Ukungezwani kwekati

-Delile

• Izimbangela
• Izimpawu
• Izithombe zemiqhuma yokungezwani nezinto ezithile
• Kutholakala kanjani ukuthi i-allergies yekati itholakala kanjani
• Ukungezwani komzimba nokuhlolwa kwesikhumba
• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kwangaphakathi
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Ungayelapha kanjani imikhuhlane yekati
• Amakhambi asekhaya
• Izicoci ezihamba phambili zomoya zokungezwani nekati
• Ukungezwani kwekati ezinganeni
• Ukunciphisa ukungezwani kwekati

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Ukuphila nokungezwani nekati

Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yabantu baseMelika abanenkinga yokungezwani nezinto ezithile bayalwa namakati nezinja. Futhi abantu abaphindwe kabili kunabo bonke ababa nezinkinga zokungezwani komzimba nekati kunezilonda zezinja.

Ukukhomba imbangela yokungezwani komzimba kwakho kungaba nzima lapho isilwane sihlala ekhaya lakho. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi amakhaya aqukethe ezinye izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba, njengezintuthane, ezingadala izimpawu ezifanayo. Kubalulekile ukubona i-allergist ukuqinisekisa ukungezwani komzimba nesilwane.

Kungaba nzima ukuvuma ukuthi ikati olithandayo lidala izinkinga zezempilo. Abantu abaningi bakhetha ukubekezelela izimpawu kunokuba balahle isilwane sabo. Uma uzimisele ngokuhlala noFluffy, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba kwakho.

Funda ukuze ufunde ngezimpawu zokungezwani nekati nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuyivimbela.

Izimbangela

Izakhi zofuzo zibonakala zinendima ekuthuthukiseni ukungezwani komzimba, okusho ukuthi maningi amathuba okuthi uzithole uma unamalungu omndeni nawo ayaliwa.

Amasosha omzimba wakho enza amasosha omzimba ukulwa nezinto ezingalimaza umzimba wakho, njengamagciwane namagciwane.Kumuntu onalesi sifo, amasosha omzimba enza iphutha lokungezwani komzimba nento ethize eyingozi bese eqala ukwenza amasosha omzimba alwe nayo. Yilokhu okwenza izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba njengokulunywa, ikhala eligobayo, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba kanye nesifuba somoya.

Endabeni yokungezwani nekati, izinto ezingezwani komzimba zingavela kudander wekati lakho (isikhumba esifile), uboya, amathe, ngisho nomchamo wawo. Ukuphefumula i-pet dander noma ukuxhumana nalokhu komzimba kungadala ukusabela okweqile. Izinhlayiya zezilwane ezifuywayo zingathwalwa ngezingubo, zijikeleziswe emoyeni, zihlale kwifenisha nasemibhedeni, futhi zihlale ngemuva emvelweni ezenziwa izinhlayiya zothuli.

Izimpawu

Awudingi ukuba nekati ukuze uvezwe ku-allergen. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi iyakwazi ukuhamba ngezingubo zabantu. Ukungezwani kwekati kungahle kungabonakali izinsuku ezimbalwa uma ukuzwela kwakho noma amazinga e-allergen ephansi.

Izimpawu ezivamile zokungezwani komzimba nekati ngokuvamile zilandela ngemuva nje kokuhlangana nekati dander, amathe, noma umchamo. I-allergen yekati engaphezulu kwabantu abanenkinga yokungezwani nekati abasabela ngayo ivela ematheni esikati nasesikhumbeni. Kutholakala emazingeni aphezulu emakati wesilisa futhi kudluliselwe eboyeni bekati ngesikhathi sokuzilungisa. I-allergen ingadala ukuvuvukala nokulinya ulwelwesi oluzungeze amehlo akho nekhala, imvamisa okuholela ekuvukeleni kwamehlo nasekhaleni eligcwele. Abanye abantu bangase bahlakulele ukuqhuma ebusweni babo, entanyeni, noma esifubeni esiphezulu ekuphenduleni i-allergen.

Ukukhathala kuvamile ekwelashweni okungalashwa, njengokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo ngenxa yokudonswa kwangemva kokubeletha. Kodwa izimpawu ezifana nemfiva, ukugodola, isicanucanu, noma ukuhlanza kufanele kubhekwe njengokuhlobene nokugula kunokungezwani komzimba.

Uma uxabana nekati futhi igulisi lekati lingena emaphashini akho, iziphazamiso zomzimba zingahlangana nama-antibodies futhi zidale izimpawu. Lokhu kungabandakanya ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela nokuphefumula. Ukungezwani komzimba nekati kungadala ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya futhi kungaba yisisusa sesifuba somoya esingalapheki.

