Iyini Imiphumela I-Cocaine Enayo Enhliziyweni Yakho?

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Imiphumela yeCocaine empilweni yenhliziyo
• Ukushaya kwegazi
• Ukuqina kwemithambo
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-aortic
• Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo
• Ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo okubangelwa i-cocoaine
• Izimpawu zezinkinga zenhliziyo ezihlobene ne-cocaine
• Ukwelashwa kwezinkinga zenhliziyo ezihlobene ne-cocaine
• Ukuthola usizo lokusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine
• Ukuthatha

Ukubuka konke

I-Cocaine yisidakamizwa esinamandla esikhuthazayo. Kwakha imiphumela ehlukahlukene emzimbeni. Isibonelo, kuvuselela isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, kubangele ukuphakama okukhulu. Kubangela nokuthi umfutho wegazi nokushaya kwenhliziyo kukhuphuke, futhi kuphazamisa amasiginali kagesi enhliziyo.

Le miphumela enhliziyweni nasenhlizweni yemithambo yegazi inyusa ubungozi bomuntu ezindabeni zezempilo ezihlobene nenhliziyo, kufaka phakathi isifo senhliziyo. Ngempela, abacwaningi base-Australia baqale basebenzisa ibinzana elithi "umuthi ophelele wokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo" ocwaningweni abalunikeze i-American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions ngo-2012.

Izingozi enhliziyweni yakho nasenqubeni yemithambo yegazi azizi kuphela emva kweminyaka yokusebenzisa i-cocaine; imiphumela ye-cocaine ishesha kakhulu emzimbeni wakho ukuthi ungahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo ngomthamo wakho wokuqala.

ICocaine yayiyimbangela ehamba phambili yokuvakashelwa okuhlobene nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eminyangweni ephuthumayo (i-ED) ngo-2009. (Ama-Opioid ayimbangela ehamba phambili yokuvakashelwa okuhlobene nezidakamizwa i-ED.) Iningi lalezi zivakashi ezihlobene ne-cocaine zazingenxa yezikhalazo zenhliziyo, njengesifuba ubuhlungu nenhliziyo egijimayo, ngokusho kwe-.

Ake sibhekisise ukuthi i-cocaine iwuthinta kanjani umzimba nokuthi kungani iyingozi empilweni yakho yenhliziyo.

Imiphumela yeCocaine empilweni yenhliziyo

I-cocoaine yisidakamizwa esisebenza ngokushesha, futhi sidala izinhlobo eziningana zemiphumela emibi emzimbeni. Nayi eminye imiphumela umuthi ongaba nayo enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi yakho.

Ukushaya kwegazi

Ngokushesha ngemuva kokufakwa kwe-cocaine, inhliziyo yakho izoqala ukushaya ngokushesha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-cocaine inciphisa ama-capillaries omzimba wakho nemithambo yegazi.

Lokhu kubeka izinga eliphakeme lokucindezeleka, noma ingcindezi, ohlelweni lwakho lwemithambo yegazi, futhi inhliziyo yakho iphoqeleka ukuba iphampa ngamandla ukuhambisa igazi emzimbeni wakho. Umfutho wegazi lakho uzokhuphuka ngenxa yalokho.

Ukuqina kwemithambo

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocoaine kungaholela ekuqineni kwemithambo nemithambo yegazi. Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis, asibonakali ngokushesha, kodwa umonakalo wesikhashana nesikhathi eside odalwe yiso ungadala isifo senhliziyo nezinye izindaba ezingasongela impilo.

Eqinisweni, kubantu abashone ngokuzumayo ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-cocaine bakhombise isifo somthambo we-coronary ohlobene kakhulu ne-atherosclerosis.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-aortic

Ukwanda okungazelelwe kwengcindezi kanye nengcindezi eyengeziwe emisipheni yenhliziyo kungaholela ekukhaleni okungazelelwe odongeni lwe-aorta yakho, umthambo oyinhloko emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-aortic dissection (AD).

I-AD ingaba buhlungu futhi isongele impilo. Kudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Ucwaningo lwakudala lukhombisile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine kwakuyisici esifinyelela kumaphesenti angama-9.8 wamacala we-AD.

Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocoaine kungadala ukuvuvukala ezingqimbeni zemisipha yenhliziyo yakho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuvuvukala kungaholela ekuqineni kwemisipha. Lokhu kungenza inhliziyo yakho ingasebenzi kahle ekupompa igazi, futhi kungaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela impilo, kufaka phakathi ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo

I-Cocaine ingaphazamisa uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo yakho futhi iphazamise amasiginali atshela ingxenye ngayinye yenhliziyo yakho ukuthi ipompe ngokuvumelanisa nezinye. Lokhu kungaholela kuma-arrhythmias, noma ekushayeni kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.

Ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo okubangelwa i-cocoaine

Izinhlobonhlobo zemiphumela enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi evela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-cocaine yandisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. I-Cocaine ingadala umfutho wegazi, imithambo eqinile, nezindonga zemisipha yenhliziyo ezijiyile, okungaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo.

Ucwaningo lwango-2012 lwabasebenzisi be-cocaine bokungcebeleka luthole ukuthi impilo yezinhliziyo zabo ikhombisa ukukhubazeka okukhulu. Balinganiselwa kuma-30 kuye kuma-35 amaphesenti okuqina okukhulu kwe-aortic kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kunabasebenzisi abangasebenzisi i-cocaine.

Futhi babenokwanda kwamaphesenti ayi-18 kubukhulu be-ventricle yenhliziyo yabo engakwesobunxele. Lezi zinto zixhunyaniswe nengozi ephezulu yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.

Kutholwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine ejwayelekile kuhlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, lolu cwaningo aluzange luxhumanise ukufa kwasekuqaleni nokufa okuhlobene nenhliziyo.

Lokhu kushiwo, kutholakale ukuthi amaphesenti angu-4.7 abantu abadala abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-50 basebenzise i-cocaine ngesikhathi behlaselwa yinhliziyo okokuqala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cocaine kanye / noma insangu yayikhona kubantu abahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-50. Ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zidakamizwa kwandise kakhulu ingozi yomuntu yokufa okuhlobene nenhliziyo.

Ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo okubangelwa i-cocoaine akuyona nje ingozi yabantu asebesebenzise lesi sidakamizwa iminyaka. Eqinisweni, umuntu osebenzisa okokuqala angabhekana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okubangelwa i-cocaine.

Ukusetshenziswa kweCocaine kuphindwe kabili ukufa okungazelelwe kubasebenzisi abaneminyaka engu-15-49 ubudala, ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo.

Izimpawu zezinkinga zenhliziyo ezihlobene ne-cocaine

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocoaine kungadala izimpawu ezihlobene nenhliziyo ngokushesha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo, ukujuluka nokushaya ngamandla. Ubuhlungu besifuba bungenzeka, futhi. Lokhu kungaholela kubantu ukuthi bafune ukwelashwa esibhedlela noma egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo.

Umonakalo obaluleke kakhulu enhliziyweni, noma kunjalo, kungenzeka wenziwe buthule. Lo monakalo ohlala njalo kungaba nzima ukuwuthola. ithole ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha akuvamile ukukhombisa ukulimala emithanjeni yegazi noma enhliziyweni yomsebenzisi wecocaine.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) kungathola umonakalo. Ama-CMR enziwe kubantu abake basebenzisa i-cocaine bakhombisa uketshezi olweqile enhliziyweni, ukuqina kwemisipha nokuqina, nokushintsha ukunyakaza kwezindonga zenhliziyo. Ukuhlolwa kwendabuko kungahle kungakhombisi eziningi zalezi zimpawu.

I-electrocardiogram (ECG) nayo ingathola ukulimala okuthulile ezinhliziyweni zabantu abake basebenzisa i-cocaine. Umuntu osebenzisa i-cocaine uthole ukuthi isilinganiso sokuphumula senhliziyo esiphansi siphansi kakhulu kubantu asebenzise i-cocaine uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abangazange basebenzise lesi sidakamizwa.

Futhi, lokhu kuthole ukuthi i-ECG ikhombisa ukuthi abasebenzisi be-cocaine bane-bradycardia ebucayi kakhulu, noma ukupompa kancane ngokungavamile. Ubucayi besimo buba bubi kakhulu uma umuntu esebenzisa i-cocaine isikhathi eside.

Ukwelashwa kwezinkinga zenhliziyo ezihlobene ne-cocaine

Iningi lezindlela zokwelashwa eziphathelene nezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi liyefana nalokho okusetshenziswa kubantu abangasisebenzisanga lesi sidakamizwa. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine kuyazixaka ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zenhliziyo.

