Isifo samathambo

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu zesifo samathambo?
• Yini ebangela i-arthritis?
• Sitholakala kanjani isifo samathambo?
• Selashwa kanjani isifo samathambo?
• Imithi
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba
• Yiziphi izinguquko zokuphila ezingasiza abantu abane-arthritis?
• Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside wabantu abane-arthritis?

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Siyini isifo samathambo?

I-arthritis ukuvuvukala kwamalunga. Kungathinta ukujoyina okukodwa noma amalunga amaningi. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 ezihlukene zesifo samathambo, ezinezimbangela ezahlukene nezindlela zokwelashwa. Izinhlobo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu i-osteoarthritis (OA) nesifo samathambo (RA).

Izimpawu zesifo samathambo zivame ukukhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kepha zingavela ngokuzumayo. I-arthritis ivame ukubonakala kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65, kodwa futhi ingakhula nasezinganeni, intsha nasebekhulile. I-arthritis ivame kakhulu kubantu besifazane kunabesilisa nakubantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo samathambo?

Ubuhlungu obuhlangene, ukuqina nokuvuvukala yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu ze-arthritis. Uhla lwakho lokunyakaza lungancipha futhi, futhi ungahle ubhekane nokubomvu kwesikhumba esizungeze ilunga. Abantu abaningi abane-arthritis baqaphela ukuthi izimpawu zabo zimbi kakhulu ekuseni.

Endabeni ye-RA, ungazizwa ukhathele noma uzizwe ulahlekelwe isifiso sokudla ngenxa yokuvuvukala okubangelwa umsebenzi wamasosha omzimba. Ungase futhi ube ne-anemic - okusho ukuthi inani lakho lamaseli abomvu liyancipha - noma ube nomkhuhlane omncane. I-RA enamandla ingadala ukukhubazeka ngokuhlanganyela uma iyekwa ingalashwa.

Yini ebangela i-arthritis?

I-Cartilage iyisicubu esiqinile kodwa esiguquguqukayo samalunga akho. Kuvikela amajoyinti ngokumunca ingcindezi nokwethuka okwenziwe lapho unyakaza futhi uwafaka ingcindezi. Ukwehliswa kwenani elijwayelekile lalesi sicubu se-cartilage kubangela ezinye izinhlobo zesifo samathambo.

Ukwehla nokudabuka okujwayelekile kubanga i-OA, okungenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zesifo samathambo. Ukutheleleka noma ukulimala emajoyini kungandisa lokhu kuphuka kwemvelo kwezicubu ze-cartilage. Ingozi yakho yokuthola i-OA ingaba phezulu uma unomlando womndeni wesifo.

Olunye uhlobo olujwayelekile lwe-arthritis, i-RA, yisifo sokuzimela komzimba. Kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wakho ehlasela izicubu zomzimba.Lokhu kuhlasela kuthinta i-synovium, isicubu esithambile emajoyintini akho esikhiqiza uketshezi olondla uqwanga futhi luthambise amalunga.

I-RA yisifo se-synovium esizohlasela futhi sichithe ukuhlangana. Kungagcina kuholele ekubhujisweni kwamathambo noqwanga ngaphakathi kwejoyinti.

Imbangela ngqo yokuhlaselwa kwamasosha omzimba ayikaziwa. Kepha ososayensi bathole izimpawu zofuzo ezikhulisa ubungozi bakho bokuthola i-RA kahlanu.

Sitholakala kanjani isifo samathambo?

Ukubona udokotela wakho wokunakekelwa okuyisinyathelo sokuqala esihle uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi ubani ozobheka ukuxilongwa kwe-arthritis. Bazokwenza isivivinyo somzimba ukubheka uketshezi oluzungeze amalunga, amalunga afudumele noma abomvu, nobubanzi obulinganiselwe bokunyakaza emajoyintini. Udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kuchwepheshe uma kudingeka.

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima, ungakhetha ukuhlela i-aphoyintimenti ne-rheumatologist kuqala. Lokhu kungaholela ekuxilongweni nasekwelashweni ngokushesha.

Ukukhipha nokuhlaziya amazinga okuvuvukala egazini lakho naseziketsheni ezihlangene kungasiza udokotela wakho anqume ukuthi unaluphi uhlobo lwe-arthritis onayo. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlola izinhlobo ezithile zama-antibody afana ne-anti-CCP (anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide), i-RF (i-rheumatoid factor), ne-ANA (i-antinuclear antibody) nakho kuyizinto ezivame ukuhlolwa.

Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa ukuskena kwe-imaging njenge-X-ray, i-MRI, ne-CT scan ukukhiqiza isithombe samathambo akho kanye noqwanga. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthi zikwazi ukulawula ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu zakho, njengamathambo.

Selashwa kanjani isifo samathambo?

