Umlomo Wesibeletho Dystonia

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho
• Izimbangela ze-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho
• Izici zobungozi
• Ukuthola ukukhululeka ebuhlungwini
• Ubuthi beBotulinum
• Imithi
• Ukwelashwa kwe-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba
• I-Biofeedback
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukugqugquzela ubuchopho obujulile
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba
• Umbono we-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho

Ukubuka konke

I-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho yisimo esingajwayelekile lapho imisipha yakho yentamo ingenela khona ngokuzithandela kwizikhundla ezingejwayelekile. Kubangela ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo kokuzungeza kwekhanda lakho nentamo. Ukunyakaza kungaba ngezikhathi ezithile, ku-spasms, noma njalo.

Ubukhulu be-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho buyahlukahluka. Kungaba buhlungu futhi kukhubaze kwezinye izimo. Isizathu esithile asaziwa. Alikho ikhambi okwamanje, kodwa izimpawu zingelashwa.

I-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho ibizwa nangokuthi i-spasmodic torticollis.

Izimpawu ze-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho

Ubuhlungu yisibonakaliso esivame kakhulu futhi esiyinselele se-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho. Ubuhlungu buvame ukuba sohlangothini olufanayo lwekhanda njengokuthambekela.

Ukunyakaza okungajwayelekile kakhulu kwi-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho ukusonteka kwekhanda nesilevu eceleni, ubheke ehlombe lakho, elibizwa nge-torticollis. Okunye ukunyakaza okungavamile kufaka ikhanda:

• ukuqhubekela phambili, chin phansi, okwaziwa njenge-anterocollis
• sitsheke emuva, isilevu phezulu, okuthiwa i-retrocollis
• ukutshekela eceleni, indlebe ehlombe, okwaziwa ngokuthi yi-laterocollis

Abanye bangaba nenhlanganisela yalokhu kuhamba. Futhi, izimpawu zingahluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nangokomuntu ngamunye.

Ukucindezeleka noma injabulo ingaqinisa izimpawu. Futhi, ezinye izikhundla zomzimba zingenza kusebenze izimpawu.

Izimpawu zivame ukuqala kancane kancane. Bangase babe babi kakhulu bese befika ethafeni. Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• ubuhlungu bentamo obuphuma emahlombe
• ihlombe eliphakanyisiwe
• ukuthuthumela kwesandla
• ikhanda
• ukuthuthumela kwekhanda, okuthinta cishe isigamu sabantu abane-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho
• ukukhuliswa kwemisipha yentamo, kuthinta cishe amaphesenti angama-75 abantu abane-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho
• ukungazi ngokunyakaza komzimba okungathinteki yi-dystonia

Izimbangela ze-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho

Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela ye-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho ayaziwa. Izimbangela ezingaba khona ezikhonjwe kwezinye izimo zifaka:

• ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa, njengeParkinson's
• umuthi ovimba i-dopamine, njengamanye ama-antipsychotic
• ukulimala ekhanda, entanyeni, noma emahlombe
• ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, njengoba amaphesenti ayi-10 kuye kwangama-25 abantu abane-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho bangaba nomlando womndeni wesifo
• inkinga yengqondo

Kwezinye izimo, i-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho ikhona lapho kuzalwa. Izici zemvelo nazo zingabandakanyeka.

Izici zobungozi

I-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho ilinganiselwa ukuthinta abantu ababalelwa ku-60,000 e-United States. Labo abasengozini bahlanganisa:

• abesifazane, abathinteka cishe kaningi ngokuphindwe kabili kunabesilisa
• abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 nengama-60
• labo abanomlando womndeni we-dystonia

Ukuthola ukukhululeka ebuhlungwini

Ubuhlungu uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho. Abantu baphendula ngawodwana ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezidakamizwa kanye nasekuhlanganisweni kwemithi. Okusebenzela abanye kungenzeka kungakusebenzeli.

Ubuthi beBotulinum

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kokuqedwa kobuhlungu imijovo ye-botulinum toxin emisipheni yentamo njalo emavikini ayi-11 kuya kwayi-12. Lokhu kukhubaza izinzwa ezisemisipheni yentamo. Kubikwa ukuthi kudambisa izinhlungu nezinye izimpawu kumaphesenti angama-75 abantu abane-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho.

Ngokuya ngocwaningo lwango-2008, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ukuxilongwa kwesiginali kagesi, noma i-electromyography, ukukhomba imisipha ethile yokujova i-botulinum toxin.

Izidakamizwa ezinobuthi beBotulinum ezisetshenzisiwe zifaka iBotox, iDysport, Xeomin, neMyobloc. Kungenzeka ujwayelene neBotox njengokubusheleleka kombimbi okusetshenziselwa izinjongo zezimonyo.

