Buza Isazi: Sixhunyaniswa Kanjani Uhlobo 2 Sikashukela Nenhliziyo Yezempilo

-Delile

• 1. Yini ukuxhumana phakathi kohlobo lwesibili sikashukela nempilo yenhliziyo?
• 2. Yiziphi izinyathelo engingazithatha ukuvimbela izinkinga zohlobo lwesibili sikashukela?
• 3. Yiziphi ezinye izinto ezingibeka engcupheni enkulu yesifo senhliziyo?
• 4. Ngabe udokotela uzoqapha ubungozi enginabo besifo senhliziyo, futhi ngizodinga ukusibona kaningi kangakanani?
• 5. Yikuphi ukuhlolwa odokotela abazokusebenzisa ukuqapha impilo yami yenhliziyo?
• 6. Nginganciphisa kanjani umfutho wegazi wami onesifo sikashukela?
• 7. Ngingayinciphisa kanjani i-cholesterol yami enesifo sikashukela?
• 8. Ngabe kukhona yini ukwelashwa engingakuthatha ukuvikela inhliziyo yami?
• 9. Ingabe zikhona izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zokuthi ngiba nesifo senhliziyo?

1. Yini ukuxhumana phakathi kohlobo lwesibili sikashukela nempilo yenhliziyo?

Ukuhlangana phakathi kohlobo lwesibili sikashukela nempilo yenhliziyo kukabili.

Okokuqala, thayipha i-2 yesifo sikashukela ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezici zobungozi benhliziyo. Lokhu kufaka umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephezulu nokukhuluphala.

Okwesibili, isifo sikashukela uqobo sandisa ubungozi besifo senhliziyo. Isifo se-atherosclerotic senhliziyo siyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa kwabantu abanesifo sikashukela. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukushaywa unhlangothi, nesifo semithambo yegazi.

Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo nakho kwenzeka kaningi kubantu abaphila nesifo sikashukela.

Ungazama umshini wokubala we-American College of Cardiology ukulinganisa ingozi yakho yeminyaka eyi-10 yesifo senhliziyo.

2. Yiziphi izinyathelo engingazithatha ukuvimbela izinkinga zohlobo lwesibili sikashukela?

Uhlobo lwesibili sikashukela luhlotshaniswa nezinkinga ze-microvascular kanye ne-macrovascular.

Izinkinga ze-Microvascular zibandakanya ukulimala emithanjeni yegazi encane. Lokhu kufaka:

• i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela, okungukulimaza kwamehlo
• nephropathy, okuyinto ukulimala kwezinso
• i-neuropathy, okungukulimala kwemizwa yezinzwa

Izinkinga ze-Macrovascular zibandakanya ukulimala emithanjeni emikhulu yegazi. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, ukushaywa unhlangothi, nesifo semithambo yegazi.

Ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini kunganciphisa amathuba akho ezinkinga ze-microvascular. Izinhloso zikashukela egazini zixhomeke kubudala bakho kanye nokuqina. Iningi labantu kufanele ligcine ushukela wegazi of 80 to 130 mg / dL fast, nangaphansi kuka-160 mg / dL emahoreni amabili ngemuva kokudla, nge-A1C engaphansi kuka-7.

Unganciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga ezinkulu ngokuphathelene ne-cholesterol yakho, umfutho wegazi nesifo sikashukela. Udokotela wakho futhi angancoma izinguquko ze-aspirin nezindlela zokuphila, njengokuyeka ukubhema.

3. Yiziphi ezinye izinto ezingibeka engcupheni enkulu yesifo senhliziyo?

Ngaphezu kohlobo lwesibili sikashukela, izici ezinobungozi zesifo senhliziyo zifaka:

• ubudala
• ukubhema
• umlando womndeni wezinkinga zenhliziyo
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• cholesterol ephezulu
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• amazinga aphezulu we-albhamuin, iphrotheni emchameni wakho
• isifo esingapheliyo sezinso

Awukwazi ukushintsha izinto ezithile eziyingozi, njengomlando womndeni wakho, kodwa ezinye ziyelapheka.

4. Ngabe udokotela uzoqapha ubungozi enginabo besifo senhliziyo, futhi ngizodinga ukusibona kaningi kangakanani?

Uma usanda kutholakala ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, udokotela wakho wokunakekela oyinhloko ngokuvamile ungumuntu ozokusiza ukuphatha isifo sikashukela nezici zobungozi benhliziyo. Ungadinga futhi ukubona i-endocrinologist yokuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela okuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuvama kokuvakashelwa udokotela kuyahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Noma kunjalo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuthi uhlolwe okungenani kabili ngonyaka uma isimo sakho silawulwa kahle. Uma isifo sikashukela siyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho cishe kane ngonyaka.

Uma udokotela wakho esola isimo senhliziyo, kufanele bakudlulisele kudokotela wenhliziyo ukuze ahlolwe ngokukhethekile.

5. Yikuphi ukuhlolwa odokotela abazokusebenzisa ukuqapha impilo yami yenhliziyo?

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha izinto ezinobungozi benhliziyo yakho ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kwelebhu, kanye ne-electrocardiogram (EKG).

