Kungani i-MS Ibangela Izilonda Zobuchopho? Okudingeka Ukwazi

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Izithombe zezilonda zobuchopho be-MS
• Ukuhlolelwa izilonda zobuchopho be-MS
• Izimpawu zezilonda zobuchopho be-MS
• Ungamisa kanjani izilonda ezintsha ekubunjweni?
• Ngabe izilonda zobuchopho be-MS zizophela?
• Izilonda emgogodleni
• Ukuthatha

Ukubuka konke

Imicu yezinzwa ebuchosheni bakho nasentanjeni yomgogodla isongwe ngolwelwesi oluvikelayo olwaziwa njenge-myelin sheath. Le ngubo isiza ukukhuphula ijubane lapho amasiginali ahamba khona ngezinzwa zakho.

Uma une-multiple sclerosis (MS), amaseli omzimba asebenza ngokweqile emzimbeni wakho abangela ukuvuvukala okulimaza i-myelin. Uma lokho kwenzeka, izindawo ezilimele ezaziwa ngokuthi izingcwecwe noma izilonda zakha ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni.

Ukuphatha ngokucophelela nokuqapha lesi simo kungasiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi niqonde uma kuqhubeka. Ngokulandelayo, ukunamathela kuhlelo lokwelashwa olusebenzayo kungakhawulela noma kubambezele ukukhula kwezilonda.

Izithombe zezilonda zobuchopho be-MS

Ukuhlolelwa izilonda zobuchopho be-MS

Ukuxilonga nokuqapha ukuqhubeka kwe-MS, udokotela wakho kungenzeka a-oda ukuhlolwa kwezithombe. Lezi zivivinyo zibizwa ngokuthi ama-MRI scan. Odokotela futhi basebenzisa izivivinyo zomzimba ukuqapha inkambo ye-MS yakho.

Ukuskena kwe-MRI kungasetshenziselwa ukudala izithombe zobuchopho bakho nomgogodla. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlole izilonda ezintsha nezishintshayo.

Ukulandelela ukukhula kwezilonda kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi afunde ukuthi isimo sakho siqhubeka kanjani. Uma unezilonda ezintsha noma ezikhulisiwe, kuwuphawu lokuthi lesi sifo siyasebenza.

Ukuqapha izilonda kungasiza nodokotela wakho ukuthi afunde ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa lusebenza kahle kangakanani. Uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha noma izilonda, zingancoma ushintsho ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa.

Udokotela wakho angakusiza wenze izinqumo mayelana nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa. Bangakwazisa futhi ngezindlela zokwelapha ezintsha ezingakusiza.

Izimpawu zezilonda zobuchopho be-MS

Lapho izilonda zikhula ebuchosheni bakho noma emgogodleni, zingaphazamisa ukuhamba kwamasignali ezinzwa zakho. Lokhu kungadala izimpawu ezahlukahlukene.

Isibonelo, izilonda zingadala:

• izinkinga zokubona
• ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukuqina, nokuqaqamba kwemisipha
• ukuba ndikindiki noma ukuhayiza ebusweni, esiqwini, ezingalweni noma emilenzeni
• ukulahleka kokuxhumanisa kanye nokulinganisela
• Inkinga yokulawula isinye sakho
• isiyezi esiphikelelayo

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-MS ingadala izilonda ezintsha. Izilonda ezikhona nazo zingakhula zibe nkulu, ezingadala ukubuyela emuva noma ukuqhuma kwezimpawu. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu noma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha.

Kungenzeka futhi ukuthuthukisa izilonda ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezibonakalayo. Isilonda esisodwa kwezingu-10 kuphela esidala imiphumela yangaphandle ngokusho kweNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS).

Ukusiza ukubambezela ukuqhubeka kwe-MS, izindlela eziningi zokwelapha ziyatholakala. Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuvikeleni ukukhula kwezilonda ezintsha.

Ungamisa kanjani izilonda ezintsha ekubunjweni?

Imithi eminingi iyatholakala ukwelapha i-MS. Eminye yaleyo mithi ingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zakho ngesikhathi sokubuyela emuva noma ukuvuleka. Abanye banciphisa ubungozi bezilonda ezintsha ekwakheni nasekusizeni ukunciphisa ukukhula kwesifo.

Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa (i-FDA) kuvume izindlela zokwelapha ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili zokuguqula izifo (DMTs) ukusiza ukubambezela ukukhula kwezilonda ezintsha.

Ama-DMTs amaningi athuthukisiwe ukwelapha amafomu abuyayo e-MS. Noma kunjalo, ezinye zazo zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha ezinye izinhlobo ze-MS.

Ama-DMTs amaningi akhombise isithembiso sokuvimbela izilonda ezintsha kubantu abane-MS. Isibonelo, le mithi elandelayo ingasiza ukuvimbela izilonda:

• i-interferon beta-1b (iBetaseron)
• ocrelizumab (Ocrevus)
• i-interferon-beta 1a (Avonex, Extavia)
• i-alemtuzumab (Lemtrada)
• i-cladribine (i-Mavenclad)
• teriflunomide (Aubagio)
• i-fumaric acid
• i-dimethyl fumarate (iTecfidera)
• i-fingolimod (Gilenya)
• i-natalizumab (Tysabri)
• umagazine
• i-glatiramer acetate (iCopaxone)

Ngokuya nge-NINDS, izivivinyo zomtholampilo ziyaqhubeka ukuze kufundwe kabanzi ngezinzuzo nezingozi zokusebenzisa le mithi. Ezinye zazo zivivinywa, kanti ezinye zivunyelwe yi-FDA.

Ngabe izilonda zobuchopho be-MS zizophela?

Ngaphezu kokwehlisa ukukhula kwezilonda, kungenzeka ngelinye ilanga uzelaphe.

Ososayensi basebenzela ukuthuthukisa amasu okulungisa i-myelin, noma izindlela zokwelapha zokuvuselela kabusha, ezingasiza ukubuyisa i-myelin.

Isibonelo, kutholakale ukuthi i-clemastine fumarate ingasiza ukukhuthaza ukulungiswa kwe-myelin kubantu abanokulimala kwe-optic nerve kusuka ku-MS. I-Clemastine fumarate iyi-anti-the-counter (OTC) antihistamine esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukungezwani komzimba ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.

Ucwaningo oluningi luyadingeka ukuhlola izinzuzo ezingaba khona nezingozi zokusebenzisa lo muthi ukwelapha i-MS. Ucwaningo nalo luyaqhubeka ukukhomba nokuhlola amanye amasu angahle abe khona okukhuthaza ukubuyiswa kabusha.

Izilonda emgogodleni

Izilonda emgogodleni nazo zivamile kubantu abane-MS. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukususwa esikhundleni, okuyinto ebangela izilonda emithanjeni, kuyisici sesici se-MS. Ukudonswa komzimba kubangelwa izinzwa zombili zobuchopho kanye nomgogodla.

Ukuthatha

I-MS ingadala ukuthi izilonda zikhule ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni, okungaholela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezimpawu. Ukusiza ukubambezela ukukhula kwezilonda nokuphatha izimpawu ezingazidala, udokotela wakho angakunikeza ukwelashwa okukodwa noma okuningi.

Izindlela zokwelapha eziningi zokuhlola nazo zenziwa hhayi nje ukumisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezilonda ezintsha, kodwa futhi nokuzipholisa.