I-Cataract: kuyini, izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Izinhlobo zamehlo
• 1. I-cataract yeSenile
• 2. I-cataract yokuzalwa
• 3. I-cataract ehlukumezayo
• 4. I-cataract yesibili
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Ungayivimbela kanjani i-cataract

I-Cataract yisifo esibuhlungu esithinta ilensi yeso, esiholela ekulahlekelweni kombono okuqhubekayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ilensi, eyisakhiwo esobala esitholakala ngemuva komfundi, isebenza njengelensi futhi ihlobene nokugxila nokufunda. Kumakhathakhatha, ilensi iba mbala futhi iso libonakala limhlophe, kunciphisa umbono oba mnyama futhi kubangele ukwanda kokuzwela ekukhanyeni, ngokwesibonelo.

Imbangela enkulu yalesi sifo ukuguga kwelensi futhi, ngakho-ke, kuvame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile, kepha futhi kungabangelwa ezinye izinto, njengesifo sikashukela, ukusetshenziswa ngokungakhethi kwamaconsi wamehlo noma imishanguzo ene-corticosteroids, imivimbo , ukutheleleka ngamehlo noma ukubhema. I-cataract iyelapheka, kepha kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa ngokushesha lapho kutholakala ukuxilongwa ukugwema ukukhubazeka ngokuphelele kombono.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Isici esiyinhloko se-cataract ukuguqulwa kombala wamehlo okuba mhlophe, kepha ezinye izimpawu ezingase zivele yilezi:

• Kunzima ukubona nokubona izithombe;

• Bona abantu abahlanekezelwe ngezinhlaka ezifiphalisiwe nezingabonakali kahle;

• Bona izinto eziyimpinda nabantu;

• Ukubona okufiphele;

• Ukuzwa kokubona ukukhanya kukhanya ngamandla amakhulu nangokwakhiwa kwama-halos noma ama-halos;

• Ukuzwela okwengeziwe ekukhanyeni;

• Kunzima ukuhlukanisa imibala kahle nokukhomba amathoni afanayo;

• Izinguquko ezenzeka njalo ezingeni lezibuko.

Lezi zimpawu zingavela ndawonye noma ngokwehlukana, futhi kufanele zihlolwe ngudokotela wezifo zamehlo ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa okufanele.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Isizathu esiyinhloko se-cataract ukuguga kwemvelo, ngoba ilensi yeso iqala ukungafihli lutho, ingaguquguquki futhi ibe mkhulu futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, umzimba awukwazi ukondla lesi sitho.

Noma kunjalo, kunezinye izimbangela, njenge:

• Ukuvezwa kwemisebe ngokweqile: imisebe yelanga noma amadokodo okushuka nama-X-ray kungaphazamisa ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kwamehlo futhi ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ubungozi bokukhula kwamehlo;

• Iziteleka esweni: uketshezi lwamehlo kungenzeka ngemuva kokuhlukumezeka esweni njengokushaywa noma ukulimala ngezinto ezingena ngaphakathi ezingadala ukulimala kwelensi;

• Isifo sikashukela: isifo sikashukela singadala ushintsho esweni, ikakhulukazi lapho amazinga kashukela egazi engaphezulu kwamanani wesethenjwa ajwayelekile. Bona ezinye izinguquko zamehlo ezibangelwa yisifo sikashukela;

• I-Hypothyroidism: ukwanda kokukhanya kwelensi kungenzeka kubantu abane-hypothyroidism futhi, yize ingajwayelekile kakhulu, kungadala ukuthwala kwamehlo;

• Izifo nezinqubo zokuvuvukala: kulokhu, izifo ezifana ne-conjunctivitis nezimo zokuvuvukala ezifana ne-uveitis, zingakhuphula ubungozi bokuhlaselwa ngamehlo;

  
  

• I-Crisis glaucoma, i-myopia ye-pathological noma ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo kwangaphambilini: kokubili i-glaucoma uqobo kanye nokwelashwa kwayo kungaholela ku-cataract, kanye nase-pathological myopia noma ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo;

• Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemithi: Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi ethengiswayo, ikakhulukazi amaconsi wamehlo aqukethe i-corticosteroids, kungaholela ekubhekaneni nolwelwesi. Yazi ukuthi yimaphi amanye amakhambi angadala i-cataract;

• Ukukhubazeka kwengane: okunye ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kungaholela kokungajwayelekile kuzakhi zofuzo zamehlo, kufake engozini ukwakheka kwazo, okungadala ukonakala.

Ezinye izinto zingakhuphula ubungozi bokuqhamuka ngamehlo njengokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kweziphuzo ezidakayo, ukubhema, umlando womndeni we-cataract, umfutho wegazi ophakeme nokukhuluphala ngokweqile.

Ngokuya ngesizathu, ukubonwa ngamehlo kungabhekwa njengokuzuziwe noma ukuzalwa, kepha okuzalwa ngokweqile akuvamile kakhulu futhi kuvame ukuvela uma kunezinye izimo emndenini.

