Ama-Antibiotic vs. Amagciwane: Ukulwa Nenkinga

-Delile

• Uhlaka Lwevidiyo
• Okulotshiwe
• Imininingwane Yevidiyo

Uhlaka Lwevidiyo

0:38 I-antimicrobial resistance epidemiology

1:02 Izibonelo zamagciwane amelana nawo

1:11 Isifo Sofuba

1:31 Isifo sokuvuza njalo

1:46 UMRSA

2:13 Kanjani ukumelana elwa namagciwane kwenzeka?

3:25 Yini ongayenza ukulwa nemithi elwa namagciwane?

4:32 Ucwaningo kwa-NIAID

Okulotshiwe

IMedlinePlus inikeza: Imithi elwa namagciwane vs. Amagciwane: Ukulwa Nenkinga.

Kuthiwani uma singeke sikwazi ukulwa?

Isifo sofuba. Isifo sokuqhuma. MRSA.

Lezi zinambuzane ezimbi zithathwa yiNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, noma i-NIAID, njengezinye zezinto ezisongela kakhulu emhlabeni namuhla.

Bonke bajoyine i-RESISTANCE.

Lokho kungukuphikiswa kwama-antimicrobial, ukuze kucace. Amagciwane afana nalawa asheshe athole ikhono lokuvimbela ama-antibiotic ethu, ashiye ukutheleleka kunzima kakhulu ukuselapha. Futhi leyo yinkinga enkulu.

I-CDC ilinganisela ukuthi minyaka yonke, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili e-US bayagula ngenxa yokutheleleka ngemithi elwa namagciwane, okuholela okungenani ekufeni kwabantu abangama-23,000. Okukhathazayo ukuthi amanye amabhaktheriya angajoyina lokhu kumelana ngokushesha kunokuba singahlakulela izixazululo, noma ukuthi amabhaktheriya angangeneki kuma-antibiotic amaningi, okuholela ezifweni ezingalashwa.

Angobani la magciwane?

Izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene zamagciwane zenze ukumelana namagciwane, kepha ezinye zikhathaza kakhulu kunezinye.

Isifo sofuba, noma i-TB, singumbulali wezifo ezithathelwanayo ohamba phambili emhlabeni, uthatha izimpilo zabantu abayisigidi nesigamu minyaka yonke. I-TB kunzima ukuyelapha, kanti ezinye izinhlobo ezingazweli zidinga ukwelashwa nsuku zonke ngemithi eminingi, kufaka phakathi izinyanga zomjovo obuhlungu nemiphumela emibi engashiya iziguli izithulu.

I-gonorrhea iyakhathaza ngoba izingqinamba ziye zamelana nazo zonke ngaphandle kwama-antibiotic ambalwa. Lesi sifo esithathelwana ngocansi singabelana ngezakhi zofuzo zokumelana phakathi kwama-bacteria, sandise ijubane lokumelana.

I-Staphylococcus aureus, noma i-Staph, ikuyo yonke indawo: ezintweni zethu zomuntu siqu, isikhumba sethu, emakhaleni ethu. IStaph imvamisa ayiyona ingozi. Kepha uma sekukhona, kungaba nzima ukwelapha ikakhulukazi ezimweni zeMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, noma i-MRSA, manje esiphethwe ama-2% aseMelika.

Lawa nje amanye amagciwane ahamba phambili ekumelaneni. Kukhona abanye, futhi abaningi bayeza.

Kwenzeka kanjani ukumelana?

Ukumelana kwenzeka ngokushesha ngenxa yokusebenzisa ngokweqile nokusetshenziswa kabi kwama-antibiotic isikhathi eside, njengokungaqedi izifundo zokulwa namagciwane njengoba kunqunyiwe, nokusebenzisa ama-antibiotic kwezolimo ukukhuthaza ukukhula ezilwaneni. Amagciwane ayanda ngokushesha okukhulu, kangangokuthi ngisho noma besingaba ne-antibiotic ephelele, bekungase kuqhubeke ukumelana nayo.

Futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho sisebenzisa ama-antibiotic, kunethuba lokuthi amanye amabhaktheriya asinde ngenxa yezinguquko kwi-DNA yawo. I-DNA ingabhala izinzuzo zokusinda njenge:

Ukushintsha indawo yeseli yegciwane, ukuvimbela ama-antibiotic ukuthi anganamathiseli noma angene.

Ukwenza amaphampu akhafula ama-antibiotic ngaphambi kokuba abe nethuba lokusebenza.

Noma ukudala ama-enzyme "anciphisa" ama-antibiotic.

Ama-antibiotic azobulala amabhaktheriya amaningi, kufaka phakathi amabhaktheriya awusizo emzimbeni wethu.

Kepha amabhaktheriya anezinzuzo angaphila futhi azalane.

Ama-bacteria amelana nawo angadlulisela ushintsho lwe-DNA enzalweni yawo, noma kwesinye isikhathi nakwelinye, ukuze enze izinhlobo ezintsha zamagciwane amelana nemithi elwa namagciwane.

Yini ongayenza ukulwa nokuphikisana?

Ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotic ambalwa njengomphakathi kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukumelana, konga ama-antibiotic uma kufaneleka kakhulu.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuvimbela isidingo semithi elwa namagciwane ngokugwema ukutheleleka, ngokwesibonelo ngokugeza izandla, ukugoma nokulungiselela ukudla okuphephile.

Ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotic ngendlela efanele nakho kuyasiza, njengokuthatha izifundo ezinqunyiwe zama-antibiotic njengoba kuqondiswe ukugwema ukushiya amagciwane ngemuva nokubanikeza ithuba lokumelana nawo. Ukweqiwa kwemithi elwa namagciwane kungavumela indawo engcono yokuthi amabhaktheriya amelana nawo ande futhi abangele ukutheleleka okungazweli.

Ngokufanisa ama-antibiotic athile namagciwane abangela ukutheleleka, abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo bangalwa nemithi elwa namagciwane ngokunciphisa inani namandla eziguli ezithatha iziguli. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izifo azisakwazi ukumelana nemithi elwa namagciwane! Futhi, ama-antibiotic akufanele anikezwe izifo ezithathelwanayo njengemikhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, ngoba amagciwane awathinteki ngama-antibiotics.

Ucwaningo kwa-NIAID

I-NIAID icwaninga ngezindlela zokulwa nenkinga yokumelana namagciwane.Izindlela eziningi ziyahlolwa, kufaka phakathi ukuthola ama-antibiotic amasha aveza ubuthakathaka kumjikelezo wempilo yebhaktheriya, kubhekwa izindlela zokuqinisa amasosha omzimba ukulwa nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ukudala imiphakathi yamagciwane emisa imiphumela yebhaktheriya elithathelwanayo, kusetshenziswa amagciwane akhethekile ahlose futhi ubulale amagciwane athathelanayo, nokwenza ngcono izivivinyo zokuxilonga ukuze kubhekiswe kangcono amabhaktheriya ngama-antibiotic afanele kakhulu.

Ngemikhuba emihle yezempilo yomphakathi kanye nocwaningo olunqenqemeni, singakwazi ukuhambisana nokwenqaba, kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo ngokujwayelekile, kepha sonke kudingeka sisebenzisane ukuze sihlale sinyathelo elilodwa phambili.

Thola ucwaningo oluthile lwezindaba zakamuva nezindaba ezivela ku-mlinelineus.gov naku-NIH MedlinePlus umagazini, medlineplus.gov/magazine, futhi ufunde kabanzi ngocwaningo lweNIAID ku- niaid.nih.gov.

Imininingwane Yevidiyo

Ishicilelwe ngoMashi 14, 2018

Buka le vidiyo ohlwini lwadlalwayo lweMedlinePlus esiteshini se-YouTube se-U.S. National Library of Medicine ku: https://youtu.be/oLPAodRN1b0

ISILINGANISO: UJeff Day

I-INTERN: UPriscilla Seah

UKULANDISA: UJennifer Sun Bell

UMCULO: IDa Bakkwo Instrumental, kaJin Yeop Cho, uMarc Ferrari, noMat Hirt nge-Killer Amaculo