Umdlavuza wezinso: izimpawu, ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu zomdlavuza wezinso
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Yelashwa kanjani
• 1. Ukuhlinzwa
• 2. Ukwelashwa kwezinto eziphilayo
• 3. Ukuhlanganisa
• 4. I-Radiotherapy
• Ubani osengozini enkulu

Umdlavuza wezinso, owaziwa nangokuthi umdlavuza wezinso, uhlobo olujwayelekile lomdlavuza oluthinta kakhulu abesilisa abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-55 nengama-75 ubudala, okudala izimpawu ezinjengobukhona begazi emchameni, ubuhlungu obuhlala buhleli emuva noma ukunyuka kwengcindezi yegazi, Ngokwesibonelo.

Ngokuvamile, uhlobo lomdlavuza wezinso oluvame kakhulu yi-renal cell carcinoma, engalapheka kalula ngokuhlinzwa, uma ikhonjwa kusenesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, uma umdlavuza usuvele usuvele une-metastases, ukwelashwa kungaba nzima kakhulu, futhi kungadingeka ukwenza ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokwelashwa ngemisebe, ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza wezinso

Izimpawu nezimpawu zomdlavuza wezinso akujwayelekile ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo, kepha njengoba umdlavuza uqhubeka, kungavela ezinye izimpawu, okuyizona eziyinhloko:

• Igazi emchameni;
• Ukuvuvukala noma isisindo esifundeni sesisu;
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo ezansi ngemuva;
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo njalo;
• Umkhuhlane ophansi njalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba izinso zinesibopho sokulawula ukucindezelwa kwegazi nokukhiqizwa kwe-erythrocyte, ukuguquka okungazelelwe kwamanani wegazi kuvamile, kanye nokwanda okuphawulekayo noma ukwehla kwenani lama-erythrocyte ekuhlolweni kwegazi.

Uma lezi zimpawu zivela kubalulekile ukuxhumana nodokotela ojwayelekile noma i-nephrologist ukuze uhlole ukuthi ngabe kunenkinga yini engadala izimpawu futhi, uma kwenzeka, ukukhomba umdlavuza kusenesikhathi, kusizwe ukwelashwa.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuhlola okwenzekayo ezinso nokuhlaziya i-hypothesis yomdlavuza, udokotela anga-oda izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene njenge-ultrasound, i-X-ray yesifuba, i-computed tomography noma i-resonance kazibuthe, ngokwesibonelo.

I-Ultrasound imvamisa isivivinyo sokuqala uku-oda, njengoba sisiza ukukhomba nokuhlola uquqaba olungenzeka kanye nama-cysts ezinso, okungakhombisa umdlavuza. Olunye uvivinyo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, lungenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwesifo noma ukusifaka.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wezinso kuya ngosayizi kanye nokuthuthuka kwesimila, kepha izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokwelashwa zifaka:

1. Ukuhlinzwa

Kwenziwa cishe kuzo zonke izimo futhi kusiza ukususa ingxenye ethintekile yezinso. Ngakho-ke, lapho umdlavuza utholakala kusenesikhathi, ukuhlinzeka kungaba ukuphela kwendlela yokwelashwa edingekayo, ngoba ingakwazi ukukhipha wonke amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi welaphe umdlavuza.

Ezimweni eziphambili kakhulu zomdlavuza, ukuhlinzwa kungasetshenziswa kanye ne-radiotherapy, ngokwesibonelo, ukunciphisa usayizi wesimila nokwenza lula ukwelashwa.

2. Ukwelashwa kwezinto eziphilayo

Kulolu hlobo lokwelashwa, kusetshenziswa imithi efana neSunitinib, iPazopanib noma i-Axitinib, eqinisa amasosha omzimba futhi ikwazi ukuqeda amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Kodwa-ke, lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha alusebenzi kuzo zonke izimo futhi, ngakho-ke, udokotela angadinga ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuningana ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ukulungisa imithamo futhi ayeke nokusetshenziswa kwale mithi.

3. Ukuhlanganisa

Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa ezimeni ezithuthuke kakhulu zomdlavuza lapho isimo sempilo yomuntu singakuvumeli ukuhlinzwa, futhi sivimbela ukudluliselwa kwegazi esifundeni esithintekile sezinso, kumenze afe.

Ukwenza lokhu, udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka ishubhu elincane, elaziwa njenge-catheter, emthanjeni we-groin bese eliqondisa ezinso. Ngemuva kwalokho, ufaka into eyenza sikwazi ukuvala imithambo yegazi futhi uvimbele ukudlula kwegazi.

4. I-Radiotherapy

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni zomdlavuza ezine-metastasis, njengoba isebenzisa imisebe ukubambezela ukukhula komdlavuza nokuvimbela imastastase ekuqhubekeni ikhula.

Lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha luvame ukusetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukwenza isimila sibe sincane futhi kube lula ukusikhipha, noma ngemuva kwalokho, ukuqeda amangqamuzana omdlavuza ahlulekile ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa.

Noma kudingeka imizuzu embalwa yokwelashwa nsuku zonke, ukwelashwa ngemisebe kunemiphumela engemihle eminingana njengokukhathala ngokweqile, isifo sohudo noma umuzwa wokugula njalo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu

Umdlavuza wezinso, ngaphezu kokuba uvame kakhulu emadodeni ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60, ubuye uvame kakhulu kubantu abane:

• I-BMI enkulu kune-30 Kg / m²;
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
• Umlando womndeni wesifo somdlavuza wezinso;
• Izifo zofuzo, njenge-Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome;
• Ababhemayo;
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, labo abadinga ukwelashwa nge-dialysis ukuhlunga igazi, ngenxa yezinye izinkinga zezinso, nabo basengozini enkulu yokuthola lolu hlobo lomdlavuza.