Izinhlobo zamehlo

I-cataract ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana ngokwesizathu sayo. Kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela wamehlo wakho ukukhomba uhlobo lwe-cataract bese wenza ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

1. I-cataract yeSenile

I-senile cataract ihlobene nobudala, imvamisa ivela ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50 futhi ivela ngenxa yenqubo yemvelo yokuguga komzimba.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zama-cataract senile:

• I-cataract yenuzi: yakhiwa maphakathi nelensi, inikeze iso ukubukeka okumhlophe;

• I-Cortical cataract: kwenzeka ezifundeni eziseceleni ze-lens futhi ngokuvamile ayiphazamisi umbono ophakathi;

• I-posterior subcapsular cataract: lolu hlobo lwe-cataract luvela ngaphansi kwe-capsule ezungeze i-lens ngemuva futhi imvamisa ihlotshaniswa nesifo sikashukela noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi efana ne-corticosteroids.

2. I-cataract yokuzalwa

I-cataract ye-Congenital ihambelana nokungahleleki kahle kwelensi ngesikhathi sokukhula kwengane, okungathinta iso elilodwa noma womabili amehlo futhi kungakhonjwa ngemuva nje kokuzalwa, kusesegumbini lokubeletha, ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo. Lapho kutholakala ukuxilongwa, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlinzwa ngokushesha okukhulu ukugwema ukukhubazeka okuphelele kombono noma ezinye izinkinga zamehlo ngesikhathi sokukhula.

Izimbangela zesifo sokubeletha esibelethweni kungaba yizakhi zofuzo noma ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwelensi yombungu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngaphezu kwezifo ze-metabolic ezifana ne-galactosemia, izifo ezifana ne-rubella, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi efana ne-corticosteroids noma ukungondleki kahle ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, isibonelo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-cataract yokuzalwa.

3. I-cataract ehlukumezayo

I-cataract ehlukumezekile ingenzeka kunoma ngubani ngenxa yengozi, ukulimala noma ukuhlukumezeka kwamehlo, njengezibhakela, ukushaywa noma ukungena kwezinto emehlweni, isibonelo. Lolu hlobo lwe-cataract ngokuvamile alwenzeki ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlukumezeka, futhi kungathatha iminyaka ukukhula.

4. I-cataract yesibili

Ukwelashwa kwesibili kwenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezinjengesifo sikashukela noma i-hypothyroidism noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi efana ne-corticosteroids, isibonelo. Kubalulekile ukugcina ukulandelwa kwezokwelapha kwalezi zifo nokusetshenziswa kwemithi yokwehlisa ubungozi bokuba nenkalakatha yomzimba.

Bheka amathiphu ayi-10 alula okulawula isifo sikashukela.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwe-cataract kwenziwa i-ophthalmologist lapho ihlaziya umlando, imishanguzo esetshenziswayo, izifo ezikhona nezinye izinto ezinobungozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uhlola amehlo ngomshini obizwa ngokuthi i-ophthalmoscope, kungenzeka ukukhomba ukuthi ikuphi ngqo nendawo yobulelesi. Funda kabanzi ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo.

Endabeni yezinsana nezingane, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela ngezimpawu zokuthi ingane ingaba ne-cataract, njengobunzima bokubheka ngqo entweni noma ukuletha izandla emehlweni kaningi, ikakhulukazi lapho kuvezwa ukukhanya kwelanga. , Ngokwesibonelo.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-cataract kungabandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwezingilazi noma ama-lens okuxhumana nawo ukwenza ngcono inkinga yombono, noma kunjalo, ukuphela kwendlela yokwelapha ekwelapheni i-cataract ukuhlinzwa lapho kususwa khona ilensi futhi kufakwe amalensi endaweni. Funda kabanzi ngokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract.

Ungayivimbela kanjani i-cataract

Ezinye izindlela zokuqapha zingathathwa ukuvimbela ukuvela kwesilonda, njenge:

• Yenza izivivinyo zamehlo njalo;
• Ungasebenzisi amaconsi wamehlo futhi uphuze imishanguzo, ikakhulukazi i-corticosteroids, ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha;
• Gqoka izibuko zelanga ukunciphisa ukutholakala kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet;
• Yeka ukubhema;
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kweziphuzo ezidakayo;
• Lawula isifo sikashukela;
• Gcina isisindo esifanele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukugcina ukudla okunempilo okunothe ngamavithamini A, B12, C no-E, amaminerali afana ne-calcium, i-phosphorus kanye ne-zinc kanye nama-antioxidants anjenge-omega 3 akhona ezinhlanzini, ulwelwe nembewu efana ne-chia ne-flaxseed, isibonelo, njengoba zingasiza ekuvikeleni i-cataract futhi zivikele amehlo ekugugeni kwemvelo.