Ischemic stroke: kuyini, izimbangela, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Yini Ingozi Yesikhashana Yesikhashana?
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Yini ebangela isifo sohlangothi
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Uyini umehluko phakathi kokushaywa yischemic noma ukopha?

I-Ischemic stroke uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lohlangothi futhi kwenzeka lapho omunye wemithambo ebuchosheni uvinjelwa, uvimbela ukudlula kwegazi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, isifunda esithintekile asiyitholi i-oksijeni, ngakho-ke, ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile, kubangele ukuvela kwezimpawu ezinjengobunzima bokukhuluma, umlomo ophendukezelwe, ukuphelelwa amandla ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba nokushintsha kombono, ngoba isibonelo.

Imvamisa, lolu hlobo lwesifo sohlangothi luvame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile noma kubantu abanohlobo oluthile lokuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo, njenge-high blood pressure, i-cholesterol ephezulu noma isifo sikashukela, kepha kungenzeka kunoma yimuphi umuntu nobudala.

Njengoba amangqamuzana obuchopho eqala ukufa kungakapheli nemizuzu emingaki ngemuva kokuphazanyiswa kokujikeleza kwegazi, isifo sohlangothi ngaso sonke isikhathi sithathwa njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, okufanele silashwe ngokushesha okukhulu esibhedlela, ukuze kugwenywe ukulandelana okungathi sína, njengokukhubazeka, ukushintsha kobuchopho ngisho nokufa .

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu zesici, ezingakhombisa ukuthi umuntu uphethwe yisifo sohlangothi, zifaka:

• Kunzima ukukhuluma noma ukumamatheka;
• Umlomo ogobile nobuso obungalingani;
• Ukuphelelwa amandla ngakolunye uhlangothi lomzimba;
• Kunzima ukuphakamisa izingalo;
• Kunzima ukuhamba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izimpawu zingavela, njengokushoshozela, ukushintsha kombono, ukuquleka, ikhanda ngisho nokuhlanza, kuya ngesifunda esithintekile sobuchopho.

Bona ukuthi ungasibona kanjani isifo sohlangothi nosizo lokuqala okufanele lwenziwe.

Yini Ingozi Yesikhashana Yesikhashana?

Izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi ziyaqhubeka futhi ziyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho umuntu eqala ukwelashwa esibhedlela, noma kunjalo, kunezimo lapho izimpawu zinganyamalala khona ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, ngaphandle kohlobo oluthile lokwelashwa.

Lezi zimo zaziwa njenge- "Transient Ischemic Accident", noma i-TIA, futhi zenzeka lapho unhlangothi lubangelwa ihlwili elincane kakhulu, nokho, elalicindezelwa ukujikeleza kwegazi layeka ukuvimba umkhumbi. Kulezi ziqephu, ngaphezu kokuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu, kujwayelekile ukuthi izivivinyo ezenziwa esibhedlela zingakhombisi noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuguqulwa ebuchosheni.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Noma nini lapho kusolwa khona isifo sohlangothi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya esibhedlela ukuyoqinisekisa ukutholakala kwesifo. Ngokuvamile, udokotela usebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging, njenge-computed tomography noma i-magnetic resonance imaging, ukukhomba ukuvinjelwa okubangela isifo sohlangothi bese ngaleyo ndlela eqala ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

Yini ebangela isifo sohlangothi

Ukushaywa yischemic kuqhamuka lapho omunye wemithambo ebuchosheni uvinjelwa, ngakho-ke igazi alikwazi ukudlula londle amaseli obuchopho nge-oxygen nezakhamzimba. Lokhu kuvinjelwa kungenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili ezihlukene:

• Ukuvinjelwa ngehlwili: kuvame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile noma kubantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi i-fibrillation ye-atrial;
• Ukuncipha komkhumbi: imvamisa kwenzeka kubantu abanengcindezi ephezulu yegazi noma i-atherosclerosis, njengoba izitsha ziba nezimo ezincane futhi zinciphe, zinciphise noma zivimbele ukudlula kwegazi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izimo eziningi ezandisa ubungozi bokuba negazi nokuhlushwa isifo sohlangothi, njengokuthi ube nomlando womndeni wesifo sohlangothi, ukubhema, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, ukungazivocavoci noma ukuphuza amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo, ngokwesibonelo.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwesifo se-ischemic kwenziwa esibhedlela futhi imvamisa kuqala ngokujova kwemithi ye-thrombolytic ngqo emthanjeni, okuyizidakamizwa ezenza igazi libe mncane futhi lisize ukuqeda ihlwili elibangela ukuvimba komkhumbi.

Kodwa-ke, lapho ihlwili likhulu kakhulu futhi lingasuswa kuphela ngokusetshenziswa kwe-thrombolytics, kungadingeka ukwenza i-mechanical thrombectomy, equkethe ukufaka ipayipi, okuyipayipi elincanyana futhi eliguquguqukayo, komunye wemithambo yegazi umphimbo noma intamo, futhi uyiqondise emkhunjini wobuchopho lapho ihlule likhona. Bese kuthi ngosizo lwalesi sibili, udokotela asuse ihlwili.

Ezimweni lapho ukushaywa unhlangothi kungabangelwa yihlwili, kepha ngokunciphisa umkhumbi, udokotela angasebenzisa futhi ipayipi lokufaka ipayipi ukuze abeke i-stent endaweni, okuyi-mesh yensimbi encane esiza ukugcina umkhumbi uvulekile, uvumela ukudlula wegazi.

Ngemuva kokwelashwa, umuntu kufanele njalo abhekwe esibhedlela futhi, ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuhlala esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngesikhathi sokulaliswa esibhedlela, udokotela uzohlola ubukhona be-sequelae futhi angakhombisa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokwehlisa la ma-sequelae, kanye ne-physiotherapy kanye nezikhathi zokwelashwa kwenkulumo. Bona i-sequelae eyisithupha ejwayelekile ngemuva kokushaywa unhlangothi nokuthi ilulama kanjani.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokushaywa yischemic noma ukopha?

Ngokungafani nokushaywa yischemic, isifo sohlangothi esopha kakhulu asivamile futhi senzeka lapho umkhumbi ebuchosheni udabuka ngakho-ke, igazi alikwazi ukudlula kahle. Isifo sohlangothi esopha kakhulu sivame kakhulu kubantu abane-high blood pressure engalawulwa, abathatha ama-anticoagulants noma abane-aneurysm. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ezimbili zemivimbo nokuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani.