Uhlelo lokugoma ngemuva kweminyaka engu-4

-Delile

• Uhlelo lokugoma phakathi kweminyaka engu-4 nengu-19
• Iminyaka engu-4
• Iminyaka emi-5
• iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye ubudala
• Iminyaka eyi-10 kuye kwengu-19
• Uzoya nini kudokotela ngemuva kokugoma

Kusukela eminyakeni engu-4 ubudala, ingane idinga ukuthatha imithamo yokulekelela yeminye imithi yokugoma, efana novendle kanye naleyo evikela i-diphtheria, i-tetanus kanye nokukhwehlela okungaziwa, njenge-DTP. Kubalulekile ukuthi abazali babheke uhlelo lokugoma futhi bagcine imigomo yezingane zabo isesikhathini, ukuze kugwenywe izifo ezingaba nemiphumela emibi yezempilo futhi zilimaze nokukhula kwengane ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.

Kunconywa ukuthi kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ubudala ukwenziwa konyaka komuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane, owaziwa nangokuthi umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane, kuyenziwa. Kukhonjiswa ukuthi lapho inikezwa okokuqala ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-9 ubudala, kufanele kwenziwe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esiyizinsuku ezingama-30.

Uhlelo lokugoma phakathi kweminyaka engu-4 nengu-19

Isheduli yokugoma kwengane ivuselelwe ngo-2020 nguMnyango Wezempilo, inquma imigomo nezikhuthazi okufanele zithathwe eminyakeni ngayinye, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi:

Iminyaka engu-4

• Ukuqiniswa Komuthi Wokugomela Amagciwane Kathathu (DTP), esivikela isifo somphimbo, isifo sokuqina kwemihlathi kanye nokukhwehlela: imithamo emithathu yokuqala yokugoma kufanele ithathwe ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila, umuthi wokugoma ukhuliswe phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-15 nezingu-18, bese uneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-4 nengu-5 ubudala. Lo muthi wokugoma utholakala kumaYunithi Wezempilo Ayisisekelo noma emitholampilo yangasese, futhi waziwa nge-DTPa. Funda kabanzi ngomuthi wokugoma we-DTPa.
• Ukuqinisa uvendle: ilawulwa ngomlomo kusuka ezinyangeni eziyi-15 futhi i-booster yesibili kufanele yenziwe phakathi kweminyaka engu-4 nengu-5. Izilinganiso zokuqala ezintathu zomuthi wokugoma kufanele zinikezwe ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila njengomjovo, owaziwa nge-VIP. Funda kabanzi ngomuthi wokugomela uvendle.

Iminyaka emi-5

• Ukuqiniswa komuthi wokugoma iMeningococcal conjugate (MenACWY), esivikela ezinye izinhlobo ze-meningitis: itholakala kuphela emitholampilo yangasese futhi imithamo yokuqala yomuthi wokugoma kufanele inikezwe ezinyangeni ezi-3 kanye nezi-5. Ukuqinisa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele kwenziwe phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-12 nezingu-15 futhi, kamuva, kube phakathi kweminyaka emihlanu nengu-6.

Ngaphezu kokukhuthaza umuthi wokugoma i-meningitis, uma ingane yakho ingakhuphulanga i-DTP noma uvendle, kunconywa ukuthi ukwenze.

iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye ubudala

• Umuthi wokugoma we-HPV (amantombazane), evikela ekuthelelekeni yiHuman Papilloma Virus, okuthi ngaphezu kokuba nesibopho se-HPV, evimbela umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho emantombazaneni: kufanele inikezwe ngemithamo emi-3 esimisweni sezinyanga ezi-0-2-6, emantombazaneni.

Umuthi wokugoma we-HPV unganikezwa abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka eyi-9 nengama-45 ubudala, kuvame ukuthi kunconywe ukuthi abantu abaze kufinyelela eminyakeni eyi-15 ubudala bathathe imithamo emi-2 kuphela yomuthi wokugoma ngokulandela isheduli engu-0-6, okungukuthi, umthamo wesibili kufanele unikezwe ngemuva Izinyanga eziyisithupha zokuphathwa kowokuqala. Funda kabanzi ngomuthi wokugoma we-HPV.

Umuthi wokugomela udenga nawo ungalawulwa kusukela eminyakeni eyi-9, kepha kunconywa kuphela izingane ezine-HIV ngemithamo emithathu.

Iminyaka eyi-10 kuye kwengu-19

• Umuthi wokugoma weMeningococcal C (conjugate), evimbela i-meningitis C: kunikezwa umthamo owodwa noma i-booster, kuya ngesimo sokugoma kwengane;
• Umuthi wokugoma we-HPV (kubafana): kufanele yenziwe phakathi kweminyaka eyi-11 nengu-14 ubudala;
• Umuthi wokugoma we-Hepatitis B: kufanele ithathwe ngemithamo emi-3, uma ingane ingakagonywa;
• Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ophuzi: Umthamo owodwa womuthi wokugoma kufanele unikezwe uma ingane ingakagonywa;
• I-Double Adult (dT), evimbela i-diphtheria ne-tetanus: ukuqiniswa kufanele kwenziwe njalo eminyakeni eyi-10;
• Igciwane kathathu, evimbela isimungumungwane, umqubuko kanye ne-rubella: kufanele kuthathwe imithamo emi-2 uma ingane ingakagonywe;
• Ukukhuthaza umuthi wokugoma we-DTPa: ezinganeni ezazingenakho ukuqiniswa zineminyaka engu-9.

Buka le vidiyo elandelayo bese uqonda ukubaluleka kokugonywa kwezempilo:

Uzoya nini kudokotela ngemuva kokugoma

Ngemuva kokuthatha imijovo yokugoma, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi izimpawu zokuphendula umuthi wokugoma, njengamabala abomvu nokuxokozela kwesikhumba, umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-39ºC, ukudlikizela, ukukhwehlela nokuphefumula kanzima, kepha ukusabela okubi okuhlobene nomuthi wokugoma akuvamile.

Kodwa-ke, lapho zivela, zivame ukuvela cishe emahoreni amabili ngemuva kokugonyelwa umuthi wokugoma, futhi kuyadingeka ukubona udokotela uma izimpawu zokuphendula umuthi wokugoma zingadluli ngemuva kwesonto elilodwa. Bona ukuthi ungayinciphisa kanjani imiphumela emibi engaba khona yemigomo.