Kuze kube ngamaphesenti angama-30 abantu abane-asthma abangahlaselwa kanzima lapho behlangana nekati. Kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngohlelo lokwelashwa uma izimpawu zakho ziphazamisa noma zingakhululeki.

Izithombe zemiqhuma yokungezwani nezinto ezithile

Kutholakala kanjani ukuthi i-allergies yekati itholakala kanjani

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlola noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba, kufaka phakathi amakati: ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba nesikhumba. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba nokuhlolwa kwesikhumba kwe-intradermal. Zombili lezi zivivinyo zinikeza imiphumela esheshayo futhi zivame ukubiza ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kwegazi.

Imithi ethile ingaphazamisa ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba, ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi yikuphi ukuhlolwa okukulungele. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kuvame ukwenziwa yi-allergenist ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokusabela okunzima ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

Ukungezwani komzimba nokuhlolwa kwesikhumba

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela wakho ukuze bakwazi ukubona noma yikuphi ukuphendula.

Usebenzisa inaliti ehlanzekile, udokotela wakho uzobhoboza isikhumba sakho (imvamisa engalweni noma emuva), bese efaka inani elincane le-allergen. Kungenzeka ukuthi uhlolwe ama-allergen amaningana ngasikhathi sinye. Uzophinde uhlatshwe isikhumba ngesixazululo sokulawula esingenawo amagciwane. Udokotela wakho angabhala inombolo ngayinye ukuthola i-allergen.

Cishe emizuzwini engu-15 kuye kwengu-20, indawo ebhoboza isikhumba ingaba bomvu noma ivuvuke. Lokhu kusabela kuqinisekisa ukungezwani komzimba naleyo nto. Ukungezwani komzimba nekati elilungile kuvame ukudala iqhubu elibomvu, elilumayo ku-allergen yekati. Le miphumela engathandeki ngokuvamile iyahamba imizuzu engama-30 ngemuva kokuhlolwa.

Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kwangaphakathi

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa nasehhovisi likadokotela wakho ukuze bakwazi ukubona noma yikuphi ukuphendula.

Ama-allergen angenzeka angajova ngaphansi kwesikhumba sengalo noma ingalo. Amaqhubu abomvu, alumayo azovela ngempendulo enhle.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-intradermal kubhekwa njengokuzwela kakhudlwana ekutholeni ukungezwani komzimba kunokuhlolwa kwesikhumba, okusho ukuthi kungaba ngcono ekuboniseni umphumela omuhle uma kukhona ukungezwani komzimba. Kepha futhi ingaba nezinzuzo eziningi zamanga kunokuhlolwa kwesikhumba. Lokho kusho ukuthi kudala ukusabela kwesikhumba uma kungekho ukungezwani komzimba.

Kokubili ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kunendima ekuhlolweni kokungezwani komzimba. Wena dokotela uzochaza ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokuhlola ekulungele kakhulu.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Abanye abantu abakwazi ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba, kaningi ngenxa yesimo sesikhumba esivele sikhona noma iminyaka yabo. Izingane ezincane zivame ukuba nesikhathi esinzima kakhulu ngokuhlolwa kwesikhumba. Kulezi zimo, udokotela uzo-oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Igazi lizodonswa ehhovisi likadokotela noma elebhu bese lithunyelwa ukuyohlolwa. Igazi bese lihlolwa ama-antibodies kuma-allergen ajwayelekile, njenge-cat dander. Imiphumela ithatha isikhathi eside, kepha ayikho ingozi yokuphendula okweqile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi.

Ungayelapha kanjani imikhuhlane yekati

Ukugwema i-allergen kungcono kakhulu, kepha uma lokho kungenzeki, izindlela ezilandelayo zingasiza:

• ama-antihistamine, njenge-diphenhydramine (i-Benadryl), i-loratadine (i-Claritin) noma i-cetirizine (i-Zyrtec)
• izifutho zamankanka ze-corticosteroid ezifana ne-fluticasone (Flonase) noma i-mometasone (i-Nasonex)
• izifutho zokuqeda amandla ezithengiswayo
• cromolyn sodium, evimbela ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali omzimba futhi anganciphisa izimpawu
• izibhamu zokungezwani komzimba ezibizwa ngokuthi i-immunotherapy (uchungechunge lwezibhamu ezikukhubaza ku-allergen)
• leukotriene inhibitors, njenge-montelukast (i-Singulair)

Ngenxa ye-, i-montelukast kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela uma ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezingekho.

Thenga iBenadryl, iClaritin, noma iFlonase manje.