Uma izimpawu zakho noma ukuphumula kwe-EKG kungavamile, izivivinyo ezengeziwe zingafaka ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka, i-echocardiogram, noma i-coronary angiography. Uma udokotela wakho esola isifo semithambo yegazi noma isifo se-carotid, bangasebenzisa i-Doppler ultrasound.

6. Nginganciphisa kanjani umfutho wegazi wami onesifo sikashukela?

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu uyingcuphe kuzo zombili izifo zenhliziyo nezinso, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusigcina silawulwa. Imvamisa, sikhomba umfutho wegazi ongaphansi kuka-140/90 kubantu abaningi. Kwezinye izimo, njengabantu abanesifo sezinso noma senhliziyo, sibhekisa ngaphansi kuka-130/80 uma izinombolo eziphansi zingatholakala ngokuphepha.

Ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi lakho kufaka inhlanganisela yezinguquko zendlela yokuphila nemithi. Uma uthathwa njengokhuluphele ngokweqile noma ukhuluphele ngokweqile, kunconywa ukunciphisa umzimba.

Kufanele futhi wenze izinguquko ekudleni kwakho, njengokulandela indlela yokudla ye-DASH (Indlela Yezokudla Yokumisa I-Hypertension). Lokhu kudla kudinga ngaphansi kuka-2.3 g we-sodium ngosuku kanye nezinsiza ezingu-8 kuya kwezingu-10 zezithelo nemifino ngosuku. Iqukethe nemikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha aphansi.

Kufanele futhi ugweme ukuphuza ngokweqile futhi wandise amazinga womsebenzi wakho.

7. Ngingayinciphisa kanjani i-cholesterol yami enesifo sikashukela?

Ukudla kwakho kudlala indima enkulu emazingeni akho e-cholesterol. Kufanele usebenzise amafutha amaningi angagcwele futhi adlulise, futhi wandise ukusetshenziswa kwakho kwama-omega-3 fatty acids kanye nefayibha yokudla. Ukudla okubili okusizayo ukuphatha i-cholesterol kungukudla kwe-DASH nokudla kwaseMedithera.

Kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuphula amazinga womsebenzi wakho womzimba futhi.

Ngokwengxenye enkulu, abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kufanele futhi bathathe umuthi we-statin ukwehlisa i-cholesterol yabo. Ngisho ne-cholesterol ejwayelekile, le mithi ikhonjisiwe ukunciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga zenhliziyo.

Uhlobo nobukhulu besidakamizwa se-statin namanani we-cholesterol ehlosiwe ancike ezintweni eziningana. Lokhu kufaka iminyaka yakho, ama-comorbidities, kanye nengozi yakho ebekiwe yeminyaka eyi-10 yesifo semithambo ye-atherosclerotic. Uma ingozi yakho ingaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-20, uzodinga ukwelashwa okunolaka kakhulu.

8. Ngabe kukhona yini ukwelashwa engingakuthatha ukuvikela inhliziyo yami?

Indlela yokuphila enempilo ihlanganisa ukudla okunempilo, ukugwema ukubhema, nokuvivinya umzimba njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izinto ezinobungozi benhliziyo kumele zilawulwe. Lokhu kufaka umfutho wegazi, isifo sikashukela, ne-cholesterol.

Iningi labantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 kufanele futhi bathathe umuthi we-statin ukunciphisa amathuba omcimbi we-coronary. Abantu abanomlando wesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi noma labo abasengozini enkulu yokuthi bangaba ngabaqokelwa i-aspirin noma amanye ama-antiplatelet agents. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu.

9. Ingabe zikhona izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zokuthi ngiba nesifo senhliziyo?

Izimpawu zokuxwayisa ngokuba khona kwesifo senhliziyo zingafaka:

• Ukungaphatheki kahle kwesifuba noma kwengalo
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• izimpawu zezinzwa
• ukuvuvukala kwemilenze
• ubuhlungu benkonyane
• isiyezi
• ukuquleka

Ngeshwa, lapho kukhona isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo sihlala sithule. Isibonelo, ukuvinjelwa kungaba khona emithanjeni ye-coronary ngaphandle kobuhlungu besifuba. Lokhu kwaziwa njenge-ischemia ethule.

Kungakho ukubhekana ngokucophelela nazo zonke izici zakho zobungozi benhliziyo kubaluleke kakhulu.

UDkt Maria Prelipcean ungudokotela onguchwepheshe be-endocrinology. Njengamanje usebenza eSouthview Medical Group eBirmingham, e-Alabama, njenge-endocrinologist. Ngo-1993, uDkt Prelipcean waphothula iziqu zakhe zobudokotela eCarol Davila Medical School. Ngo-2016 nango-2017, uDkt Prelipcean waqokwa njengomunye wodokotela abaphambili eBirmingham yiB-Metro Magazine. Ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula, uyakujabulela ukufunda, ukuhamba, nokuchitha isikhathi nezingane zakhe.