Isibonelo, abantu abake basebenzise i-cocaine abakwazi ukuthatha ama-beta blocker. Lolu hlobo lwemithi ebucayi lusebenzela ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi ngokuvimba imiphumela ye-hormone adrenaline. Ukuvimba i-adrenaline kunciphisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo futhi kuvumela inhliziyo ukuthi impompe ngamandla amancane.

Kubantu abake basebenzisa i-cocaine, ama-beta blockers empeleni angaholela ekucinaneni komthambo wegazi omkhulu, ongakhuphula umfutho wegazi kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho futhi anganqikazi ukusebenzisa i-stent enhliziyweni yakho uma unesifo senhliziyo ngoba kungakhuphula ubungozi bakho bokugaya igazi. Ngasikhathi sinye, udokotela wakho kungenzeka angakwazi ukusebenzisa imishanguzo yokuvala ama-clot uma ihlwili lakha.

Ukuthola usizo lokusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine

Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwe-cocaine kwandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi i-cocaine ingadala umonakalo enhliziyweni yakho cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqala ukuyisebenzisa, futhi umonakalo wakhe isikhathi eside usebenzisa umuthi.

Ukuyeka i-cocaine akukunciphisi ngokushesha ubungozi bezinkinga zempilo yenhliziyo, ngoba umonakalo omkhulu ungaba unomphela. Kodwa-ke, ukuyeka i-cocaine kungavimbela ukulimala okuqhubekayo, okunciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga zezempilo ezihlobene nenhliziyo, njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Uma ungumuntu osebenzisa i-cocaine njalo, noma noma uyisebenzisa kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile, ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe kungakuzuzisa. I-Cocaine isidakamizwa esilutha kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe kungaholela ekuthembekeni, ngisho nasekugqilazweni. Umzimba wakho ungajwayela imiphumela yomuthi, okungenza ukuhoxiswa kube nzima kakhulu.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthola usizo lokuyeka lesi sidakamizwa. Udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kumeluleki osebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa noma esikhungweni sokuvuselela. Lezi zinhlangano nabantu bangakusiza ukunqoba ukuhoxa futhi ufunde ukubhekana nazo ngaphandle kwezidakamizwa.

Inombolo yosizo Kazwelonke ye-SAMHSA itholakala ku-1-800-662-USIZO (4357). Banikezela ngokudluliselwa kwehora nosuku nosizo nganoma yiluphi usuku lonyaka.

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Ukuthatha

I-cocoaine ilimaza ngaphezu kwenhliziyo yakho. Ezinye izindaba zezempilo ezingabangelwa umuthi zifaka:

• ukulahleka kwephunga kusuka ekulimaleni kuya kolwelwesi lwekhala
• ukulimala kohlelo lwesisu kusuka ekunciphiseni kwegazi
• ingozi ephezulu yokuthola izifo ezifana ne-hepatitis C ne-HIV (kusuka emijovo yenaliti)
• ukuncipha kwesisindo okungafuneki
• ukukhwehlela
• isifuba somoya

Ngo-2016, ukukhiqizwa kwe-cocaine emhlabeni wonke kwafinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Ngalowo nyaka, kwakhiqizwa amathani angaphezu kuka-1400 omuthi. Lokhu ngemuva kokuthi ukukhiqizwa kwalesi sidakamizwa kwehle cishe iminyaka eyishumi, kusuka ngo-2005 kuya ku-2013.

Namuhla, amaphesenti angu-1.9 abantu baseNyakatho Melika basebenzisa i-cocaine njalo, kanti ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi lelo nani liyakhuphuka.

Uma usebenzise noma usasebenzisa i-cocaine, ungathola usizo lokuyeka. Isidakamizwa sinamandla futhi sinamandla, futhi ukuhoxa kuso kungaba nzima.

Kodwa-ke, ukuyeka ukuphela kwendlela yokumisa umonakalo owenziwa yisidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi buthule, ezithweni zomzimba wakho. Ukuyeka futhi kungasiza ekwandiseni isikhathi sakho sokuphila, kukunikeze emuva amashumi eminyaka ongalahlekelwa uma uqhubeka nokusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa.