Ziyini Izingozi Zomnikelo Wethambo Lomnkantsha?

-Delile

• Yini inzuzo yomnikelo womnkantsha?
• Izidingo zokuba ngumnikeli
• Ziyini izingozi kumnikeli?
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona?
• Ngamazwi ethu: Kungani sinikele
  
• Umugqa wesikhathi wokutakula
• Unganikela kangaki umnkantsha wethambo?
• Ukuthatha
• Uma uphakathi kuka-18 no-44
• Uma uphakathi kuka-45 no-60
• Uma ukuvuna umnkantsha kungeyona eyakho

Ukubuka konke

Ukufakelwa komnkantsha wethambo wuhlobo lokufakelwa kabusha kwe-stem cell lapho kuqoqwa khona amaseli ama-stem (avunwa) kusuka kumnkantsha wethambo. Ngemuva kokususwa kumnikeli, kufakwa kumamukeli.

Le nqubo yenzeka esibhedlela noma esikhungweni seziguli ezigula kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke uzobe ulele ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa futhi ungezwa buhlungu. Ngenye indlela, bangasebenzisa i-anesthesia yesifunda. Uzobe uphapheme, kodwa ngeke uzwe lutho.

Udokotela ohlinzayo uzobe esefaka izinaliti ethanjeni lesinqe ukudweba umnkantsha. Ukusikeka kuncane. Ngeke udinge ukuthungwa.

Le nqubo ithatha ihora noma amabili. Umnkantsha wakho uzobe usucubungula umamukeli. Ingagcinwa futhi iqandiswe ukuze isetshenziswe kamuva. Iningi labanikeli lingaya emakhaya ngalolo suku.

Yini inzuzo yomnikelo womnkantsha?

Unyaka ngamunye e-United States, abantu abangaphezu kuka-10 000 bafunda ukuthi banezifo ezifana ne-leukemia noma i-lymphoma, kulinganiselwa ukuthi iMayo Clinic. Kwabanye, ukufakelwa umnkantsha wethambo kungaba yindlela yabo yokwelashwa kuphela.

Umnikelo wakho ungasindisa impilo - futhi lokho kungumuzwa omuhle.

Izidingo zokuba ngumnikeli

Awuqinisekile ukuthi ufanelekile ukunikela? Ukungakhathazeki. Inqubo yokuhlola izosiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uphilile ngokwanele nokuthi inqubo izophepha kuwe nakumamukeli.

Noma ngubani oneminyaka ephakathi kuka-18 no-60 ubudala angabhalisela ukuba ngumxhasi.

Abantu abaphakathi kuka-18 no-44 bavame ukukhiqiza amaseli wekhwalithi amaningi nangaphezulu kunabantu abadala. Odokotela bakhetha abanikeli abaseminyakeni yobudala engama-18 kuya kwengama-44 ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-95 esikhathi, ngokusho kweBe The Match, uhlelo lukazwelonke lokunikela ngomnkantsha.

Kunemibandela ethile ekuvimbela ukuthi ube ngumnikeli. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• izifo ezizimele ezithinta umzimba wonke
• izinkinga zokopha
• izimo ezithile zenhliziyo
• I-HIV noma i-AIDS

Ngezinye izimo, ukufaneleka kwakho kunqunywa ngokwesisekelo ngamacala. Ungakwazi ukunikela uma ngabe:

• umlutha
• isifo sikashukela
• i-hepatitis
• izingqinamba ezithile zempilo yengqondo
• umdlavuza wokuqala kakhulu ongadingi i-chemotherapy noma i-radiation

Uzodinga ukuhlinzeka ngesampula lesicubu. Lokhu kutholakala ngokuswayipha ingaphakathi lesihlathi sakho. Kufanele futhi usayine ifomu lokuvuma.

Ngaphandle kokunikela ngomnkantsha wakho, unikela ngesikhathi sakho. Ukuze wamukeleke, kuzodingeka unikeze ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungeziwe futhi uhlolwe ngokomzimba. Isikhathi sonke sokuzibophezela kwenqubo yokunikela silinganiselwa emahoreni angama-20 kuye kwangama-30 ngaphezu kwamasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha, kungafaki isikhathi sokuhamba.

Ziyini izingozi kumnikeli?

Izingozi ezinkulu kakhulu ziphathelene ne-anesthesia. I-anesthesia ejwayelekile ivame ukuphepha, futhi abantu abaningi bangena ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kodwa abanye abantu basabela kabi kuso, ikakhulukazi uma kunesimo esingathi sína esiyisisekelo noma inqubo ibanzi. Abantu abawela kulezo zigaba bangaba nengozi eyengeziwe yoku:

• ukudideka kwangemva kokuhlinzwa
• inyumoniya
• unhlangothi
• isifo senhliziyo

Ukuvunwa komnkantsha wethambo akuvamile ukudala izinkinga ezinkulu.

Cishe amaphesenti ama-2.4 abanikeli banenkinga enkulu evela ku-anesthesia noma ekulimaleni kwethambo, imizwa, noma imisipha, ngokusho kweBe The Match.

Uzolahlekelwa kuphela inani elincane lomnkantsha wethambo, ngakho-ke ngeke unciphise amasosha akho omzimba. Umzimba wakho uzothatha indawo yawo kungakapheli amasonto ayisithupha.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona?

Eminye imiphumela emibi engaba khona evela ku-anesthesia ejwayelekile yile:

• umphimbo obuhlungu ngenxa yeshubhu lokuphefumula
• isicanucanu esincane
• ukuhlanza

I-anesthesia yesifunda ingadala ikhanda kanye nokwehla kwesikhashana kwengcindezi yegazi.

