuthi owudinga ukwelapha ukugula ngengqondo.

Abanye abantu abane-akathisia bake baba nemicabango yokuzibulala noma indlela yokuziphatha enobudlova. I-Akathisia nayo ingakhuphula ubungozi bakho be-tardive dyskinesia.