Umlobi: Monica Porter
Usuku Lokudalwa: 18 Hamba 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 19 Unovemba 2024
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-Delile

Okuvelele kwe-atorvastatin

  1. Ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-Atorvastatin iyatholakala njengezidakamizwa ezijwayelekile kanye nomuthi onegama lomkhiqizo. Igama lomkhiqizo: Lipitor.
  2. I-Atorvastatin iza kuphela ngendlela yethebhulethi oyithatha ngomlomo.
  3. Ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-Atorvastatin isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa amazinga e-cholesterol futhi yehlise ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi. Isetshenziswa kanye nokudla, ukunciphisa umzimba, nokuzivocavoca umzimba.

Izexwayiso ezibalulekile

  • Isexwayiso sezinkinga zemisipha: Ingozi yakho ye-rhabdomyolysis (ukwehla kwemisipha) iyanda ngenkathi uthatha i-atorvastatin. Ingozi iba nkulu uma umdala, unezinkinga ze-thyroid, noma unesifo sezinso. Tshela udokotela wakho khona manjalo uma uqala ukuba nobuhlungu bemisipha obungachazeki, ubuhlungu, noma ubuthakathaka.
  • Isexwayiso sezinkinga zesibindi: Ukuhlolwa kweLab kwesibindi sakho kungaba phezulu ngokungajwayelekile ngenkathi uthatha i-atorvastatin futhi ungaba nezinkinga zesibindi. Udokotela wakho uzokuqapha lokhu ngenkathi usebenzisa lo muthi.
  • Isixwayiso sikashukela: I-Atorvastatin ingakhuphula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho. Wena nodokotela wakho kufanele niqaphe amazinga kashukela egazi ngokucophelela ngenkathi nithatha lo muthi.

Yini i-atorvastatin?

Ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-Atorvastatin iyisidakamizwa esivela kudokotela. Kutholakala njengesidakamizwa esibizwa ngegama elibizwa nge-brand Lipitor. Itholakala futhi ngendlela ejwayelekile. Imithi ejwayelekile ijwayele ukubiza imali encane kunohlobo lwamagama. Kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka zingatholakali ngawo wonke amandla noma amafomu njengomuthi wegama lomkhiqizo.


Kungani kusetshenziswa

I-Atorvastatin isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa amazinga e-cholesterol kubantu abanezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkinga ze-cholesterol. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi. Isetshenziswa kanye nokudla, ukunciphisa umzimba, nokuzivocavoca umzimba.

I-Atorvastatin isiza ukuvimbela i-cholesterol ekwakheni imithambo yakho. Imithambo eminyene ingavimba ukugeleza kwegazi liye enhliziyweni nasengqondweni yakho.

I-Atorvastatin ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye yokwelashwa okuhlanganayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungadinga ukuyithatha neminye imithi. Lokhu kungafaka izinhlayiya ze-bile acid neminye imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol.

Isebenza kanjani

I-Atorvastatin ingeyesigaba semithi ebizwa nge-HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, noma ama-statins. Isigaba semithi siyiqembu lemithi esebenza ngendlela efanayo. Le mithi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezifanayo.

Lesi sidakamizwa sisebenza ngokwehlisa i-low-density lipoprotein (LDL) noma i- "bad" cholesterol futhi iphakamise i-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) noma "good" cholesterol. I-Atorvastatin ithuthukisa amandla omzimba wakho wokuqeda i-LDL cholesterol ngesibindi sakho.


Imiphumela emibi ye-Atorvastatin

Ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-Atorvastatin ayibangeli ukozela, kepha ingadala eminye imiphumela emibi.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile

Eminye yemiphumela emibi ejwayelekile engenzeka ngokusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi yomlomo ye-atorvastatin ifaka:

  • izimpawu ezibandayo ezifana nekhala eligobayo, ukuthimula, nokukhwehlela
  • isifo sohudo
  • igesi
  • isilungulela
  • ubuhlungu obuhlangene
  • ukukhohlwa
  • ukudideka

Uma le miphumela imnene, ingahle ihambe zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto ambalwa. Uma zinzima kakhulu noma zingahambi, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu

Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Shayela u-911 uma izimpawu zakho zizizwa zisongela impilo noma uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha. Imiphumela emibi kanye nezimpawu zayo zingafaka okulandelayo:

