Isifo Esingamahlalakhona seTic Motor

-Delile

• Yini ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwemoto okungamahlalakhona?
• Ngubani osengozini yokugula okungamahlalakhona kwezimoto?
• Ukubona izimpawu zesifo esingelapheki semoto
• Ukuhlonza ukukhathazeka okungapheli kwezimoto
• Ukwelapha isifo esingalapheki semoto
• Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha
• Imithi
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa
• Yini engalindelwa esikhathini eside esizayo?

Kuyini okungapheli kwe-motor tic?

Isifo esingelapheki se-motor tic tic yisimo esifaka phakathi ukunyakaza okufishane, okungalawuleki, okufana ne-spasm noma ukuqhuma kwezwi (okunye okubizwa nge-phonic tics), kodwa hhayi zombili. Uma kukhona ukuqhuma komzimba kanye nezwi, isimo saziwa njenge-Tourette syndrome.

Isifo esingelapheki se-motor tic sivame kakhulu kune-Tourette syndrome, kepha asivamile kangako kunesifo se-tic esidlulayo. Lesi yisimo sesikhashana futhi esikhawulelwe esivezwa ngama-tics. Olunye uhlobo yi-dystonic tics, ebonakala njengokuqhuma okungazelelwe kokunyakaza okulandelwa ukusikwa okuqhubekayo.

Isifo esingalapheki semoto esiqala ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala eyi-18, futhi sixazululeka ngaphakathi kweminyaka emi-4 kuye kwengu-6. Ukwelashwa kungasiza ekunciphiseni umthelela wakho esikoleni noma empilweni yokusebenza.

Yini ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwemoto okungamahlalakhona?

Odokotela abaqiniseki ngokuphelele ukuthi yini ebangela i-motor tic disorder noma ukuthi kungani ezinye izingane ziyithuthukisa ngaphambi kwezinye. Abanye bacabanga ukuthi isifo esingalapheki se-motor tic kungahle kube ngumphumela wokungahambi kahle komzimba noma kwamakhemikhali ebuchosheni.

Ama-Neurotransmitters amakhemikhali ahambisa amasiginali ebuchosheni bonke. Kungenzeka ukuthi baxhuma kabi noma abaxhumani kahle. Lokhu kudala ukuthi "umyalezo" ofanayo uthunyelwe kaninginingi. Umphumela uba i-tic ebonakalayo.

Ngubani osengozini yokugula okungamahlalakhona kwezimoto?

Izingane ezinomlando womndeni we-tics engapheli noma ama-twitch maningi amathuba okuba ne-motor motor tic chronic. Abafana banamathuba amaningi okuba nesifo esingalapheki se-motor tic kunamantombazane.

Ukubona izimpawu zesifo esingelapheki semoto

Abantu abanesifo esingelapheki se-motor tic bangaveza izimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ukufinyela kobuso
• ukucwayiza ngokweqile, ukuswayiza, ukujeqeza, noma ukunyakazisa amahlombe
• ukunyakaza okungazelelwe, okungalawuleki kwemilenze, izingalo, noma umzimba
• imisindo efana nokuhlanzwa komphimbo, ukugquma, noma ukububula

Abanye abantu banokuzwa okungajwayelekile komzimba ngaphambi kokuvela kwe-tic. Imvamisa bayakwazi ukubamba izimpawu zabo isikhathi esifushane, kepha lokhu kudinga umzamo. Ukunikezela ku-tic kuletha umuzwa wokukhululeka.

Ama-Tics angenziwa abe mabi kakhulu ngu:

• isasasa noma ukukhuthazeka
• ukukhathala noma ukungalali kahle
• ukucindezeleka
• amazinga okushisa adlulele

Ukuhlonza ukukhathazeka okungapheli kwezimoto

Ama-Tics ngokuvamile atholakala ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwehhovisi likadokotela ojwayelekile. Izidingo ezimbili kulezi ezilandelayo kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nazo ukuze wena noma ingane yakho ithole ukuxilongwa okungalapheki kwezimoto:

• Ama-tics kumele avele cishe nsuku zonke isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka.
• Ama-tics kumele abekhona ngaphandle kwesikhathi esingena-tic esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezi-3.
• Ama-tics kufanele ukuthi aqale ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-18.

Akukho sivivinyo esingahlola isimo.

Ukwelapha isifo esingalapheki semoto

Uhlobo lokwelashwa olutholayo ngenxa yesifo esingelapheki semoto kuzoncika ebucayi besimo nokuthi sikuthinta kanjani impilo yakho.

Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha

Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kungasiza ingane ukuthi ifunde ukubamba i-tic isikhashana. Ngokuya ngocwaningo lwango-2010 olushicilelwe kwiJenali ye-American Medical Association, indlela yokwelashwa ebizwa ngokungenelela okuphelele kokuziphatha kwe-tics (CBIT) yathuthukisa kakhulu izimpawu ezinganeni.

Ku-CBIT, izingane ezinama-tics ziqeqeshelwe ukubona isifiso se-tic, futhi zisebenzise enye impendulo noma yokuncintisana esikhundleni se-tic.

Imithi

Imithi ingasiza ukulawula noma ukunciphisa ama-tics. Imithi esetshenziswa njalo ukulawula ama-tics ifaka:

• i-haloperidol (Haldol)
• pimozide
• i-risperidone (Risperdal)
• i-aripiprazole (Hlanza)
• i-topiramate (Topamax)
• clonidine
• guanfacine
• imishanguzo esuselwa ku-cannabis

Kunobunye ubufakazi obulinganiselwe bokuthi i-cannabinoid delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (dronabinol) isiza ukumisa ama-tics kubantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, imikhiqizo esuselwa ku-cannabis akufanele inikezwe izingane nentsha, noma abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abahlengikazi.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa

Imijovo ye-botulinum toxin (eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi imijovo ye-Botox) ingaphatha amanye ama-tics e-dystonic. Abanye abantu bathola ukukhululeka ngokufakwa kwe-electrode ebuchosheni.

Yini engalindelwa esikhathini eside esizayo?

Izingane eziba nesifo esingalapheki sezimoto eziphakathi kweminyaka engu-6 no-8 ngokuvamile ziyalulama. Izimpawu zabo imisa ngaphandle kokwelashwa eminyakeni emi-4 kuye kwengu-6.

Izingane ezithuthukisa lesi simo lapho sezikhulile futhi ziqhubeka nokuthola izimpawu eminyakeni engama-20 yazo kungenzeka zingasidluli lesi sifo se-tic. Kulezo zimo, kungaba yisimo sempilo yonke.