Amakhambi asekhaya

Ukuhlanzwa kwamakhala kuyikhambi lasekhaya lezimpawu zokungezwani nekati. Amanzi anosawoti (usawoti) asetshenziselwa ukugeza izindinyana zakho zamakhala, ukunciphisa isiminyaminya, ukudonsa kwangemva kokubeletha, nokuthimula. Izinhlobo eziningi ezithengiswayo ziyatholakala. Ungenza amanzi anosawoti ekhaya ngokuhlanganisa i-1/8 isipuni sikasawoti wethebula nama-ounces ayisishiyagalombili wamanzi afakiwe.

Ngokusho kuka, i-butterbur (i-herbal supplement), i-acupuncture, nama-probiotic kungathuthukisa izimpawu zokwaliwa yizikhathi ezithile zonyaka. Noma kunjalo, ucwaningo lukhawulelwe. Akucaci ukuthi le mikhiqizo izosebenza kanjani ngqo ekulweni nokwaliwa yizilwane. Izindlela zokwelapha ezibonisa izinzuzo ezingaba khona yilezo ezihlanganyela isenzo esifanayo emzimbeni uma kuqhathaniswa nemithi yendabuko.

Thenga izithasiselo ze-butterbur.

Izicoci ezihamba phambili zomoya zokungezwani nekati

Izihlungi zomoya osebenza kahle kakhulu (HEPA) zingesinye sezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuzivikela ekulweni nokungezwani komzimba nekati. Zinciphisa ukungezwani kwezilwane ezihamba emoyeni ngokuphoqa umoya ngesihlungi esikhethekile esibamba i-pet dander, kanye nempova, izibungu zothuli, nezinye izifo.

Thenga izihlungi zomoya ze-HEPA.

Ukungezwani kwekati ezinganeni

Kunempikiswano eqhubekayo kososayensi ukuthi ngabe izinsana ezichayeke ezilwaneni zisencane kakhulu zenzelwe ukungezwani nezinto ezithile komzimba, noma uma lokho okuphambene kuyiqiniso. Izifundo zakamuva zifinyelele eziphethweni eziphikisanayo. Ucwaningo lwango-2015 lwathola ukuthi ukuvezela izingane amakati nezinja emakhaya kuhlotshaniswa nengozi ephezulu yokuthola ukungezwani komzimba phakathi neminyaka emine yokuqala yempilo yengane.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ucwaningo lwango-2011 lwathola ukuthi izingane ezihlala namakati, ikakhulukazi ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, ziba nama-antibody esilwaneni futhi azibanga namathuba okuthola ukungezwani komzimba kamuva.

Ucwaningo lwango-2017 luthole ukuthi amakati nezinja zinganikeza inzuzo ngokudalula izingane kumabhaktheriya athile anempilo zisencane. Ucwaningo luphethe ngokuthi izingane ezivezwa ikati noma inja ekhaya ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zingaba nezinkinga ezimbalwa zokungezwani komzimba esikhathini esizayo kunezingane ezingazange zivezwe.

Udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukuphendula imibuzo ongayithola mayelana nengane yakho nekati lakho. Ezinganeni ezinokungezwani nezinto ezithile, ukususa amathoyizi endwangu nezilwane ezigxishiwe bese uzifaka esikhundleni sepulasitiki noma ezingagezeka kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu.

Ukunciphisa ukungezwani kwekati

Ukugwema kungcono ukuvimbela ukungezwani komzimba kwasekuqaleni. Kepha uma uthola ukuthi awunazwani nekati lakho, kunezinye izindlela kunokuqeda isilwane sakho. Cabanga ngamasu wokunciphisa izimpawu zakho.

• Gcina ikati ngaphandle kwegumbi lakho lokulala.
• Geza izandla zakho ngemuva kokuthinta ikati.
• Susa udonga oludonga nodonga nefenisha ephakanyisiwe. Ukhuni noma uthayela waphansi kanye nezindonga ezihlanzekile kusiza ekwehliseni okokuzeyisa
• Khetha ama-rugs wokuphonsa noma izembozo zefenisha ezingagezwa emanzini ashisayo, futhi uziwashe njalo.
• Mboza imishini yokufudumeza nomoya opholile ngento yokuhlunga eminyene efana ne-cheesecloth.
• Faka umshini wokuhlanza umoya.
• Shintsha izihlungi kumayunithi wokungenisa umoya nasemafenishini njalo.
• Gcina izinga lomswakama ekhaya lakho cishe ngamaphesenti angama-40.
• Hlanza isonto ngalinye ngomshini wokuhlunga we-HEPA.
• Sebenzisa imaski yobuso ngenkathi uthuli noma uhlanza.
• Qasha umuntu ongeyena umuthi wokugulisa izintuli ekhaya futhi ahlanze ibhokisi lodoti.

Uma unenkinga yokungezwani komzimba nekati elibi, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana ne-immunotherapy yesixazululo sokwelapha isikhathi eside.