  • Izinkinga zemisipha. Izimpawu zingafaka:
    • ubuthakathaka bemisipha obungachazeki, ubumnene, noma ubuhlungu
    • ukukhathala
  • Izinkinga zesibindi. Izimpawu zingafaka:
    • ukukhathala noma ubuthakathaka
    • ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
    • ubuhlungu besisu
    • umchamo onombala omnyama
    • ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma okumhlophe kwamehlo akho

Ukuzikhulula: Inhloso yethu ukukunikeza imininingwane efanelekile futhi yamanje. Kodwa-ke, ngoba izidakamizwa zithinta umuntu ngamunye ngokuhlukile, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lolu lwazi lubandakanya yonke imiphumela emibi engaba khona. Lolu lwazi aluyithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uxoxa ngemiphumela emibi engaba khona nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo owazi umlando wakho wezokwelapha.


I-Atorvastatin ingaxhumana neminye imithi

Ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-Atorvastatin ingaxhumana neminye imithi, amavithamini, noma amakhambi okungenzeka ukuthi uthatha. Ukusebenzisana kulapho into iguqula indlela umuthi osebenza ngayo. Lokhu kungaba yingozi noma kuvimbele umuthi ukuthi usebenze kahle.

Ukusiza ukugwema ukuxhumana, udokotela wakho kufanele aphathe yonke imithi yakho ngokucophelela. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, noma amakhambi owathathayo. Ukuthola ukuthi lo muthi ungahlangana kanjani nokunye okuthathayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi.

Izibonelo zezidakamizwa ezingadala ukusebenzisana ne-atorvastatin zibalwe ngezansi.

Imithi elwa namagciwane

Ukuthatha i-atorvastatin ngemithi elwa namagciwane ethile kukhulisa ubungozi bezinkinga zemisipha. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

  • kucofe
  • erythromycin

Izidakamizwa zefungal

Ukuthatha i-atorvastatin ngemithi ethile esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezikhunta kungadala ukuthi i-atorvastatin yakhe emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kuphakamisa ubungozi bakho bokuwohloka kwemisipha. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi ndawonye, ​​udokotela wakho anganciphisa umthamo wakho we-atorvastatin. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

  • itraconazole
  • ketoconazole

Izidakamizwa ezehlisa i-cholesterol

Ukuthatha i-atorvastatin nezinye izidakamizwa ezinciphisa i-cholesterol kukhulisa ubungozi bezinkinga zemisipha. Udokotela wakho angashintsha isilinganiso sakho sale mithi noma ukugweme ukuyihlanganisa. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

  • umagazine
  • imithi equkethe i-fibrate
  • i-niacin

I-Rifampin

Ukuthatha i-rifampin nge-atorvastatin kungehlisa inani le-atorvastatin emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-atorvastatin kungenzeka ingasebenzi futhi.

Izidakamizwa ze-HIV

Ukuthatha i-atorvastatin ngemithi ethile esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-HIV kungadala ukuthi i-atorvastatin yakhe emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kuphakamisa ubungozi bakho bokuwohloka kwemisipha. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi ndawonye, ​​udokotela wakho anganciphisa umthamo wakho we-atorvastatin. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka phakathi ama-protease inhibitors anjenge:

  • darunavir
  • fosamprenavir
  • lompinavir
  • i-ritonavir
  • sphiwe
  • umabhebhana

I-Digoxin

Ukuthatha i-digoxin nge-atorvastatin kungakhuphula inani le-digoxin egazini lakho liye kumazinga ayingozi. Uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi ndawonye, ​​udokotela wakho uzoqapha lawa mazinga futhi alungise imithamo yakho yemithi uma kudingeka.

Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha ngomlomo

Ukuthatha i-atorvastatin ngamaphilisi wokulawula ukubeletha ngomlomo kungakhuphula amazinga ama-hormone omlomo wokukhulelwa egazini lakho.

I-Colchicine

Ukuthatha i-colchicine nge-atorvastatin kukhulisa ubungozi bakho bokuwohloka kwemisipha.

ICyclosporine

Ukuthatha i-cyclosporine nge-atorvastatin kukhulisa ubungozi bakho bokuwohloka kwemisipha. Udokotela wakho kufanele agweme le nhlanganisela.

Ukuzikhulula: Inhloso yethu ukukunikeza imininingwane efanelekile futhi yamanje. Kodwa-ke, ngoba izidakamizwa zisebenzisana ngokwehlukile kumuntu ngamunye, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lolu lwazi lubandakanya konke ukuxhumana okungenzeka. Lolu lwazi aluyithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala ukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo mayelana nokuhlangana okungenzeka ngayo yonke imishanguzo kadokotela, amavithamini, amakhambi nezithako, kanye nemithi oyithenga uphuza yona.

Izexwayiso ze-Atorvastatin

Lesi sidakamizwa siza nezixwayiso eziningana.

Isexwayiso somzimba

I-Atorvastatin ingadala ukusabela okweqile komzimba. Izimpawu zingafaka:

  • ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho, izindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo
  • inkinga yokuphefumula
  • inkinga yokugwinya

Shayela ku-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduzane uma uthuthukisa lezi zimpawu. Ungaphinde uwuthathe lo muthi uma ngabe uke waba nokungezwani komzimba nawo. Ukuyithatha futhi kungaba yingozi (kungadala ukufa).

Isexwayiso sokusebenzisana kokudla

Gwema ukuphuza ujusi omningi wamagilebhisi ngenkathi uthatha i-atorvastatin. Ukuphuza ujusi wamagilebhisi kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwe-atorvastatin egazini lakho, okukhulisa ubungozi bakho bokuwohloka kwemisipha. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungakanani ujusi wamagilebhisi ophephile kuwe.

Isexwayiso sokusebenzisana kotshwala

Ukusetshenziswa kweziphuzo eziqukethe utshwala kuphakamisa ubungozi besifo sesibindi kusuka e-atorvastatin. Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma uphuza iziphuzo ezingaphezu kwezimbili zotshwala ngosuku.

Izexwayiso zabantu abanezimo ezithile zempilo

Kubantu abanezinkinga zezinso: Ukuba nezinkinga zezinso kuphakamisa ubungozi bakho bokuwohloka kwemisipha ngenkathi uthatha i-atorvastatin. Udokotela wakho angakuqapha kakhulu ngezinkinga zemisipha.

Kubantu abanesifo sesibindi: Akufanele uthathe lokhu uma unesifo sesibindi ngoba lo muthi ungakhuphula imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kwesibindi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungaba nokulimala kwesibindi.

Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela: I-Atorvastatin ingakhuphula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho. Udokotela wakho angalungisa imithi yakho yesifo sikashukela uma lokhu kwenzeka.

Izexwayiso kwamanye amaqembu

Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe:I-Atorvastatin akufanele isetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukuphepha kwabesifazane abakhulelwe akwaziwa futhi akukho nzuzo ebonakalayo yalomuthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ukhulelwa ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.

Kwabesifazane abancelisayo: I-Atorvastatin akufanele isetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokuncelisa. Uma uncelisa ingane yakho ibele, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi imuphi umuthi ongakulungela.

Okwabadala: Abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65 ubudala basengozini enkulu yokuwohloka kwemisipha (rhabdomyolysis) ngenkathi bethatha i-atorvastatin.

Okwezingane: I-Atorvastatin ayikaze ifundwe futhi akufanele isetshenziswe ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-10. Lesi sidakamizwa sikhonjisiwe ukuthi siphephile futhi sisebenza kahle ezinganeni ezineminyaka eyi-10-17.

Ungayithatha kanjani i-atorvastatin

Lolu lwazi lokulinganisa olwenzelwe ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-atorvastatin. Yonke imithamo engenzeka kanye namafomu ezidakamizwa kungenzeka angafakwa lapha. Umthamo wakho, ifomu lesidakamizwa, nokuthi uwuthatha kangaki umuthi kuzoya ngokuthi:

  • iminyaka yakho
  • isimo esilashwa
  • sinzima kangakanani isimo sakho
  • ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo
  • ukuthi usabela kanjani esilinganisweni sokuqala

Amafomu namandla

Okujwayelekile: I-Atorvastatin

  • Ifomu: ithebhulethi yomlomo
  • Amandla: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, no-80 mg

Umkhiqizo: Lipitor

  • Ifomu: ithebhulethi yomlomo
  • Amandla: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, no-80 mg

Isikali sokuvimbela isifo senhliziyo

Isikali sabadala (iminyaka eyi-18-64 iminyaka)

  • Isilinganiso sokuqala sokuqala: U-10-20 mg uthathwa kanye ngosuku.
  • Isilinganiso esivamile sokugcinwa: 10-80 mg uthathwa kanye ngosuku.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka yobudala engu-0-17)

I-Atorvastatin ayikavunyelwa ukusetshenziswa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18 yokuvikela isifo senhliziyo.

