Ukuphazamiseka KweBipolar Kwabesifazane: Yazi Amaqiniso

-Delile

• Amaphuzu avelele
  
• Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo se-bipolar?
• Ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar I
• Ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar II
• Isifo seCyclothymic
• Izimpawu zesifo se-bipolar
• UMania
• I-Hypomania
• Ukucindezeleka
• I-mania exubile
• Ibhayisikili elisheshayo
• Izici zobungozi okufanele uzicabangele
• Sitholakala kanjani isifo se-bipolar?
• Ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar
• Imithi
• Ukwelashwa kwengqondo
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Electroconvulsive (ECT)
• Ukuthola ukunakekelwa nokusekelwa
• Izinketho zokusekela
• Ukuzinakekela
• Ukuthatha

Iyini i-bipolar disorder?

Amaphuzu avelele

1. Izici nemiphumela yokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar ingahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane.
2. Abesifazane abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo basengozini eyengeziwe yokuqala noma yokubuyela emuva ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwamahomoni.
3. Ngokwelashwa okufanele nokuphathwa kwezimpawu, abesifazane abanesifo se-bipolar banombono omuhle.

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar ukugula kwengqondo okubangela ushintsho olukhulu kwemizwa. Lokhu kushintshashintsha kwemizwelo kungashintsha kusuka emizweni yenjabulo iye kuleyo yosizi olujulile. Zingakhubaza ikhono lakho lokusebenza emsebenzini nasempilweni yakho yangasese.

Lesi sifo sithinta cishe amaphesenti ama-2.8 abantu abadala baseMelika unyaka nonyaka. Kwenzeka ngesilinganiso esilinganayo kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Izici nemiphumela yokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar ingahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane, noma kunjalo. Qhubeka ufunde kabanzi ukuze uthole ukuthi abesifazane bathinteka kanjani.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo se-bipolar?

Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo yi-bipolar I, i-bipolar II, ne-cyclothymic disorder. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-bipolar zingahlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa noma imithi, noma kwesinye isimo sezokwelapha.

Ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar I

Ukuxilongwa kwe-bipolar I kufaka okungenani isiqephu esisodwa se-manic noma esihlanganisiwe esihlala okungenani isonto elilodwa noma esidala ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Isiqephu kungenzeka ukuthi size ngaphambi noma ngemuva kwesiqephu se-hypomanic noma sokucindezeleka. Kodwa-ke, ungaba ne-bipolar I ngaphandle kokuba nesiqephu sokucindezeleka. Abesilisa nabesifazane baba ne-bipolar I disorder ku.

Ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar II

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-bipolar II kuhilela isiqephu samanje noma esidlule sokucindezeleka esihlala okungenani amasonto amabili. Umuntu kufanele futhi ukuthi abe nesiqephu samanje noma esedlule se-hypomania. Abesifazane bangaba ngaphezu kwamadoda ukuthuthukisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar II.

Isifo seCyclothymic

Abantu abane-cyclothymic disorder bangathola izimpawu eziqhubekayo ze-bipolar ezingahlangabezani nenqubo ephelele yokuxilongwa kwe-bipolar I noma i-bipolar II. Isifo seCyclothymic sithathwa njengesimo esingesihle kangako sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo. Kubandakanya ukuphindaphindeka kaningi kwezimpawu ze-hypomanic kanye ne-depress ezingakaze zibe nzima ngokwanele ukuthi zitholakale njengezine-bipolar II disorder. Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile ziyaqhubeka isikhathi seminyaka emibili.

Izimpawu zesifo se-bipolar

Kubalulekile ukuqonda izici eziyisisekelo zesifo se-bipolar. Lokhu kungakusiza uqonde kangcono ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar kubathinta kanjani abesifazane. Izimpawu ezisemqoka zifaka:

• umuzwa
• i-hypomania
• ukudana
• i-mania exubile

UMania

IMania yisimo semizwa ephakeme. Ngesikhathi seziqephu ze-manic, ungazizwa unomoya ophakeme kakhulu, unamandla, futhi uyakha. Ungase futhi uzizwe ucasukile. Ungahlanganyela ekuziphatheni okuyingozi kakhulu, njengokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa noma ukwanda komsebenzi wezocansi. Ungahle usebenzise imali ngobuwula, wenze izimali ezimbi ngemali yakho, noma uziphathe ngezinye izindlela zobudedengu.

Iziqephu ze-Manic zingahlala isonto noma ngaphezulu. Uma uhlangabezana nokubonwa noma ukukhohliswa okubonakalayo noma okukhohlisayo, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "izici zengqondo."

