I-Pneumonia Yokuhamba (i-Atypical Pneumonia): Izimpawu, Izimbangela, kanye Nokwelapha

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu zokuhamba inyumoniya?
• Yiziphi izinhlobo zenyumoniya yokuhamba?
• Yini ekhuphula izingcuphe zakho zokuhamba inyumoniya?
• Udokotela wakho uzosithola kanjani lesi simo?
• Uyiphatha kanjani inyumoniya ehamba ngezinyawo?
• Ukwelashwa kwasekhaya
• Izeluleko zokunakekelwa ekhaya
  
• Ukwelashwa
• Ukulaliswa esibhedlela
• Siyini isikhathi sokululama salesi simo?
• Uvimbela kanjani ukuhamba inyumoniya?
• Imikhuba emihle yenhlanzeko
  

Yini i-pneumonia yokuhamba?

I-pneumonia yokuhamba igciwane elithinta umgudu wakho wokuphefumula ophezulu nophansi. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-atypical pneumonia, ngoba imvamisa ayinzima njengezinye izinhlobo zenyumoniya. Akubangeli izimpawu ezidinga ukuphumula kombhede noma ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Kungazwakala nje njengomkhuhlane ovamile futhi kungabonakali njengenyumoniya. Iningi labantu liyakwazi ukuqhubeka nokuphila kwalo kwansuku zonke.

Lolu hlobo lwe-pneumonia lubhekwa njenge-atypical ngenxa yokuthi amaseli abangela ukutheleleka amelana ne-penicillin, umuthi ovame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-pneumonia. Cishe abantu abayizigidi ezimbili e-United States bathola inyumoniya ngenxa ye-Mycoplasma pneumoniae unyaka nonyaka. I-pneumonia yokuhamba ingahlala noma kuphi kusukela ngesonto kuya enyangeni.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuhamba inyumoniya?

Izimpawu zokuhamba nge-pneumonia zivame ukuba mnene futhi zibukeke njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Izimpawu zingase zihambe kancane ekuqaleni (kubonakale cishe amasonto amabili ngemuva kokuvezwa) futhi ziba zimbi ngaphezu kwenyanga. Izimpawu zifaka:

• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• ukuvuvukala ku-windpipe kanye namagatsha awo amakhulu
• ukukhwehlela okungapheli (eyomile)
• ikhanda

Izimpawu ezihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto kungaba uphawu lokuhamba inyumoniya.

Izimpawu zingahluka futhi ngokuya ngokuthi ukutheleleka kukuphi. Isibonelo, ukutheleleka emkhakheni ophezulu wokuphefumula kuzodala ukuphefumula okusebenzayo, kuyilapho ukutheleleka okuphefumulayo, kufaka phakathi amaphaphu, kungadala isicanucanu, ukuhlanza noma isisu esithukuthele.

Ezinye izimpawu ezingafaka:

• Ukugodola
• izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane
• ukuphefumula okusheshayo
• isifuba
• ukuphefumula kanzima
• ubuhlungu besifuba
• ubuhlungu besisu
• ukuhlanza
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla

Izimpawu ezinganeni: Izingane, izinsana, nojahidada bangakhombisa izimpawu ezifanayo nezabantu abadala. Kodwa noma ngabe ingane yakho izizwa ilungile ngokwanele ukuthi iye esikoleni, kufanele ihlale ekhaya kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zayo ziba ngcono.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zenyumoniya yokuhamba?

I-pneumonia yokuhamba ivame ukubuyiselwa ekhaya yizingane ezivela esikoleni. Imindeni ethola ukutheleleka izokhombisa izimpawu emasontweni amabili kuya kwamathathu kamuva. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zebhaktheriya ezidala ukuhamba kwe-pneumonia.

I-Mycoplasma pneumonia: Kulinganiselwa ukuthi e-United States kubangelwa I-Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Imvamisa imnene kunezinye izinhlobo ze-pneumonia futhi iyimbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-pneumonia ezinganeni ezineminyaka yobudala esikoleni.

I-chlamydial pneumonia: Izingane ezisesikoleni maningi amathuba okuthi zitheleleke ngazo I-Chlamydia pneumoniae ibhaktheriya. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi e-United States batheleleka minyaka yonke ngaleli gciwane.

I-Legionella pneumonia (Isifo seLegionnaires): Le ngenye yezinhlobo ezimbi kakhulu zenyumoniya yokuhamba, ngoba ingaholela ekuhlulekeni kokuphefumula nasekufeni. Akusakazeki ngokuxhumana komuntu nomuntu, kodwa ngamaconsi avela ezinhlelweni zamanzi ezingcolile. Kuthinta kakhulu abantu abadala asebekhulile, labo abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona, namasosha omzimba abuthakathaka. Cishe kutholakala unyaka ngamunye e-United States.

Yini ekhuphula izingcuphe zakho zokuhamba inyumoniya?

Njenge-pneumonia, ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-pneumonia yokuhamba iphezulu uma:

• ngaphezulu kweminyaka yobudala engama-65
• Uneminyaka engu-2 ubudala noma ngaphansi
• ukugula noma ukukhubazeka komzimba
• umsebenzisi wesikhathi eside wezidakamizwa zokuzivikela
• ukuhlala nesimo sokuphefumula njengesifo esingelapheki se-pulmonary disease (COPD)
• umuntu osebenzisa i-corticosteroids emuncwe isikhathi eside
• umuntu obhema ugwayi

Udokotela wakho uzosithola kanjani lesi simo?

Awungeke uvakashele udokotela ngezimpawu zakho. Kodwa-ke, enye yezindlela udokotela angaqinisekisa ngayo ukutholakala kwe-pneumonia uma uthola i-X-ray yesifuba. I-X-ray yesifuba ingahlukanisa phakathi kwe-pneumonia nezinye izifo zokuphefumula, njenge-bronchitis ebukhali. Uma uvakashela udokotela wakho ukuthola izimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho uzophinda futhi:

• yenza ukuhlolwa komzimba
• buza ngomlando wakho wezempilo nowezokwelapha
• buza ngezimpawu zakho
• yenza ezinye izivivinyo ukuxilonga i-pneumonia

Ezinye izivivinyo zaselabhoratri ezisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-pneumonia zifaka:

• usiko lwamafinyila emaphashini akho, olubizwa ngokuthi isikhwehlela
• isifundo sebala lesikhwehlela
• i-swab yomphimbo
• ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (CBC)
• ukuhlolwa kwama-antigen athile noma ama-antibodies
• isiko legazi

Uyiphatha kanjani inyumoniya ehamba ngezinyawo?

Ukwelashwa kwasekhaya

I-pneumonia ivame ukwelashwa ekhaya. Nazi izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuphatha ukutakula kwakho:

Izeluleko zokunakekelwa ekhaya

• Nciphisa umkhuhlane ngokuthatha i-acetaminophen noma ibuprofen.
• Gwema umuthi wokucindezela ukukhwehlela ngoba kungenza kube nzima ukwenza ukukhwehlela kwakho kukhiqize.
• Phuza amanzi amaningi nolunye uketshezi.
• Phumula ngangokunokwenzeka.

I-pneumonia yokuhamba iyathathelana uma ithelelekile. Umuntu ngokwejwayelekile angathelela abanye kuphela phakathi nesikhathi sezinsuku eziyi-10 lapho izimpawu zakhe zinzima kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa

Ama-antibiotic ngokuvamile anqunywa ngokuya ngohlobo lwegciwane elibangela inyumoniya yakho. Ngokuvamile ungalulama kusuka ku-pneumonia e-atypical uwedwa. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kuphela uma une-pneumonia yebhaktheriya. Qiniseka ukuthi uthatha yonke imithi ubude obugcwele, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono ngaphambi kokuba uthathe konke.

Ukulaliswa esibhedlela

Ezinye iziguli ezine-pneumonia ye-atypical (pneumonia enamandla kakhulu ngenxa yeLegionella pneumophila) zidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ukwelashwa nokwesekwa kwama-antibiotic. Kungase kudingeke nokuthi uhlale esibhedlela uma ungelinye lamaqembu asengozini enkulu. Ngesikhathi uhlala esibhedlela, ungathola ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic, uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni, kanye nokwelashwa kokuphefumula, uma unenkinga yokuphefumula.

Siyini isikhathi sokululama salesi simo?

Lesi simo asijwayele ukuba sibi kakhulu futhi singazimela sodwa emasontweni ambalwa. Ungakhuthaza ukululama ngokuthola ukuphumula okwanele namanzi ekhaya. Uma ugcina ngokuvakashela udokotela, ungathola i-antibiotic, ezonciphisa isikhathi esidingekayo ukuthola kabusha. Qiniseka ukuthi uthatha i-antibiotic yakho isikhathi esimisiwe.

Uvimbela kanjani ukuhamba inyumoniya?

Akukho ukugoma okuvimbela inyumoniya yokuhamba noma amabhaktheriya ayibangelayo. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi uphinde utheleleke, ngakho-ke ukuvimbela kuyisihluthulelo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni, ezingathola amagciwane esikoleni.

Imikhuba emihle yenhlanzeko

• Geza izandla zakho ngaphambi kokuthinta ubuso bakho nokuphatha ukudla.
• Khohlela noma uthimule ube yizicubu, bese uzilahla ngokushesha.
• Gwema ukwabelana ngokudla, izitsha, nezinkomishi.
• Sebenzisa i-sanitizer yesandla, uma insipho namanzi kungatholakali.