Inhloso enkulu yokwelashwa ukunciphisa inani lobuhlungu obuzwayo nokuvimbela ukulimala okwengeziwe emajoyini. Uzofunda ukuthi yini okusebenzela kangcono ngokulawula izinhlungu. Abanye abantu bathola amaphakethe okushisa namaphakethe e-ice kuthobisa. Abanye basebenzisa amadivayisi wosizo lokuhamba, njengezindondolo noma ama-walkers, ukusiza ukususa ingcindezi kumajoyini abuhlungu.

Ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwakho ngokuhlanganyela nakho kubalulekile. Udokotela wakho angakunika inhlanganisela yezindlela zokwelashwa ukufeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Thenga amapayipi wokushisa ukuze kutholakale ubuhlungu.

Imithi

Izinhlobo eziningi zemithi yokwelapha i-arthritis:

• Ama-analgesics, njenge-hydrocodone (i-Vicodin) noma i-acetaminophen (i-Tylenol), iyasebenza ekulawuleni ubuhlungu, kepha ayisizi ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID), njenge-ibuprofen (Advil) nama-salicylates, kusiza ukulawula ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Ama-salicylates anganciphisa igazi, ngakho-ke kufanele asetshenziswe ngokucophelela ngemithi yokwengeza yegazi eyengeziwe.
• Menthol noma I-capsaicinokhilimu vimba ukudluliswa kwezimpawu zobuhlungu emajoyintini akho.
• Ama-immunosuppressants njenge-prednisone noma i-cortisone isiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.

Uma une-RA, udokotela wakho angakufaka kuma-corticosteroids noma emishanguzweni yokulungisa izifo (i-DMARD), ecindezela amasosha akho omzimba. Kukhona nemithi eminingi yokwelapha i-OA etholakala ekhawunteni noma ngencwadi kadokotela.

Thenga okhilimu be-capsaicin ukuze udambise izinhlungu.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa ukufaka esikhundleni sokujoyina kwakho okufakelwayo kungaba yindlela. Le ndlela yokuhlinzwa yenziwa kakhulu ukufaka izikhala ezinqeni nasemadolweni.

Uma i-arthritis yakho inzima kakhulu eminwe noma ezihlakalweni zakho, udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlanganiswa okuhlangene. Kule nqubo, imikhawulo yamathambo akho iboshwe ndawonye aze aphole futhi abe munye.

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba okubandakanya ukuvivinya umzimba okusiza ukuqinisa imisipha ezungeze ilunga elithintekile kuyisici esiyinhloko sokwelapha i-arthritis.

Yiziphi izinguquko zokuphila ezingasiza abantu abane-arthritis?

Ukwehla kwesisindo nokugcina isisindo esinempilo kunciphisa amathuba okuba ne-OA futhi kunganciphisa izimpawu uma usunayo.

Ukudla ukudla okunempilo kubalulekile ekwehliseni isisindo. Ukukhetha ukudla okunama-antioxidants amaningi, njengezithelo ezintsha, imifino, namakhambi, kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Okunye ukudla okwehlisa ukuvuvukala kufaka phakathi inhlanzi namantongomane.

Ukudla ukunciphisa noma ukugwema uma une-arthritis kubandakanya ukudla okuthosiwe, ukudla okusetshenzisiwe, imikhiqizo yobisi, nokudla okuphezulu kwenyama.

Olunye ucwaningo luphakamisa nokuthi ama-antibodies e-gluten angaba khona kubantu abane-RA. Ukudla okungenayo i-gluten kungathuthukisa izimpawu nokwanda kwezifo. Ucwaningo lwango-2015 luphakamisa nokudla okungenagluten kubo bonke abantu abathola ukuxilongwa kwesifo sezicubu ezixhunyanisiwe.

Ukuzivocavoca njalo kuzogcina amalunga akho eguquguquka. Ukubhukuda kaningi kuyindlela enhle yokuzivocavoca kubantu abane-arthritis ngoba akubeki ingcindezi emajoyintini akho ngendlela okugijima nokuhamba ngayo. Ukuhlala usebenza kubalulekile, kepha futhi kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi uyaphumula lapho udinga futhi ugweme ukuzikhandla ngokweqile.

Ukuzivocavoca kwasekhaya ongazama ukukufaka:

• ukuthambeka kwekhanda, ukujikeleza kwentamo, nokunye ukuvivinya umzimba ukudambisa izinhlungu entanyeni yakho
• ukugoba kweminwe nesithupha kuyagoba ukunciphisa izinhlungu ezandleni zakho
• ukuphakama kwemilenze, ukwelulwa kwemisipha, nokunye ukuvivinya umzimba okulula kwesifo samathambo

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside wabantu abane-arthritis?

Ngenkathi lungekho ikhambi le-arthritis, ukwelashwa okufanele kungazinciphisa kakhulu izimpawu zakho.

Ngaphezu kokwelashwa okunconywa udokotela wakho, ungenza izinguquko eziningi zendlela yokuphila ezingakusiza ukuphatha i-arthritis yakho.