Umthamo omkhulu (oneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu)

Izinso zabantu abadala zingase zingasebenzi ngendlela ababevame ngayo. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi umzimba wakho ukwazi ukucubungula izidakamizwa kancane. Njengomphumela, isidakamizwa esiningi sihlala emzimbeni wakho isikhathi eside. Lokhu kwandisa ubungozi bakho bemiphumela emibi.

Udokotela wakho angakuqala kumthamo owehlisiwe noma uhlelo oluhlukile lwemithi. Lokhu kungasiza ukugcina amazinga alo muthi ekwakheni kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Isilinganiso se-dyslipidemia (izinkinga ze-cholesterol)

Isikali sabadala (iminyaka eyi-18-64 iminyaka)

  • Isilinganiso sokuqala sokuqala: U-10-20 mg uthathwa kanye ngosuku.
  • Isilinganiso esivamile sokugcinwa: 10-80 mg uthathwa kanye ngosuku.
  • Qaphela: Lapho welapha i-homozygous family hypercholesterolemia, umthamo ngu-10-80 mg othathwa kanye ngosuku.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka eyi-10-17 iminyaka)

Ezinganeni, i-atorvastatin isetshenziselwa kuphela ukwelapha i-heterozygous family hypercholesterolemia.

  • Isilinganiso sokuqala sokuqala: 10 mg kanye ngosuku.
  • Umthamo omkhulu: 20 mg kanye ngosuku.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka engu-0-9 iminyaka)

I-Atorvastatin ayikaze ifundwe ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-10 ngale njongo. Akufanele isetshenziswe kuleli banga lobudala ngale njongo.

Umthamo omkhulu (oneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu)

Izinso zabantu abadala zingase zingasebenzi ngendlela ababevame ngayo. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi umzimba wakho ukwazi ukucubungula izidakamizwa kancane. Njengomphumela, isidakamizwa esiningi sihlala emzimbeni wakho isikhathi eside. Lokhu kwandisa ubungozi bakho bemiphumela emibi.

Udokotela wakho angakuqala kumthamo owehlisiwe noma uhlelo oluhlukile lwemithi. Lokhu kungasiza ukugcina amazinga alo muthi ekwakheni kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Ukuzikhulula: Inhloso yethu ukukunikeza imininingwane efanelekile futhi yamanje. Kodwa-ke, ngoba izidakamizwa zithinta umuntu ngamunye ngokuhlukile, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lolu hlu lubandakanya yonke imithamo engenzeka. Lolu lwazi aluyithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha. Njalo ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ngemithamo ekufanele.

Thatha njengoba kuqondisiwe

Ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-Atorvastatin isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa isikhathi eside. Kuza nezingozi uma ungayithathi njengokuyalelwe.

Uma uyeka ukuthatha lo muthi noma ungawuthathi nhlobo: Ngenkathi ukudla ukudla okunempilo kwesinye isikhathi kungathuthukisa amazinga akho e-cholesterol, i-atorvastatin ingabasiza nangaphezulu. Uma ungathathi i-atorvastatin, amazinga akho e-cholesterol kungenzeka angalawulwa. Lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.

Uma uphuthelwa imithamo noma ungaphuzi umuthi ngesikhathi: Imithi yakho kungenzeka ingasebenzi kahle noma ingayeka ukusebenza ngokuphelele. Ukuze lo muthi usebenze kahle, inani elithile lidinga ukuba semzimbeni wakho ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Uma uthatha kakhulu: Ungaba namazinga ayingozi omuthi emzimbeni wakho. Ungaba nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

  • isifo sohudo
  • igesi
  • isilungulela
  • ubuhlungu obuhlangene
  • ukukhohlwa
  • ukudideka
  • ubuthakathaka bemisipha obungachazeki, ubumnene, noma ubuhlungu
  • ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
  • ubuhlungu besisu
  • umchamo onombala omnyama
  • ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma okumhlophe kwamehlo akho

Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthathe kakhulu lo muthi, shayela udokotela wakho noma funa ukuholwa yi-American Association of Poison Control Centers ku-1-800-222-1222 noma ngethuluzi labo eliku-inthanethi. Kepha uma izimpawu zakho zinzima, shayela ku-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha.

Okufanele ukwenze uma uphuthelwa umthamo: Thatha umthamo wakho ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kepha uma ukhumbula amahora ambalwa ngaphambi komthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe, thatha umthamo owodwa kuphela. Ungalokothi uzame ukuthola ngokuthatha amanani amabili ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi eyingozi.

Ungasho kanjani ukuthi umuthi uyasebenza: Ngeke ukwazi ukuzwa i-atorvastatin isebenza. Udokotela wakho uzolinganisa amazinga akho e-cholesterol ukubona ukuthi i-atorvastatin ikusebenzela kahle kangakanani. Udokotela wakho angalungisa isilinganiso sakho ngokuya ngamazinga akho e-cholesterol.

Ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kokuthatha i-atorvastatin

Gcina lokhu kucatshangelwa uma udokotela wakho ekuyalela ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-atorvastatin.

Jikelele

  • Musa ukusika noma ukuchoboza ithebhulethi.

Isitoreji

  • Gcina i-atorvastatin ekamelweni lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-68 ° F (20 ° C) no-77 ° F (25 ° C). Yigcine kude namazinga okushisa aphezulu.
  • Ungawugcini lo muthi ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma ezinomswakama, njengezindlu zangasese.

Ukugcwalisa kabusha

Imibhalo kadokotela yalomuthi iyagcwaliseka. Akudingeki ukuthi unikezwe umuthi omusha kadokotela ukuze ugcwaliswe futhi lo muthi. Udokotela wakho uzobhala inani lama-refill eligunyazwe kudokotela wakho.

Ukuvakasha

Lapho uhamba nemithi yakho:

  • Ngaso sonke isikhathi phatha imithi yakho. Lapho undiza, ungalokothi uwufake esikhwameni esihloliwe. Yigcine esikhwameni sakho sokuthwala.
  • Ungakhathazeki ngemishini ye-X-ray yesikhumulo sezindiza. Abakwazi ukulimaza umuthi wakho.
  • Ungadinga ukukhombisa abasebenzi bezindiza ilebula lekhemisi lemithi yakho. Ngaso sonke isikhathi phatha isitsha sokuqala esinelebula kadokotela.
  • Ungafaki lo muthi egumbini legilavu ​​lemoto yakho noma uwushiye emotweni. Qinisekisa ukugwema ukwenza lokhu lapho isimo sezulu sishisa kakhulu noma sibanda kakhulu.

Ukuqapha komtholampilo

Ngenkathi welashwa nge-atorvastatin, udokotela wakho uzohlola amazinga akho e-cholesterol nokusebenza kwesibindi. Lokhu kuzokwenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi.

Ukudla kwakho

Udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ulandele ukudla okunamafutha amancane, ne-cholesterol ephansi ngenkathi uthatha lesi sidakamizwa.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izindlela?

Kuneminye imithi etholakalayo yokwelapha isimo sakho. Ezinye zingakulungela kangcono kunabanye. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinye izinketho zezidakamizwa ezingakusebenzela.

Ukuzikhulula:Izindaba Zokwelapha Namuhla wenze yonke imizamo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi lonke ulwazi luyiqiniso, luphelele futhi lusesikhathini. Kodwa-ke, le ndatshana akufanele isetshenziswe njengokungena esikhundleni solwazi nobungoti bochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo onelayisense. Kufanele uhlale uthintana nodokotela wakho noma omunye uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokuthatha noma imuphi umuthi. Imininingwane yezidakamizwa equkethwe lapha ingashintsha futhi ayihloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungaba khona, izinkomba, izixwayiso, izexwayiso, ukuxhumana kwezidakamizwa, ukungezwani komzimba, noma imiphumela emibi. Ukungabikho kwezixwayiso noma olunye ulwazi lomuthi othile awukhombisi ukuthi inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa noma yezidakamizwa iphephile, iyasebenza, noma ilungele zonke iziguli noma konke ukusetshenziswa okuthile.

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AKUKHO UKUTHENGA OKUDINGEKAYO.1. Ungangena kanjani: Kuqala ngo-12: 01 a.m. I ikhathi a eMpumalanga (ET) ku APRIL 12, 2013, vaka hela www. hape.com/giveaway iwebhu ayithi be e ulandela i- WEWOOD BUKA N...
Ingabe Ukudla KwaseMedithera Kungasenza Sijabule Kakhudlwana?

Ingabe Ukudla KwaseMedithera Kungasenza Sijabule Kakhudlwana?

Ukuhlala e iqhingini e izimele a eGreece kunga e kungabi emakhadini kwabaningi bethu, kodwa lokho aku ho ukuthi a ikwazi ukudla engathi i eholidini la eMedithera (ngaphandle koku hiya ikhaya). Ucwanin...