Isifo seCeliac: Okungaphezu Kokubekezelelana Kwe-Gluten

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-celiac?
• Izimpawu zesifo seCeliac ezinganeni
• Izimpawu zesifo seCeliac kubantu abadala
• Ngubani osengozini yesifo se-celiac?
• Sitholakala kanjani isifo se-celiac?
• Selashwa kanjani isifo se-celiac?
• Ukuqapha kokudla kwabantu abanesifo se-celiac

Siyini isifo se-celiac?

Isifo seCeliac yisifo sokugaya ukudla esibangelwa ukusabela okungavamile kokuzivikela komzimba ku-gluten. Isifo seCeliac saziwa nangokuthi:

• sprue
• i-spront nontropical
• i-enteropathy ezwela nge-gluten

I-Gluten yiprotheni etholakala ekudleni okwenziwe ngokolweni, ibhali, i-rye ne-triticale. Kutholakala nakuma-oats enziwe lapho kucutshungulwa izitshalo eziphatha ezinye izinhlamvu. I-Gluten ingatholakala kweminye imithi, amavithamini, nezindebe zomlomo. Ukungabekezelelani kwe-Gluten, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuzwela kwe-gluten, kubonakala ngokungakwazi komzimba ukugaya noma ukuphula i-gluten. Abanye abantu abane-gluten ukungabekezelelani banokuzwela okuncane ku-gluten, kanti abanye banesifo se-celiac okuyisifo sokuzimela komzimba.

Esifo se-celiac, ukuphendula komzimba ku-gluten kudala ubuthi obonakalisa i-villi. I-Villi yizicucu ezincane ezinjengomunwe ngaphakathi kwamathumbu amancane. Lapho i-villi yonakala, umzimba awukwazanga ukuncela izakhamzimba ekudleni. Lokhu kungaholela ekungondlekeni kahle nakwezinye izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo, kufaka phakathi ukulimala kwamathumbu unomphela.

Ngokusho kweNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-141 baseMelika unesifo se-celiac. Abantu abanesifo se-celiac badinga ukuqeda zonke izinhlobo ze-gluten ekudleni kwabo. Lokhu kufaka imikhiqizo eminingi yesinkwa, izimpahla ezibhakiwe, ubhiya, nokudla lapho i-gluten ingasetshenziswa khona njengesithako sokuzinzisa.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-celiac?

Izimpawu zesifo seCeliac zivame ukufaka amathumbu nohlelo lokugaya ukudla, kepha zingathinta nezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Izingane kanye nabantu abadala bavame ukuba nezimpawu ezihlukile zezimpawu.

Izimpawu zesifo seCeliac ezinganeni

Izingane ezinesifo se-celiac zingazizwa zikhathele futhi zicasukile. Zingahle futhi zibe zincane kunokujwayelekile futhi zibambezele ukuthomba. Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:

• ukuncipha komzimba
• ukuhlanza
• ukuqunjelwa esiswini
• ubuhlungu besisu
• uhudo oluqhubekayo noma ukuqunjelwa
• izitulo eziphaphathekile, ezinonile, nezinuka kabi

Izimpawu zesifo seCeliac kubantu abadala

Abantu abadala abanesifo se-celiac bangathola izimpawu zokugaya ukudla. Ezimweni eziningi, noma kunjalo, izimpawu zithinta nezinye izindawo zomzimba. Lezi zimpawu zingafaka:

• i-iron-defence anemia
• ubuhlungu obuhlangene nokuqina
• amathambo abuthakathaka
• ukukhathala
• isithuthwane
• ukuphazamiseka kwesikhumba
• ukuba ndikindiki nokushosheka ezandleni nasezinyaweni
• ukushintsha kwamazinyo noma ukulahleka koqweqwe lwawo
• izilonda eziphaphathekile ngaphakathi emlonyeni
• izikhathi ezingajwayelekile zokuya esikhathini
• ukungabi nenzalo nokuphuphuma kwesisu

I-Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) ngesinye isibonakaliso esijwayelekile sesifo se-celiac. I-DH ukuqubuka okukhulu kwesikhumba okwenziwe ngama-bumps nama-blisters. Kungakhula endololwaneni, ezinqeni, nasemadolweni. I-DH ithinta cishe amaphesenti ayi-15 kuye kwangama-25 abantu abanesifo se-celiac. Labo abanesipiliyoni se-DH ngokuvamile abanazo izimpawu zokugaya ukudla.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu kuye ngezici ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi:

• ubude besikhathi lapho umuntu anceliswa khona njengosana
• iminyaka umuntu aqala ngayo ukudla i-gluten
• inani le-gluten umuntu adlayo
• ubunzima bomonakalo wamathumbu

Abanye abantu abanesifo se-celiac abanazimpawu. Kodwa-ke, basengaba nezinkinga zesikhathi eside ngenxa yesifo sabo.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma usola ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho unesifo se-celiac. Lapho ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kubambezeleka, kungenzeka ukuthi kube nezinkinga.

Ngubani osengozini yesifo se-celiac?

Isifo seCeliac sisebenza emindenini. Ngokusho kwe-University of Chicago Medical Center, abantu banethuba elilodwa kwabangu-22 lokuthola isifo se-celiac uma umzali noma ingane yakubo inaleso simo.

Abantu abanezinye izifo ezizimele nezifo ezithile zofuzo nabo banamathuba amaningi okuba nesifo se-celiac. Ezinye izimo ezihambisana nesifo se-celiac zifaka:

• lupus
• isifo samathambo
• thayipha isifo sikashukela esingu-1
• isifo segilo
• izifo zesibindi ezizimele
• Isifo i-Addison
• I-Sjogren's syndrome
• I-Down syndrome
• I-Turner syndrome
• ukungabekezelelani kwe-lactose
• umdlavuza wamathumbu
• i-lymphoma yamathumbu

Sitholakala kanjani isifo se-celiac?

Ukuxilongwa kuqala ngokuhlolwa komzimba kanye nomlando wezokwelapha.

Odokotela bazophinde benze izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Abantu abanesifo se-celiac bavame ukuba namazinga aphezulu e-antiendomysium (EMA) nama-anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTGA) antibodies. Lezi zingatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ukuhlolwa kunokwethenjelwa kakhulu lapho kwenziwa ngenkathi i-gluten isesokudla.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile kufaka:

• ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (CBC)
• ukuhlolwa kwesibindi
• ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol
• i-alkaline phosphatase level test
• ukuhlolwa kwe-serum albumin

Kubantu abane-DH, i-biopsy yesikhumba nayo ingasiza odokotela ukuthola isifo se-celiac. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesikhumba, udokotela uzosusa izingcezu ezincane zezicubu zesikhumba ukuze zihlolwe ngemicroscope. Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwesikhumba nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi kukhombisa isifo se-celiac, i-biopsy yangaphakathi kungenzeka ingadingeki.

Ezimweni lapho ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma imiphumela ye-biopsy yesikhumba kungabonakali, i-endoscopy ephezulu ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlola isifo se-celiac. Ngesikhathi se-endoscopy ephezulu, ishubhu elincanyana elibizwa ngokuthi i-endoscope lifakwa ngomlomo lize lishone emathunjini amancane. Ikhamera encane enamathiselwe kwi-endoscope ivumela udokotela ukuba ahlole amathumbu futhi abheke ukuthi akonakele yini ku-villi. Udokotela angenza futhi i-biopsy yamathumbu, okubandakanya ukususwa kwesampula lesicubu emathunjini ukuze lihlaziywe.

Selashwa kanjani isifo se-celiac?

Ukuphela kwendlela yokwelapha isifo se-celiac ukususa unomphela i-gluten ekudleni kwakho. Lokhu kuvumela i-villi yamathumbu ukuthi yelaphe futhi iqale ukumunca izakhi kahle. Udokotela wakho uzokufundisa ukuthi ungakugwema kanjani i-gluten ngenkathi ulandela ukudla okunomsoco nokunempilo. Bazokunikeza nemiyalo yokuthi uwafunda kanjani amalebula okudla nawomkhiqizo ukuze ukwazi ukubona noma yiziphi izithako eziqukethe i-gluten.

Izimpawu zingathuthuka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokususa i-gluten ekudleni. Kodwa-ke, akufanele uyeke ukudla i-gluten kuze kube kutholakala ukuxilongwa. Ukususa i-gluten ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungaphazamisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa futhi kuholele ekuxilongweni okungalungile.

Ukuqapha kokudla kwabantu abanesifo se-celiac

Ukugcina ukudla okungenayo i-gluten akulula. Ngenhlanhla, izinkampani eziningi manje zenza imikhiqizo engenalo i-gluten, engatholakala ezitolo ezahlukahlukene zokudla nasezitolo zokudla okukhethekile. Amalebula kule mikhiqizo azothi “ayina-gluten.”

Uma unesifo se-celiac, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okuphephile. Nalu uchungechunge lwemihlahlandlela yokudla engakusiza unqume ukuthi uzodlani nokuthi yini okufanele uyigweme.

Gwema izithako ezilandelayo:

• ukolweni
• kupelwe
• rye
• ibhali
• triticale
• i-bulgur
• i-durum
• farina
• ufulawa ka-graham
• semolina

Gwema ngaphandle kokuthi ilebula ithi ayina-gluten:

• ubhiya
• isinkwa
• amakhekhe nophaya
• uswidi
• okusanhlamvu
• amakhukhi
• abaqaphi
• croutons
• amandla adonsela phansi
• inyama yokulingisa noma ukudla kwasolwandle
• oats
• i-pasta
• kusetshenzwe inyama yasemini, amasoseji nezinja ezishisayo
• okokugqoka isaladi
• amasoso (kufaka phakathi i-soy sauce)
• izinkukhu zokuziqhayisa
• amasobho

Ungadla lezi zinhlamvu ezingenayo i-gluten nezitashi:

• okufana nokolweni
• ukolweni
• amaranth
• umcibisholo
• okusanhlamvu
• ufulawa owenziwe ngelayisi, isoya, ummbila, amazambane noma ubhontshisi
• ama-tortilla amasha ommbila
• quinoa
• irayisi
• tapioca

Ukudla okunempilo, okungenama-gluten kufaka:

• inyama entsha, inhlanzi, kanye nezinkukhu ezingakaze zifakwe isinkwa, ezigutshuwe, noma ezingasolwanga
• izithelo
• imikhiqizo eminingi yobisi
• imifino enesitashi njengophizi, amazambane, kufaka phakathi ubhatata, nommbila
• irayisi, ubhontshisi, nodali
• imifino
• iwayini, iziphuzo ezi-distilled, ama-cider, nemimoya

Izimpawu zakho kufanele zithuthuke kungakapheli izinsuku kuya kumaviki okwenza lokhu kulungiswa kokudla. Ezinganeni, amathumbu avame ukuphola ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha. Ukuphulukiswa kwamathumbu kungathatha iminyaka eminingana kubantu abadala. Lapho amathumbu eselapheke ngokuphelele, umzimba uzokwazi ukuncela izakhamzimba ngendlela efanele.