Eminye imiphumela emibi yomnikelo womnkantsha ihlanganisa:

• ukulinyazwa endaweni yokugawulwa
• ukudabuka nokuqina lapho kuvunwa khona umnkantsha
• Ubuhlungu noma ubuhlungu enqulwini noma emhlane
• unenkinga yokuhamba izinsuku ezimbalwa ngenxa yobuhlungu noma ukuqina

Ungase futhi uzizwe ukhathele amasonto ambalwa. Lokho kufanele kuxazululwe njengoba umzimba wakho uthatha indawo yomnkantsha.

Ngamazwi ethu: Kungani sinikele

• Funda izindaba zabantu abane ababa ngabanikeli bamnkantsha wamathambo - futhi basindisa izimpilo kule nqubo.

Umugqa wesikhathi wokutakula

Ngemuva nje kokuhlinzwa, uzothuthelwa egumbini lokululama. Uzogadwa amahora amaningi.

Iningi labanikeli lingaya emakhaya ngalolo suku, kepha abanye badinga ukulala khona.

Isikhathi sokutakula siyahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ungakwazi ukuqalisa kabusha imisebenzi yakho ejwayelekile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kungathatha futhi inyanga ukuzizwa njengomuntu wakho omdala. Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela imiyalo yakho yokukhishwa esibhedlela.

Ngenkathi ululama, nazi izindlela ezimbalwa zokunciphisa imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile:

• Ubumhlophe. Sukuma lapho ulele phansi noma uhleli phansi kancane. Thatha izinto kalula isikhashana.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala. Yidla ukudla okuncane, okulula. Phumula futhi ulale ngaphambi kwesikhathi uze uzizwe useluleme ngokugcwele.
• Ukuvuvukala endaweni yokuhlinzwa. Gwema ukuphakamisa umsebenzi osindayo nomsebenzi onzima izinsuku ezi-7 kuya kweziyi-10.
• Ukuvuvukala komhlane ongezansi. Sebenzisa iphakethe leqhwa ngezikhathi ezithile usuku lonke.
• Ukuqina. Nweba noma uthathe ukuhamba okufishane usuku ngalunye uze wakhe amandla akho nokuguquguquka.
• Ukukhathala. Qiniseka ukuthi kungokwesikhashana. Thola ukuphumula okuningi uze uzizwe uzithanda wena futhi.

Ngokusho kweBe The The Match, abanye abaxhasi bakuthola kubuhlungu kakhulu kunalokho ababecabanga ukuthi kuzoba yikho. Kepha abanye bakuthola kungebuhlungu kakhulu kunalokho abebekulindele.

Udokotela wakho angahle akunikeze umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu lapho uphuma esibhedlela. Ungazama futhi nemithi yokuthenga. Izinhlungu nezinhlungu akufanele zihlale ngaphezu kwamasonto ambalwa. Uma bekwenza, xhumana nodokotela wakho.

Unganikela kangaki umnkantsha wethambo?

Ngokwethiyori, unganikela kaningi ngoba umzimba wakho ungathatha indawo yomnkantsha olahlekile. Kepha ukuthi ubhalisa njengomnikeli akusho ukuthi uzofaniswa nomamukeli.

Ukuthola ukufana okuningi okungahle kwenzeke akuvamile. Amathuba omdlalo owodwa ongahlobene aphakathi kuka-1 kwabayikhulu no-1 esigidini, ngokusho kohlelo lwe-Asian American Donor Program.

Ukuthatha

Njengoba kunzima kakhulu ukufanisa abanikeli nabamukeli, lapho bebaningi abantu ababhalisayo, kuba ngcono. Kuyisibopho, kepha ungaguqula umqondo wakho noma ngabe usubhalisile.

Ngabe ufuna ukusindisa impilo ngokunikela ngomnkantsha? Nakhu ukuthi:

Vakashela i-BeTheMatch.org, irejista enkulu yomnkantsha emhlabeni. Ungasetha i-akhawunti, efaka umlando omfushane ngemininingwane yakho yezempilo nemininingwane yokuxhumana. Kufanele kuthathe cishe imizuzu eyi-10.

Ngenye indlela, ungabashayela ku-800-MARROW2 (800-627-7692). Inhlangano inganikeza imininingwane ngenqubo yomnikelo futhi ikwazise ukuthi wenzeni ngokulandelayo.

Izindleko zezinqubo zokwelashwa ngokuvamile ziyisibopho somnikeli noma umshwalense wabo wezokwelapha.

Uma uphakathi kuka-18 no-44

Ayikho imali yokujoyina.Ungabhalisa ku-inthanethi noma emcimbini womphakathi wangakini.

Uma uphakathi kuka-45 no-60

Ungabhalisa ku-inthanethi kuphela. Uzocelwa ukuthi ukhokhe imali engu- $ 100 yokubhalisa.

Uma ukuvuna umnkantsha kungeyona eyakho

Unganikela ngamaseli we-stem ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi umnikelo we-peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC). Akudingi ukuhlinzwa. Izinsuku ezinhlanu ngaphambi komnikelo wakho, uzothola imijovo ye-filgrastim. Lesi sidakamizwa sandisa amangqamuzana egazi egazini egazini.

Ngosuku lomnikelo, uzonikela ngegazi ngenaliti engalweni yakho. Umshini uzoqoqa amangqamuzana egazi bese ubuyisela igazi elisele kolunye uhlangothi lwakho. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-apheresis. Kungathatha amahora afinyelela kwayisishiyagalombili.

Kunoma ikuphi, umamukeli wakho nomndeni wabo bangathola isipho sempilo.