Kuyini i-Anosmia?

-Delile

• Yini ebangela i-anosmia?
• Ukucasula ulwelwesi lwamafinyila olungaphakathi ekhaleni
• Ukuvalwa kwamaphaseji acinene
• Ukulimala kobuchopho noma kwemizwa
• I-anosmia itholakala kanjani?
• Yiziphi izinkinga ze-anosmia?
• Uphathwa kanjani u-anosmia?

Ukubuka konke

I-Anosmia ukulahlekelwa okuyingxenye noma okuphelele komuzwa wephunga. Lokhu kulahlekelwa kungaba kwesikhashana noma unomphela. Izimo ezivamile ezicasula ulwelwesi lwekhala, njengezinto ezingezwani nokwaliwa noma umkhuhlane, zingaholela ku-anosmia wesikhashana.

Izimo ezibucayi kakhulu ezithinta ubuchopho noma izinzwa, ezinjengezicubu zobuchopho noma ukuhlukunyezwa ekhanda, kungadala ukulahlekelwa unomphela. Ukuguga kwesinye isikhathi kubanga i-anosmia.

I-Anosmia imvamisa ayibi yimbi, kepha ingaba nomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi yokuphila komuntu.

Abantu abane-anosmia bangase bangakwazi ukunambitha ngokuphelele ukudla futhi bangalahlekelwa intshisekelo yokudla. Lokhu kungaholela ekunciphiseni isisindo noma ukungondleki. I-Anosmia nayo ingaholela ekucindezelekeni ngoba ingaphazamisa ikhono lomuntu lokuhogela noma lokunambitha ukudla okumnandi.

Yini ebangela i-anosmia?

I-Anosmia ivame ukubangelwa ukuvuvukala noma ukuvaleka emakhaleni okuvimbela iphunga ukuthi lifinyelele phezulu ekhaleni. I-Anosmia kwesinye isikhathi ibangelwa inkinga ngohlelo oluthumela amasiginali kusuka ekhaleni aye ebuchosheni.

Ngezansi kunezimbangela eziyinhloko ze-anosmia:

Ukucasula ulwelwesi lwamafinyila olungaphakathi ekhaleni

Lokhu kungavela ku:

• izifo zesinus
• imikhuhlane ejwayelekile
• ukubhema
• umkhuhlane, noma umkhuhlane
• ukungezwani komzimba (i-allergen rhinitis)
• Ukucinana okungamahlalakhona akuhlobene nokungezwani komzimba (i-nonallergic rhinitis)

Umkhuhlane uyimbangela evame kakhulu yokulahlekelwa iphunga ngokwengxenye nangokwesikhashana. Kulezi zimo, i-anosmia izohamba yodwa.

Ukuvalwa kwamaphaseji acinene

Ukulahleka kwephunga kungenzeka uma kukhona okuthile okuvimba ukuhamba komoya emakhaleni. Lokhu kungafaka:

• izimila
• polyp acinene
• ukukhubazeka kwamathambo ngaphakathi kwekhala noma i-septum yamakhala

Ukulimala kobuchopho noma kwemizwa

Kunama-receptors ngaphakathi kwekhala athumela imininingwane ngemithambo yobuchopho. I-Anosmia ingenzeka uma kukhona ingxenye yale ndlela elimele. Kunezimo eziningi ezingadala lo monakalo, kufaka phakathi:

• ukuguga
• Isifo i-Alzheimer's
• izicubu zobuchopho
• Isifo sikaHuntington
• izinkinga ze-hormonal
• i-thyroid engasebenzi
• imithi, kufaka phakathi amanye ama-antibiotic nemithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme
• i-multiple sclerosis
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• schizophrenia
• isithuthwane
• isifo sikashukela
• ukuvezwa kumakhemikhali ashisa ingaphakathi lekhala lakho
• ukulimala ebuchosheni noma ekhanda
• ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho
• ukungondleki kanye nokushoda kwamavithamini
• ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• ukuphuza ngokweqile isikhathi eside
• unhlangothi

Ezimweni ezingavamile, abantu bazalwa bengenawo umuzwa wephunga ngenxa yesimo sofuzo. Lokhu kubizwa nge-nasogen anos anos.

I-anosmia itholakala kanjani?

Ukulahleka kwephunga kunzima ukukala. Udokotela wakho angakubuza imibuzo ethile mayelana nezimpawu zakho zamanje, ahlole ikhala lakho, enze ukuhlolwa okuphelele komzimba, futhi abuze ngomlando wakho wezempilo.

Bangase babuze imibuzo mayelana nokuthi yaqala nini inkinga, uma kuthinteka zonke noma ezinye izinhlobo zephunga kuphela, nokuthi ungakunambitha yini ukudla noma cha. Ngokuya ngezimpendulo zakho, udokotela wakho angenza nohlolo olulodwa noma eziningi ezilandelayo:

• Ama-CT scan, asebenzisa ama-X-ray ukwakha isithombe esinemininingwane yobuchopho
• I-MRI scan, esebenzisa amagagasi omsakazo nozibuthe ukubuka ubuchopho
• I-X-ray yogebhezi
• i-endoscopy yamakhala ukubheka ngaphakathi kwekhala lakho

Yiziphi izinkinga ze-anosmia?

Abantu abane-anosmia bangalahlekelwa intshisekelo yokudla nokudla, okuholele ekungondlekeni nasekunciphiseni isisindo.

Abantu abane-anosmia kufanele baqiniseke ukuthi banama-alamu wentuthu asebenzayo emakhaya abo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kufanele futhi baqaphele ngokugcinwa kokudla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwegesi yemvelo ngoba bangaba nenkinga yokuthola ukudla okonakele nokuvuza kwegesi.

Izinyathelo zokuqapha ezinconyiwe zifaka:

• ukufaka ilebula ngokufanelekile ngezinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi
• amalebula okufunda kumakhemikhali afana nokuhlanza ikhishi kanye nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane
• usebenzisa izinto zikagesi

Uphathwa kanjani u-anosmia?

Ukwelashwa kuya ngesizathu. Uma ukulahleka kwephunga kwenzeka ngokutheleleka okubandayo, ukungezwani komzimba, noma i-sinus, ngokujwayelekile kuzozicacela ngokwako ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho uma i-anosmia ingasuki lapho izimpawu ezibandayo noma zokungezwani komzimba sezihlile.

Ukwelashwa okungasiza ukuxazulula i-anosmia ebangelwa ukucasuka kwamakhala kufaka:

• ama-decongestants
• ama-antihistamine
• izifutho ze-steroid nasal
• ama-antibiotic, wokutheleleka kwamagciwane
• ukunciphisa ukuvezwa kokucasula kwamakhala kanye nama-allergen
• ukuyeka ukubhema

Ukulahleka kwephunga okubangelwa ukuvinjelwa kwamakhala kungalashwa ngokususa noma yini evimba indlela yakho yamakhala. Lokhu kususwa kungabandakanya inqubo yokususa ama-polyps acinene, ukuqondisa i-septum yamakhala, noma ukusula izoni.

Abantu abadala basengozini yokulahlekelwa umuzwa wokuhogela unomphela.

Akukho ukwelashwa okutholakalayo njengamanje kubantu abane-anosmia yokuzalwa.

Abantu abanokulahleka okuncane kwenzwa yabo yokuhogela bangeza izinto zokugcoba ezigxile ekudleni ukuze bathuthukise ukujabulela kwabo.