Imithi

Izinhlobo eziningi zemithi yomlomo zibikwa yiDystonia Foundation ukusiza ukukhulula izimpawu ezihambisana ne-cervical dystonia. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• i-anticholinergics, efana ne-trihexyphenidyl (Artane) ne-benztropine (Cogentin), evimba i-neurotransmitter acetylcholine
• i-dopaminergics, njenge-levodopa (iSinemet), i-bromocriptine (i-Parlodel), ne-amantadine (i-Symmetrel), evimba i-neurotransmitter dopamine
• I-GABAergics, efana ne-diazepam (Valium), ekhomba i-neurotransmitter GABA-A
• ama-anticonvulsants, njenge-topiramate (i-Topamax), evame ukusetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kokubili isithuthwane kanye ne-migraine, futhi ibike ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo ekwelapheni izimpawu ze-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho

Qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa nodokotela wakho ngemiphumela emibi ehambisana nale mithi.

Ukwelashwa kwe-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho

Izinketho zokwelashwa kwe-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho sezithuthukile eminyakeni yamuva. Ngokungeziwe ekwelashweni ngokomzimba, ukwelulekwa kungasiza, ikakhulukazi ezindleleni zokukusiza ubhekane nengcindezi.

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kungasiza. Lokhu kufaka ukubhucungwa nokushisa ukuze ukhulule intamo namahlombe akho kanye nokuzivocavoca okubhekiswe ekuqiniseni nasekuqiniseni.

Abantu abangu-20 abane-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho bathole ukuthi ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kuthuthukise izinhlungu, ezinye izimpawu, nekhwalithi yempilo. Iphrothokholi yokufunda ibandakanyeka:

• ukuzivocavoca ukuhambisa ohlangothini oluphambene nokuphambuka komuntu
• izivivinyo ze-kinesiotherapy zokuhambisa nokwelula intamo
• ukugqugquzela kagesi kwemisipha

I-Biofeedback

I-Biofeedback ifaka ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi ye-elektroniki ukukala okuguquguqukayo njengokusebenza kwemisipha, ukugeleza kwegazi, namagagasi obuchopho.

Imininingwane bese ibuyiselwa kumuntu one-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho, ukusiza ukubenza bakwazi ukuphatha iminyakazo yabo yokuzibandakanya.

Ucwaningo oluncane luka-2013 olusebenzisa i-biofeedback lukhombise ukukhululeka okukhulu kobuhlungu nokuthuthuka kwekhwalithi yempilo.

Ukuhlinzwa

Lapho izindlela zokwelapha ezengeziwe zingasebenzi, izinqubo zokuhlinza zingaba inketho. Yazi ukuthi i-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho yisimo esingajwayelekile, ngakho-ke izifundo ezilawulwa kakhulu azitholakali.

Izindlela ezindala zokuhlinza zibandakanya ukusika imizwa ebuchosheni ebandakanyeka ekunyakazeni kwekhanda okungazibandakanyi. Lezi zinqubo zokuhlinza zingaba nemiphumela emibi. Futhi, ukunyakaza okungazibandakanyi kungabuya ngemuva kwesikhathi.

Ukugqugquzela ubuchopho obujulile

Ukugqugquzela ubuchopho obujulile, okubizwa nangokuthi i-neuromodulation, ukwelashwa okusha. Kubandakanya ukubhola imbobo encane ekhakhayini nokufaka imikhondo kagesi ebuchosheni.

Ibhethri elincane elilawula umkhondo lifakwa eduze kwekhola. Izintambo ezingaphansi kwesikhumba zixhuma ibhethri kwimikhondo. Usebenzisa irimothi ukuletha amandla kagesi anamandla aphansi ezinzwa ezibhekene nokunyakaza kwekhanda nentamo okungazibandakanyi.

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba

Uchwepheshe wezomzimba angasiza ngokuzivocavoca okuthile ongakwenza ngokuphepha ekhaya ukukhulula izimpawu nokuqinisa imisipha yakho.

Kwesinye isikhathi amaqhinga alula wezinzwa angasiza ekunqandeni i-spasm. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuthinta kancane uhlangothi olubhekene nobuso bakho, isilevu, isihlathi, noma ngemuva kwekhanda lakho. Ukwenza lokhu ohlangothini olufanayo ne-spasm yakho kungasebenza kakhulu, kepha ukusebenza kungancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Umbono we-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho

I-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho yisifo esibi sezinzwa esingakabi nalo ikhambi elaziwayo okwamanje. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ze-dystonia, kungabandakanya ubuhlungu obukhulu bomzimba nokukhubazeka. Kwenziwa kubi yingcindezi.

Kungenzeka ukuthi ube nengxube yezindlela zokwelapha, kufaka phakathi:

• ubuthi be-botulinum
• ukwelashwa ngokomzimba
• ukwelulekwa
• ukuhlinzwa, kwezinye izimo

Abantu abambalwa bangangena ekuxolelweni ngokwelashwa.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona zifaka:

• ukusakazeka kokunyakaza kokuzithandela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho
• amathambo aqubuka emgogodleni
• i-arthritis yomgogodla womlomo wesibeletho

Abantu abane-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho nabo banengozi enkulu yokudangala nokukhathazeka.

Ngasohlangothini oluhle, ukwelashwa kwe-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho kuyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka njengoba kwenziwa ezinye izifundo zocwaningo. Ungaba nentshisekelo yokujoyina isilingo somtholampilo esiphenya ukwelashwa okusha.

IDystonia Medical Research Foundation ingasiza ngolwazi nangezinsizakusebenza, njengokuthola iqembu elisekela online noma lendawo.