I-Hypomania

I-Hypomania ifomu elibi kakhulu le-mania. Ngesikhathi seziqephu ze-hypomanic, ungazizwa unemizwa ephakeme efana naleyo eyenzeka nge-mania. Lezi zimo eziphakeme azinamandla kangako kunezimo zomuntu, noma kunjalo, futhi zinomthelela omncane ekhonweni lakho lokusebenza. Abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-hypomania kunamadoda.

Ukucindezeleka

Ukudana komoya yisimo sokuzizwa uphansi ngokweqile. Ngesikhathi seziqephu ezicindezelayo, ungazizwa udabuke kakhulu ngokulahleka okukhulu kwamandla. Lezi ziqephu zihlala okungenani amasonto amabili. Ngenxa yalokhu, iziqephu ezicindezelayo zingadala ukukhubazeka okukhulu. Abesifazane basemathubeni amaningi okuthola izimpawu zokucindezeleka kunabesilisa.

I-mania exubile

Ngaphezu kweziqephu ezihlukile zomuntu nezicindezelayo, abantu abanesifo se-bipolar nabo bangathola imania exubekile. Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi isiqephu esihlanganisiwe. Ngesiqephu esihlanganisiwe, ungahlangabezana nezimpawu zomuntu nezokucindezeleka nsuku zonke isonto noma ngaphezulu. Abesifazane basemathubeni amaningi okuthola iziqephu ezixubekile kunamadoda.

Ibhayisikili elisheshayo

Iziqephu ze-bipolar nazo zingabonakala ngokuthi iziqephu zishintsha ngokushesha kangakanani. Ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okusheshayo yiphethini yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo okwenzeka lapho okungenani uneziqephu ezine ze-manic noma zokudangala kungakapheli unyaka owodwa. Ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okusheshayo kuxhunyaniswe namanani akhuphukile we:

• ukudana
• ukuzibulala
• ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa
• ukukhathazeka
• i-hypothyroidism

Abesifazane kufanele babhekane nokuhamba ngebhayisikili ngokushesha kunabesilisa.

Izici zobungozi okufanele uzicabangele

Izici eziningana zobungozi ezaziwayo zingakhuphula amathuba okuqala kwe-bipolar noma ziphinde zibuyele kubo bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane. Lezo zinto ezinobungozi zifaka:

• ukuba nomzali noma ingane yakini ene-bipolar disorder
• ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa
• ukuphuza ngokweqile
• izehlakalo ezinkulu zempilo, njengokulahlekelwa othandekayo noma ukuvezwa okuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu

Abesifazane abanesifo se-bipolar kucatshangwa ukuthi basengozini eyengeziwe yokuqala noma yokubuyela emuva ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwamahomoni. Lokhu kushintshashintsha kungabangelwa:

• ukuya esikhathini
• i-premenstrual syndrome kanye nokuphazamiseka kwangaphambi kokuya esikhathini
• ukukhulelwa
• ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini

Abesifazane abane-bipolar disorder nabo banamathuba amakhulu okuba nezinye izinkinga ezithile zezempilo kanye ne-bipolar. Lezi zinkinga zingafaka:

• ukuphuza ngokweqile
• ukuphazamiseka kokudla
• ukukhuluphala okubangelwa yimithi
• ikhanda le-migraine
• isifo segilo

Sitholakala kanjani isifo se-bipolar?

Ukuthola isifo se-bipolar kungaba nzima kakhulu, njengoba izimpawu zayo eziningi zenzeka nezinye izimo. Lezi zimo zingafaka ukunakekelwa kokushoda kokungasebenzi (ADHD). Zingabandakanya i-schizophrenia, ikakhulukazi uma unezimpawu zengqondo. Ukuxilongwa kwabesifazane nakho kungaba nzima ngamahomoni okuzala.

Ukuxilongwa ngokuvamile kufaka ukuhlolwa komzimba. Udokotela wakho uzobuye ahlole umlando wakho wezokwelapha nowomndeni. Ngemvume yakho, udokotela wakho angaphinde akhulume namalungu omndeni nabangane abaseduze ukuze aqoqe imininingwane mayelana nanoma yikuphi ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile. Ngaphambi kokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, udokotela wakho kufanele futhi akhiphe imiphumela yeminye imithi noma izimo.

Ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar

Alikho ikhambi elaziwayo lesifo se-bipolar. Izimpawu zalesi simo ziyelapheka kakhulu, noma kunjalo. Ukwelashwa kuhlukaniswa ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho ezithile.

Imithi

Imithi ivame ukusetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kokuqala ukuthola izimpawu ze-bipolar ngaphansi kolawulo. Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo zifaka izinto zokuqinisa imizwa, ama-antipsychotic, nama-anticonvulsants.

Yize ingasiza, le mithi ingadala imiphumela emibi. Le miphumela emibi ingafaka:

• ukozela
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ukuzuza kwesisindo

Uma unemiphumela engemihle emithini yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokuzinciphisa. Futhi qiniseka ukuthi ulandela uhlelo lwakho lwemithi njengoba uqondiswe ngudokotela wakho.

Ukwelashwa kwengqondo

I-Psychotherapy, noma i-talk therapy, kungenye indlela yokwelashwa. Ukwelashwa kokukhuluma kusetshenziswa kanye nemithi. Kungasiza ukuzinzisa imizwa yakho, futhi kukusize unamathele ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa. Le ndlela yokwelashwa ithwala inani elincane lobungozi, yize ukukhuluma ngokuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu empilweni kungadala ukungakhululeki ngokomzwelo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Electroconvulsive (ECT)

Ukwelashwa kwe-Electroconvulsive (ECT) kuyindlela eyengeziwe yokwelapha isifo se-bipolar. I-ECT ifaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kokukhuthaza kagesi ukudala ukubanjwa ebuchosheni. I-ECT ikhonjisiwe njengenketho yokwelashwa ephumelelayo yokudangala okukhulu kanye neziqephu ze-manic, yize isebenza kanjani nokuthi kungani isebenza kungacaci. Imiphumela emibi engahlotshaniswa ne-ECT ifaka:

• ukukhathazeka
• ukudideka
• ikhanda
• ukulahleka kwememori unomphela

Ukuthola ukunakekelwa nokusekelwa

Ukuthola ukunakekelwa nokusekelwa okudingayo kuyisihluthulelo sokulawula ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar. Ungesabi ukufinyelela kwabanye, noma ukuzinakekela ngokwengeziwe.

Izinketho zokusekela

I-National Institute of Mental Health inikeza lesi siqondiso esilandelayo uma wena, noma umuntu omaziyo, unezimpawu zesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo:

• xoxa ngezindlela zokwelashwa nodokotela wakho
• gcina inqubo ejwayelekile
• thola ukulala ngokwanele
• hlala kunoma imuphi umuthi obekelwe ukwelashwa kwakho
• funda ngezimpawu zokuxwayisa ezingakuxwayisa ngesiqephu se-bipolar esizayo
• lindela ukuthuthuka kancane kancane kwezimpawu
• thola ukwesekwa okuvela emndenini nakubangane
• khuluma nodokotela noma owelapha ngalokho ongase uzizwe
• ujoyine iqembu lendawo noma le-inthanethi lokwesekwa

Uma ucabanga ukuzilimaza noma wazi umuntu okwaziyo, funa usizo ngokushesha. Ungenza okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kokulandelayo:

• shayela udokotela noma umelaphi wakho
• shayela ku-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ukuthola usizo ngokushesha
• shayela inombolo yamahhala, amahora angama-24 kaZwelonke Wokuvimbela Ukuzibulala ku-800-273-TALK (800-273-8255)
• uma unenkinga yokuzwa noma yokukhuluma, shayela nge-teletypewriter (TTY) ku-800-799-4TTY (4889) ukukhuluma nomeluleki oqeqeshiwe

Uma kungenzeka, cela umngani noma ilungu lomndeni ukuthi likusize.

Ukuzinakekela

Ukuzinakekela okufanele yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphatha lesi simo. Uma ungowesifazane onesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo, ungazijwayeza imikhuba enempilo ukuphatha kangcono lesi sifo futhi uthuthukise izinga lakho lempilo. Le mikhuba ifaka phakathi ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, ukuphumula ngokwanele, nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka. Udokotela wakho angakutshela okuningi.

Ukuthatha

Ngenkathi abesilisa nabesifazane bobabili bengabhekana nokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar, lesi simo sithinta ngamunye ngokuhlukile. Isizathu esikhulu salokhu yindima yamahomoni okuzala abesifazane. Ngenhlanhla, ngokwelashwa okufanelekile nokuphathwa kwezimpawu, abesifazane abanesifo se-bipolar banombono omuhle. Futhi odokotela bayaqhubeka nokwenza amagxathu ekuqondeni ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar nezimpawu zayo ezihlukile kwabesifazane.