Ukulahleka kwephunga (anosmia): izimbangela eziyinhloko nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimbangela eziyinhloko
• Ingabe ukutheleleka kwe-COVID-19 kungadala i-anosmia?
• Ukuthi ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa kanjani
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Anosmia yisimo sezokwelapha esifana nokulahlekelwa okuphelele noma okuncane kwephunga. Lokhu kulahlekelwa kungahle kuhlotshaniswe nezimo zesikhashana, njengalapho kubanda noma umkhuhlane, kepha futhi kungavela ngenxa yezinguquko ezinzima kakhulu noma ezingapheli, njengokuvezwa yimisebe noma ukukhula kwezimila, ngokwesibonelo.

Njengoba iphunga lihlobene ngqo nokunambitheka, umuntu ophethwe i-anosmia imvamisa futhi akakwazi ukuhlukanisa ama-flavour, yize esenombono wokuthi yini emnandi, enosawoti, ebabayo noma emuncu.

Ukulahleka kwephunga kungahlukaniswa ku:

• U-anosmia oyingxenye: kuthathwa njengohlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-anosmia futhi imvamisa kuhlobene nomkhuhlane, imikhuhlane noma ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile;
• Unomphelo anosmia: kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezingozi ezidala ukulimala unomphela kwezinzwa noma ngenxa yezifo ezimbi ezithinta ikhala, ngaphandle kokwelapha.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-anosmia kwenziwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-otorhinolaryngologist ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo ze-imaging, njenge-nasal endoscopy, ngokwesibonelo, ukuze imbangela ibonwe futhi, ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kungakhonjiswa.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko

Ezimweni eziningi, i-anosmia ibangelwa yizimo ezikhuthaza ukucasuka kocwecwe lwekhala, okusho ukuthi iphunga alikwazi ukudlula futhi lihunyushwe. Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zifaka:

• I-rhinitis yokungezwani nokwaliwa;
• Sinusitis;
• Umkhuhlane noma ukubanda;
• Ukuvezwa kwentuthu nokuhogela;
• Ukulimala okubuhlungu kwengqondo;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlobo zemithi noma ukuvezwa amakhemikhali.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izimo ezingavamile kakhulu ezingabangela i-anosmia ngenxa yekhala elivinjiwe, njengama-polyp nasal, ukukhubazeka kwamakhala noma ukuthuthukiswa kwezicubu. Ezinye izifo ezithinta izinzwa noma ubuchopho nazo zingadala ushintsho ephungeni, njengesifo i-Alzheimer's, i-multiple sclerosis, isithuthwane noma izicubu zobuchopho.

Ngakho-ke, noma nini lapho ukulahleka kwephunga kuvela ngaphandle kwesizathu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxhumana nodokotela we-otorhinolaryngologist, ukuqonda ukuthi yini imbangela engaba khona futhi uqale ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

Ingabe ukutheleleka kwe-COVID-19 kungadala i-anosmia?

Ngokwemibiko eminingana yabantu abangenwe yigciwane le-coronavirus entsha, ukulahleka kwephunga kubonakala kuyisifo esijwayele ukwenzeka, futhi kungaqhubeka amasonto ambalwa, noma ngabe ezinye izimpawu sezinyamalele.

Bheka izimpawu eziyinhloko zokutheleleka nge-COVID-19 bese wenza ukuhlolwa kwethu ku-inthanethi.

Ukuthi ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukwenziwa yi-otorhinolaryngologist futhi kuqala ngokuhlolwa kwezimpawu zomuntu nomlando wezokwelapha, ukuqonda ukuthi ngabe kunanoma isiphi isimo esingahle sidale ukucasuka kwe-mucosa yamakhala.

Ngokuya ngalokhu kuhlola, udokotela futhi anga-oda ezinye izivivinyo ezengeziwe, njenge-endoscopy yamakhala noma i-imagination resonance magnetic, ngokwesibonelo.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-anosmia kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesizathu ekuqaleni. Ezimweni ezivame kakhulu ze-anosmia ezibangelwa imikhuhlane, umkhuhlane noma ukungezwani komzimba, ukuphumula, ukufuthwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-antihistamine, ama-decongestants acinene noma ama-corticosteroids ngokuvamile anconywa ukunciphisa izimpawu.

Lapho kutholakala ukutheleleka ezindleleni zomoya, udokotela angabuye anikeze ukusetshenziswa kwe-antibiotic, kodwa kuphela uma kubangelwa amagciwane.

Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, lapho kungahle kube nohlobo oluthile lokuvinjelwa kwekhala noma lapho i-anosmia ibangelwa izinguquko ezinzwa noma ebuchosheni, udokotela angadlulisela lowo muntu kokunye okukhethekile, njenge-neurology, ukuze phatha imbangela yendlela efaneleke kakhulu.